St Pancras Church, Ipswich

Saint Pancras is an active Roman Catholic parish church serving the town centre of Ipswich, England.[4] The neo-gothic church was built as part of the British Catholic revival in the nineteenth century, and was the target of anti-Catholic riots soon after completion.[1]

St Pancras, Ipswich
Saint Pancras
Saint Pancras Church
St Pancras, Ipswich Location in Ipswich
52°03′20.7″N 1°09′31.8″E
Location	Ipswich, Suffolk
Country	England
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Weekly attendance	500[1]
Website	stpancraschurch.org.uk
History
Status	Active
Founded	1861[2]
Dedication	Saint Pancras of Rome
Architecture
Heritage designation	Grade II
Designated	6 April 1988[3]
Architect(s)	George Goldie
Architectural type	Victorian Gothic[4]
Administration
Deanery	Ipswich Deanery
Diocese	Roman Catholic Diocese of East Anglia
Clergy
Bishop(s)	Alan Hopes
Priest(s)	Francis Leeder[1][5]

Building and dedication of the church

An interlaced "S" and "P" from an original front pew from the 1860s

The construction of St Pancras was largely financed from the estate of L'Abbé Louis Simon. Abbé Simon was a French émigré priest who came to Ipswich in 1793, during the French Revolution, and became the first Catholic priest to celebrate Mass regularly in Ipswich since the Reformation.[2] Simon was from an aristocratic family in Normandy and sold property he inherited in Normandy to fund church building in his adopted home of Ipswich.[2]

The church was built by George Goldie, a prominent Catholic architect.[6] According to the church's website, Goldie may have intended St Pancras to develop into a larger structure, a cathedral for a future Catholic diocese of East Anglia.[2][7] The church and the area surrounding St Pancras were originally part of the Catholic parish of St Mary's, Woodbridge Road in the Diocese of Northampton. St Pancras was consecrated by the Bishop of Northampton, Francis Amherst, with the future Cardinal Manning preaching the sermon.[2]

History

Main altar with reredos and statues of Christ and the Four Evangelists

Two years after the church was consecrated, in 1863, St Pancras was the target of a series of anti-Catholic riots. This led to the curate barricading himself in the presbytery for two days[2] after disturbances during Guy Fawkes night.[8] The riot was suppressed only when the Mayor of Ipswich enrolled 200 special constables, although the riots were credited with creating sympathy for the church and the Catholic community among local dignitaries.[1][2] In 1871 the church became a separate parish, for the first ten years under the care of the Pallottines, an Italian order.[8] In 1885 St Pancras merged with St Mary's to become a single parish, this time based in the more central St Pancras.[8]

In 1919 St Mary's split from St Pancras to become its own parish.[9] St Pancras was originally the Catholic parish that served Old Stoke and the Chantry Estate to the southwest of Ipswich, although this section of the parish became the parish of Saint Mark's.[10][11] In the 1940s it became the centre of the Polish community in Ipswich although later the parish of St Mary became the pastoral centre of the Polish community.[12]

In 1976 St Pancras, with all the other Catholic parishes in Suffolk, was transferred to the new Diocese of East Anglia.[13] On Christmas Day 1985 the church was badly burned in an arson attack which meant that the choir loft and organ had to be rebuilt.[1]

Architecture and fittings

St Pancras is a grade II listed building[3] built of red brick with a slate roof.

The main altar is at the east end of the church. Behind the altar are reredos and above the reredos are five large statues depicting Jesus Christ flanked by the four evangelists.[3] To the north of the main altar is a small Lady chapel with an ornamental marble floral altar built against the east wall on which stands a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary[14] and the altar of repose. The tabernacle is directly behind the standalone altar, with a Victorian, ceiling-hung tabernacle lamp between the main altar and the Lady Chapel.

Memorial to the Catholics of Ipswich who died in the First World War

The choir loft is at the west end of the church. It was largely rebuilt in the 1980s after a fire in 1985. The church organ is in the choir loft. The organ was built in 1891 and has two manuals. At the back of the choir loft there is a large modern, stained glass rose window in plate tracery style that depicts the descent of the Holy Spirit,[7][3] which was completed by the Ipswich artist Danielle Hopkinson for the Millennium.[15][14]

Beneath the choir loft and behind wrought iron gates is a Caen stone baptismal font[14] as well as two war memorials, a mounted marble wall plaque dedicated in 1922[16] to the Catholics of Ipswich who died during the First World War[17] and a painted copy of the icon of Our Lady of Czestochowa donated by the crew of Polish armoured train C who were based in Ipswich during the Second World War.[18]

The nave and sanctuary are in the Venetian style where the arches are alternately red and white brick. The interior was once multi-coloured but is now mostly white-washed.[3] There is an elaborate wooden roof[3] and the wooden pews are original.[3]

To the west of the church is the presbytery with a small parish garden in which there is a copy of the statue of Our Lady of Ipswich. There is also a parish centre built in the 1970s.[14] The original presbytery was built in the eighteenth century and demolished in a road-widening scheme by Ipswich Borough Council.[19]

References

1. St Pancras celebrates 150 years, BBC website
2. From the Church archives, St Pancras parish website
3. Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1264101)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 April 2007.
4. St Pancras, Official parish site
5. Ipswich: 50 years on and challenges remain for dedicated priest Fr Francis Leeder, East Anglian Daily Times
6. St Pancras, Ipswich, suffolkchurches.co.uk, Simon Knott
7. St Pancras Catholic Church, from ukattraction.com
8. Centenary Guide and Souvenir, St Pancras Church Ipswich, 1961, published by St Pancras Church
9. Old church of St Mary, Ipswich, Suffolk Churches
10. St Mark, Ipswich, Article from the Suffolk Churches website
11. New at Ipswich, from the Catholic Herald
12. "THE POLISH CATHOLIC COMMUNITY IN IPSWICH" (PDF).
13. "Diocese of East Anglia". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
14. Church History, St Pancras Church website
15. St. Pancras, Public Commissions, Danielle Hopkinson business website
16. From the account of the unveiling in the East Anglian Daily Times, 13 November 1922. ST PANCRAS RC CHURCH, from the War Memorials Archive
17. UK National Inventory of War Memorials reference 4634, ST PANCRAS RC CHURCH, from the War Memorials Trust
18. "Our Lady of Czestochowa, from the crew of the Polish 'C' Armoured Train - War Memorials Online". www.warmemorialsonline.org.uk.
19. http://archive.catholicherald.co.uk/article/23rd-september-1938/15/the-presbytery-must-move

External links

• Media related to Saint Pancras Church, Ipswich at Wikimedia Commons