Stephan W. Koch

Stephan W. Koch (born 23 May 1953[1]) is a German theoretical physicist. He is professor at the University of Marburg and works on condensed-matter theory, many-body effects, and laser theory. He is best known for his seminal contributions to the optical and electronic properties of semiconductors, semiconductor quantum optics, and semiconductor laser designs. Major portion of his research work has focused on the quantum physics and application potential of semiconductor nanostructures. Besides gaining fundamental insights to the many-body quantum theory, his work has provided new possibilities to develop, e.g., laser technology, based on accurate computer simulations. His objective has been to self-consistently include all relevant many-body effects in order to eliminate phenomenological approximations that compromise predictability of effects and quantum-device designs.

Stephan W. Koch
Born (1953-05-23) 23 May 1953[1]
Frankfurt,[1] West Germany
NationalityGermany
Alma materUniversity of Frankfurt
Known forSemiconductor Bloch equations
AwardsLeibniz Prize (1997)
Max Planck Research Award (1999)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist
InstitutionsUniversity of Marburg
Doctoral advisorHartmut Haug

Biography

Stephan W. Koch studied physics at the University of Frankfurt, obtained his doctorate 1979 about the theory of electron–hole droplet nucleation in strongly excited semiconductors[2] under the supervision of Prof. Hartmut Haug. During 1981–83, he was a postdoctoral fellow and visiting scientist at the IBM Research, San Jose/California and received habilitation in 1983 about the dynamics of equilibrium and non-equilibrium first-order phase transitions,[3] from the Department of Theoretical Physics of the University of Frankfurt. He continued his active research both in Germany and USA with the help of scholarships from the F. Thyssen Foundation and of the Heisenberg Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. In 1986, he became professor at the Physics Department and Optical Sciences Center of the University of Arizona in Tucson, AZ, and in 1989, he accepted a chair there. In 1993, he accepted a chair of theoretical physics at the University of Marburg, where he has worked ever since. Stephan W. Koch has very close ties with the research efforts at the Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, where he has been an adjunct professor and an active collaborator since 1994.

Main research topics

Stephan W. Koch has worked on multiple topics in the general field of semiconductor optics. Before the year 1988, the state-of-the-art description of semiconductor optics and lasers was mainly based on simplified rate-equation approaches which cannot describe the nonequilibrium quantum kinetics of Coulomb-coupled electrons and holes (electronic vacancies in valence band). To go beyond this approach, he was one of the key players to develop the semiconductor Bloch equations (abbreviated as SBEs).[4] [5] Ever since this breakthrough, the SBEs have been expanded to systematically include new many-body effects such as excitation-induced dephasing,[6] [7] non-Markovian effects, and semiconductor excitations with terahertz (abbreviated as THz) fields.[8] The SBEs research is still very active, and the SBEs are the most sophisticated and successful approach to describe optical properties of semiconductors originating from the classical light–matter interaction.

During the late 1980s, quantum-dot systems started to catch a significant research attention worldwide due to their intriguing quantum-confinement properties. He and his coworkers demonstrated[9] the configuration-interaction approach and its application to the optical properties of strongly quantum-confined semiconductors. This approach is actively used in order to explain the quantum-optical properties of quantum-dot systems.

Several of his ongoing projects focus on problems arising in the area of modern semiconductor quantum optics, microcavities, and laser theory.[10] In this field, Stephan W. Koch and his coworkers have concentrated on explaining how the quantum features of light can be described in connection with semiconductors. The novelty and difficulty of this research stems from determining and controlling many-body and quantum-optical features simultaneously. The first step toward this direction emerged in the form of the semiconductor luminescence equations[6][11] (abbreviated as SLEs); the SLEs describe the quantum physics where quantum fluctuations of light initiate incoherent light emission from spontaneous recombination of Coulomb-coupled electron–hole pairs. The SLEs not only set the standard in describing quantum-light emission in semiconductors but they are also ideally suited for modeling quantum-light sources and filters based on semiconductor technology. The extensions of SLEs include resonance fluorescence and higher-order photon-correlation effects and are the basis to expand the quantum-optical spectroscopy.

He and his coworkers are working on a systematic theory to describe excitation of solids with THz fields. Typical laser excitations are resonant with band-to-band transitions, not the energy difference of several relevant many-body states that actually match the THz-photon energy. Therefore, THz spectroscopy offers a new way to view many-body systems,[8] e.g., by detecting particular many-body states[12] directly or by controlling their quantum dynamics. This research direction seems currently particularly lucrative due to the rapid progress of THz technology in producing high-quality, intense and/or single-cycle THz sources and lasers for spectroscopic purposes.

Stephan W. Koch's innovations have always caught broad interest within the research community; his papers have been cited more than 15000 times to date (2013).

Awards

Stephan W. Koch has received numerous awards for his achievements in the field of semiconductor optics. Most notably due to his work on the theoretical foundations of light–matter interaction in semiconductor materials, he received the Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in 1997 and the Max Planck Research Award of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and of the Max Planck Society in 1999.

Books

Stephan W. Koch has coauthored eight text books that have had a major effect on laying solid foundations to understand semiconductor optics and semiconductor quantum optics. His most recent work includes:

  • Kira, M.; Koch, S. W. (2011). Semiconductor Quantum Optics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521875097. Website of this book (sqobook.org)
  • Haug, H.; Koch, S. W. (2009). Quantum Theory of the Optical and Electronic Properties of Semiconductors (5th ed.). World Scientific. ISBN 978-9812838841.
  • Meier, T.; Thomas, P.; Koch, S. W. (2007). Coherent Semiconductor Optics: From Basic Concepts to Nanostructure Applications (1st ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-3642068966.

References
  1. "Curriculum vitae of Stephan W. Koch from official website of the University of Marburg" Archived 2014-06-06 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 06 June 2014.
  2. Koch, S. W. (1979). Zur Theorie der Elektron-Loch-Tropfennukleation in stark angeregten Halbleitern (PhD). Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main (Germany).
  3. Koch, S. W. (1983). Zur Dynamik von Gleichgewichts- und Nichtgleichgewichtsphasenübergängen erster Ordnung (Habilitation Thesis). Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main (Germany).
  4. Lindberg, M.; Koch, S. W. (1988). "Effective Bloch equations for semiconductors". Physical Review B 38 (5): 3342–3350. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.38.3342
  5. Haug, H.; Koch, S. W. (2009). Quantum Theory of the Optical and Electronic Properties of Semiconductors (5th ed.). World Scientific. p. 216.
  6. Kira, M.; Koch, S. W. (2011). Semiconductor Quantum Optics. Cambridge University Press.
  7. Wang, H.; Ferrio, K.; Steel, D.; Hu, Y.; Binder, R.; Koch, S. W. (1993). "Transient nonlinear optical response from excitation induced dephasing in GaAs". Physical Review Letters 71 (8): 1261–1264. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.1261
  8. Koch, S. W.; Kira, M.; Khitrova, G.; Gibbs, H. M. (2006). "Semiconductor excitons in new light". Nature Materials 5 (7): 523–531. doi:10.1038/nmat1658
  9. Hu, Y.; Lindberg, M.; Koch, S. (1990). "Theory of optically excited intrinsic semiconductor quantum dots". Physical Review B 42 (3): 1713–1723. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.42.1713
  10. Khitrova, G.; Gibbs, H. M.; Kira, M.; Koch, S. W.; Scherer, A. (2006). "Vacuum Rabi splitting in semiconductors". Nature Physics 2 (2): 81–90. doi:10.1038/nphys227
  11. Kira, M.; Jahnke, F.; Koch, S.; Berger, J.; Wick, D.; Nelson, T.; Khitrova, G.; Gibbs, H. (1997). "Quantum Theory of Nonlinear Semiconductor Microcavity Luminescence Explaining “Boser” Experiments". Physical Review Letters 79 (25): 5170–5173. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.5170
  12. Kira, M.; Hoyer, W.; Stroucken, T.; Koch, S. (2001). "Exciton Formation in Semiconductors and the Influence of a Photonic Environment". Physical Review Letters 87 (17). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.176401.
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