Steven Drizin

Steven A. Drizin is an American lawyer and academic. He is a Clinical Professor of Law at the Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law in Chicago, where he has been on the faculty since 1991.[1] At Northwestern, Drizin teaches courses on Wrongful Convictions and Juvenile Justice.[2] He has written extensively on the topics of police interrogations and false confessions.[3] Among the general public, Drizin is known for his ongoing representation of Brendan Dassey, one of the protagonists in the Netflix documentary series, Making a Murderer.[4]

Steven Drizin
Born
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Alma mater
Occupation
Known forscholarship on police interrogations and false confessions
Websitecwcy.org

Early life and career

Drizin was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Both his parents worked as teachers in the School District of Philadelphia. In 1983, he graduated from Haverford College with a B.A. in Political Science.[5] In 1986, he earned a J.D. from Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law in Chicago. At Northwestern, Drizin served as Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology from 1985-1986.

Upon completing his Juris Doctor, Drizin worked for a few years in commercial litigation at the Chicago-based law firm Sachnoff & Weaver.[6] Sachnoff & Weaver later merged with the firm Reed Smith.[7] In 1988, Drizin left Sachnoff to clerk for Judge Ilana Rovner, who at that point in her career was on the bench at the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

In 1991, Drizin returned to his alma mater to become a supervising attorney at the Children and Family Justice Center at Northwestern Law's Bluhm Legal Clinic.[8] From 2005-2013, he took over as Legal Director of the Clinic's Center on Wrongful Convictions.[9] From 2013-2017, Drizin served as the Assistant Dean of the Bluhm Legal Clinic.[10] In addition to teaching Northwestern law students how to represent wrongfully convicted clients in post-conviction proceedings, Drizin is a prominent criminal justice reform advocate. In 2004, Drizin co-authored an amicus brief that played a role in the United States Supreme Court’s landmark decision Roper v. Simmons, which abolished the juvenile death penalty.[11]

His policy work also involves working with state governments around the country to require law enforcement agencies to electronically record all custodial interrogations.[12] As mentioned in Making a Murderer, in 2005, Drizin filed a non-party brief in the case of State vs Jerrell C.J, a Wisconsin Supreme Court case which mandated the electronic recording of all interrogations of minors in that state.[13]

Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth

In 2008, Drizin co-founded the Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth (CWCY), the nation's first innocence project dedicated to the representation and advocacy of wrongfully convicted children and adolescents.[14] A joint enterprise between the Center on Wrongful Convictions and the Children and Family Justice Center, the Center currently represents Brendan Dassey and has successfully exonerated over 20 wrongfully convicted juveniles.[15]

The CWCY is active in the areas of appellate litigation, juvenile policy reform, interrogation processes, and the enforcement of juvenile constitutional protections.[16] The Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth represents many juveniles who have falsely confessed to a crime they have not committed, and are prominent collaborators in the juvenile justice space. Drizin and Co-Director Laura Nirider have authored numerous amicus curiae briefs, and conducted professional training in the area of false confessions and interrogation practices for legal professionals including judges, attorneys, and the greater law enforcement community.[17]

Notable federal appellate cases

Brendan Dassey v Michael Dittman: 201 F. Supp. 3d 963 (E.D. Wi. 2016)(federal habeas corpus decision granting relief to 16-year-old Dassey, who gave “involuntary” confession), aff’d 860 F.3d 933 (7th Cir. 2017), rehearing en banc granted and district court’s grant of habeas relief reversed, 877 F.3d 297 (7th Cir. 2017).[18]

Montgomery v. Louisiana: 577 U.S. ___, 136 S. Ct. 718 (2016)(co-authored amicus brief on behalf of juvenile advocacy organizations arguing that Miller v. Alabama’s holding abolishing mandatory life without parole sentences is retroactive)[19]

J. D. B. v. North Carolina: 564 U.S. 261 (2011)(co-authored amicus brief concerning juvenile false confessions that was cited by the US Supreme Court in majority opinion).[20]

Pre-Roper minimum ages for executions by state
  No capital punishment
  Minimum age of 18
  Minimum age of 17
  Minimum age of 16

Roper v. Simmons: 543 U.S. 551 (2005) (joined the Juvenile Law Center, Amnesty International, and other organisations representing over 50 child welfare, juvenile justice, and juvenile advocacy organisations in a landmark juvenile death penalty case. The US Supreme Court determined that it was unconstitutional to impose the death penalty on juveniles under the age of 18 as a result.[21]

U.S. ex rel A.M. v. Butler: 2002 WL 1348605 (N.D. IIl. June 19, 2002)(federal habeas decision vacating murder conviction of 11-year-old minor). Argued and briefed before United States Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals September 2004. Conviction reversed in published opinion A.M. v. Butler, 360 F.3d 787 (7th Cir (Ill.), Mar 2, 2004)[22]

U.S. ex rel. Hardaway v. Young: 162 F. Supp.2d 1005 (N.D.Ill. Sep 13, 2001) (NO. 01 C 3963) judgment reversed by Hardaway v. Young, 302 F.3d 657 (7th Cir.(Ill.) 2002) (federal habeas corpus decision concerning the involuntariness of juvenile confessions)[23]

Yarborough v. Alvarado: 541 U.S. 652 (2004) (was co-author to an amicus brief with the Juvenile Law Center in police interrogation case involving a juvenile before the US Supreme Court - the Miranda test).[24]

Notable state appellate cases

State v. Jerrell C.J: No. 02-3423, Wisconsin Court of Appeals and Wisconsin Supreme Court (2003) Authored an amicus brief in the reversal of an armed robbery conviction of a juvenile defendant. The opinion mandated a new rule requiring that all custodial interrogations of juveniles must be electronically recorded.[25]

People of the State of New York v. David McCallum: A juvenile who falsely confessed at age 16 to a 1985 murder was exonerated after post-conviction proceedings in 2014 by King’s County District Attorney’s Office’s Conviction Review Unit.[26]

Michigan v. Davontae Sanford: 14-year-old developmentally impaired juvenile who falsely confessed after two days of interrogation to a quadruple murder in Detroit was exonerated in 2016.[27]

People of the State of Illinois v. Terrill Swift, et al: 17-year-old who falsely confessed to a 1995 murder was exonerated by DNA evidence in January 2012.(Englewood Four)[28][29]

People of the State of Illinois v. Robert Taylor, et al: 14-year-old adolescent who falsely confessed to a 1991 murder exonerated by DNA evidence in November 2011, freeing Taylor and four co-defendants.(Dixmoor Five)[30][31]

People of the State of Illinois v. John Horton: 17-year-old who falsely confessed to a murder in 1993 was exonerated in 2017 after serving 23 years as appellate court tosses conviction and state decides not to retry.[32]

People of the State of Illinois v. Justin Doyle: In 2017 Governor Bruce Rauner granted clemency to Justin Doyle who was convicted under the Illinois felony murder rule in 2008, commuting a 30-year sentence to 9 years of time-served.[33]

Author
  • Huffington Post: contributor [34]
  • True Stories of False Confessions: Rob Warden & Steven A. Drizin (editors) (published August 2009, Northwestern University Press)
  • The Problem of False Confessions in the Post-DNA Age: Steven A. Drizin & Richard A. Leo (2008) (translated into Japanese and published as a book and amicus brief which was filed by the Center on Wrongful Convictions before the Supreme Court of Japan) (translated by Kazuko Ito)(Japan UNI Agency, Tokyo, 2008).[35]

Drizin has authored a catalogue of law review articles,[36] books chapters,[37] psychological journal articles,[38] book reviews, position papers, and newspaper and magazine articles, essays,[39] and Op-eds for both national and international publications.

Recognition
  • The Perske Award: Drizin was awarded The Perske Award by The Arc for "a lifetime of work on justice reform for youth and people with disabilities and his representation of Brendan Dassey, a young man with learning ad developmental disabilities".[40]
  • Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Dawn Clark Netsch Public Service Award.[41]
  • Campaign for Fair Sentencing of Youth’s Healing and Hope Award.[42]
  • Congressional Black Caucus Veterans Braintrust Award 2016.[43]
  • American Bar Association’s Livingston Hall Award 2005.[44]
  • National Juvenile Defender Center’s Juvenile Defender Leadership Award 2000.

Film
  • Making a Murderer: Seasons 1 & 2, Emmy-winning Netflix Global series addressing the case of Brendan Dassey
  • West of Memphis: BAFTA-nominated documentary about the West Memphis Three.
  • A True Story of a False Confession: The Brendan Dassey Case: a discussion on Brendan Dasseys case, police interrogations, and false confessions. Livestream from Northwestern Pritzker School of Law.
  • David & Me: Documentary on the wrongful conviction of David McCallum, exonerated after 29 years in prison[45]
  • The Injustice System: Documentary concerning Jason Strong; exonerated after 15 years in prison

Podcasts
  • Concord Law School: Discussion between Drizin and Martin Pritkin (Dean of Concord Law School) concerning the wrongful conviction of juveniles.
  • Undisclosed: with Rabia Chaudry and Professors Drizin and Nirider. Discussion on Dassey v Dittman before the United States Supreme Court
  • Scalar Learning Podcast: Huzefa interviews Drizin.
  • Planet Lex Podcast: Professors Drizin and Nirider interviewed on defending Brendan Dassey of Making a Murderer.

See also

References
  1. "Steven Drizin: Faculty Profile".
  2. "Course Details". www.law.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  3. "Search Faculty Publications". Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  4. "What Leads to False Confessions? 'Making a Murderer' Attorneys Weigh In". WTTW News. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  5. "Steven A. Drizin". www.law.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  6. "Official Discord in Women's Bar". www.chicagotribune.com.
  7. "Reed Smith Sachnoff & Weaver Combination Complete, Chicago Contributes Firmwide Leadership | News | Reed Smith LLP". www.reedsmith.com. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  8. "Rush to Judgement". www.washingtonpost.com. 2000-06-15.
  9. "Drizin Named Legal Director of Center on Wrongful Convictions". www.northwestern.edu.
  10. "The Truth About Juvenile False Confessions" (PDF). www.americanbar.org.
  11. "Amicus Brief in Roper v. Simmons, Supreme Court Case on Death Penalty for Youth". The Sentencing Project. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  12. "Steven A. Drizin". www.law.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  13. "State of Wisconsin, Petitioner-Respondent, v. Jerrell C.J., Respondent-Appellant-Petitioners". www.caselaw.findlaw.com.
  14. "Northwestern Law Launches Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth". www.newenglandinnocence.org.
  15. "Is Chicago Really the 'False Confession Capital'?". www.news.wttw.com.
  16. "Brendan Dassey case shines spotlight on Northwestern's Center on Wrongful Convictions of Youth". www.dailynorthwestern.com. 2016-01-14.
  17. "Why are Educators Learning How to Interrogate Their Students?". www.newyorker.com. 2016-03-25.
  18. "Dassey v Dittman". www.scotusblog.com.
  19. "Montgomery v Louisiana". www./jlc.org.
  20. "J. D. B. v. North Carolina, 564 U.S. 261 (2011)". www.supreme.justia.com.
  21. "Celebrating the 10th Anniversary of Roper v. Simmons: One Small Step for Christopher Simmons, One Giant Step for Juvenile Justice Reform)". www.huffingtonpost.com. 2015-03-02.
  22. "A.M., a minor, Petitioner–Appellee. v. Jerry BUTLER, Superintendent of the Illinois Youth Center, Respondent–Appellant". www.caselaw.findlaw.com.
  23. "UNITED STATES of America ex rel. Derrick HARDAWAY # K65596, Petitioner,v.Donald S. YOUNG, Warden, Respondent". www.law.justia.com.
  24. "Yarborough v. Alvarado, 541 U.S. 652 (2004)". www.supreme.justia.com.
  25. "Juvenile interrogations must be recorded". www.wislawjournal.com. 2005-07-13.
  26. "PEOPLE v. McCALLUM". www.caselaw.findlaw.com.
  27. "State of Michigan v. Davontae Sanford". www.themarshallproject.org.
  28. "Terrill Swift". www.law.northwestern.edu.
  29. "City Seeking $31 Million Settlement With Wrongfully Convicted 'Englewood Four'". chicago.cbslocal.com. 2017-12-08.
  30. "Robert Taylor". www.law.umich.edu.
  31. "The Latest: Prosecutor offers apology to 'Dixmoor Five'". www.sandiegouniontribune.com.
  32. "Finally free, John Horton is ready to live for both the innocent and the guilty". www.rrstar.com.
  33. "Rockford man could seek clemency, might not win, lawyers say". www.rrstar.com.
  34. "Steven Drizin". www.huffingtonpost.com.
  35. "The Problem of False Confessions in the Post-DNA World". www.papers.ssrn.com. 2008-05-16. SSRN 1134094.
  36. "Abolishing the Use of the Felony-Murder Rule When the Defendant Is a Teenager" (PDF). www.core.ac.uk.
  37. Redlich, Allison D.; Acker, James R.; Norris, Robert J.; Bonventre, Catherine L. (2014). Examining Wrongful Convictions: Stepping Back, Moving Forward. ISBN 978-1611632521.
  38. Kassin, S. M.; Drizin, S. A.; Grisso, T.; Gudjonsson, G. H.; Leo, R. A.; Redlich, A. D. (2010). "Police-induced confessions, risk factors, and recommendations: looking ahead". Law and Human Behavior. 34 (1): 49–52. doi:10.1007/s10979-010-9217-5. PMID 20112057. S2CID 189389.
  39. "Gerald Gault, Meet Brendan Dassey: Preventing Juvenile False and Coerced Confessions in the 21st Century". www.nacdl.org.
  40. "The Arc Recognizes Steven Drizin, one of Brendan Dassey's Attorneys, for Championing Disability Rights Throughout Career". www.blog.thearc.org. 2018-06-12.
  41. "Northwestern Law Alumni Awards". www.law.alumni.northwestern.edu.
  42. "Healing and Hope 2016". www.fairsentencingofyouth.com.
  43. "Justice for Charles Johnson" (PDF). www.law.northwestern.edu.
  44. "Livingston Hall Juvenile Justice Award". www.americanbar.org.
  45. "David & Me documentary has happy ending after David McCallum's exoneration". cbc.ca. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
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