TCP protein domain

In molecular biology, the protein domain TCP is actually a family of transcription factors named after: teosinte branched 1 (tb1, Zea mays (Maize)),[1] cycloidea (cyc) (Antirrhinum majus) (Garden snapdragon)[2] and PCF in rice (Oryza sativa).[3]

TCP
Identifiers
SymbolTCP
PfamPF03634
InterProIPR005333
PROSITEPDOC00610
SCOP21grl / SCOPe / SUPFAM

Function

Members of the TCP protein domain family appear to be involved in cell proliferation. It may also have a role in signalling pathways since it has three phosphorylation sites. The TCP domain is necessary for specific binding to promoter elements of the Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene and also in DNA binding.[2]

Evolution

This family of transcription factors are exclusive to vascular plants. They can be divided into two groups, TCP-C and TCP-P, that appear to have separated following an early gene duplication event.[4] This duplication event may have led to functional divergence and it has been proposed that the TCP-P subfamily are transcriptional repressors, while the TPC-C subfamily are transcription activators.[5]

Structure

The TCP proteins code for structurally related proteins implicated in the evolution of key morphological traits.[2] However, the biochemical function of CYC and TB1 proteins remains to be demonstrated. One of the conserved regions is predicted to form a non-canonical basic-Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) structure. This domain is also found in two rice DNA-binding proteins, PCF1 and PCF2, where it has been shown to be involved in DNA-binding and dimerization.

References
  1. Finlayson SA (May 2007). "Arabidopsis Teosinte Branched1-like 1 regulates axillary bud outgrowth and is homologous to monocot Teosinte Branched1". Plant Cell Physiol. 48 (5): 667–77. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm044. PMID 17452340.
  2. Cubas P, Lauter N, Doebley J, Coen E (April 1999). "The TCP domain: a motif found in proteins regulating plant growth and development". Plant J. 18 (2): 215–22. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1999.00444.x. PMID 10363373.
  3. Kosugi S, Ohashi Y (May 2002). "DNA binding and dimerization specificity and potential targets for the TCP protein family". Plant J. 30 (3): 337–48. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2002.01294.x. PMID 12000681.
  4. Navaud O, Dabos P, Carnus E, Tremousaygue D, Hervé C (July 2007). "TCP transcription factors predate the emergence of land plants". J. Mol. Evol. 65 (1): 23–33. Bibcode:2007JMolE..65...23N. doi:10.1007/s00239-006-0174-z. PMID 17568984. S2CID 2961858.
  5. Li C, Potuschak T, Colón-Carmona A, Gutiérrez RA, Doerner P (September 2005). "Arabidopsis TCP20 links regulation of growth and cell division control pathways". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (36): 12978–83. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10212978L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0504039102. PMC 1200278. PMID 16123132.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR005333
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