Trang Ý
Trang Ý (Hán tự: 莊懿, 20 June 1828 – 3 June 1903), born Vũ Thị Hài or Vũ Thị Duyên, was the wife of Tự Đức and adopted-mother of Dục Đức.[1]
| Lệ Thiên Anh Hoàng hậu 儷天英皇后 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Empress Lệ Thiên | |||||||||
| Empress Mother of Nguyễn Dynasty | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1883–1889 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Empress Mother Từ Dụ | ||||||||
| Successor | Empress Mother Từ Minh | ||||||||
| Grand Empress Mother of Nguyễn Dynasty | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1889–1903 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Grand Empress Mother Từ Dụ | ||||||||
| Successor | Grand Empress Mother Khôn Nguyên | ||||||||
| Empress consort of Nguyễn Dynasty | |||||||||
| Tenure | Empress title granted posthumously | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Empress Nghi Thiên | ||||||||
| Successor | Empress Từ Minh | ||||||||
| Born | 20 June, 1828 Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam | ||||||||
| Died | June 3, 1903 (aged 74) Huế, Vietnam | ||||||||
| Burial | |||||||||
| Spouse | Emperor Tự Đức | ||||||||
| Issue | Dục Đức (adoptive-son) | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | Nguyễn (by marriage) | ||||||||
| Father | Vũ Xuân Cẩn | ||||||||
| Mother | Lady Trần | ||||||||
She was a daughter of Vũ Xuân Cẩn. She had no child with Tự Đức, and adopted Dục Đức. After Tự Đức's death, she was granted the title Empress Khiêm (Vietnamese: Khiêm Hoàng hậu), and elevated to the position of one of the "Tam Cung" (三宮) together with Từ Dụ and Học phi.[2]
Tôn Thất Thuyết decided to launch the Cần Vương movement against French colonists. "Tam Cung" fled to Tomb of Tự Đức together with Emperor Hàm Nghi. Thuyết decided to take them to a mountain base at Tân Sở, and then went to China to hide and seek reinforcements.[3] "Tam Cung" refused, and came back to Huế.[1]
She was granted the title Empress Dowager Trang Ý (Vietnamese: Trang Ý hoàng thái hậu) by Đồng Khánh in 1887, and elevated to Grand Empress Dowager Trang Ý (Vietnamese: Trang Ý thái hoàng thái hậu) by Thành Thái in 1889. She died in 1903, and was given the posthumous name Empress Lệ Thiên.
References
- Việt Nam sử lược, Quyển 2, Cận kim thời đại, Chương 14
- Chapuis, p. 15.
- Chapuis, pp. 18, 22.
- Chapuis, Oscar (2000). The Last Emperors of Vietnam: from Tu Duc to Bao Dai. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-31170-6.