Treaty of Purandar (1665)

The Treaty of Purandar (or पुरंदर चा तह) was signed on June 11, 1665, between the Rajput ruler Jai Singh I, who was commander of the Mughal Empire, and Maratha Shivaji. Shivaji was forced to sign the agreement after Jai Singh besieged Purandar fort. When Shivaji realised that war with the Mughal Empire would only cause damage to the empire and that his men would suffer heavy losses, he chose to make a treaty instead of leaving his men under the Mughals.

Jai Singh I of Amber receiving Shivaji a day before concluding the Treaty of Purandar (12 June 1665).

Following are the main points of the treaty:

1. Shivaji kept twelve forts, along with an area worth an income of 100,000 (1 lakh) huns.
2. Shivaji was required to help the Mughals whenever and wherever required.
3. Shivaji's son Sambhaji was tasked with the command of a 5,000-strong force under the Mughals.
4. If Shivaji wanted to claim the Konkan area under Bijapur's control, he would have to pay 4 million (40 lakh) hons to the Mughals.
5. He had to give up his forts at Purandar, Rudramal, Kondana, Karnala, Lohagad, Isagad, Tung, Tikona, Rohida fort, Nardurga, Mahuli, Bhandardurga, Palaskhol, Rupgad, Bakhtgad, Morabkhan, Manikgad (Raigad), Saroopgad, Sagargad, Marakgad, Ankola, Songad, and Mangad.

Along with these requirements, Shivaji agreed to visit Agra to meet Aurangzeb for further political talks.

References

1. Stewart, S. (1993), Gordan Stewart (ed.), The Marathas 1600-1818 (vol 2) Pg No. 73-74., Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521268837.
2. John Murray, S. (1841), Mountstuart Elphinstone (ed.), The History of India (Vol. 2) Pg No. 475-476..