Tugulu Group

The Tugulu Group (simplified Chinese: 吐谷鲁群; traditional Chinese: 吐谷魯群; pinyin: Tǔgǔlǔ Qún) is a geological Group in Xinjiang, China whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1][2][3]

Tugulu Group Stratigraphic range: Early Cretaceous
Type	Group
Sub-units	Qingshuihe, Hutubihe, Shengjinkou & Lianmuqin Formations
Underlies	Donggou & Kumutake Formations
Overlies	Kalaza Formation
Thickness	150–1,640 m (490–5,380 ft)
Location
Region	Xinjiang
Country	China
Extent	Junggar Basin

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaurs

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Dinosaurs
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Asiatosaurus[4]	A. mongoliensis[4]					Wuerhosaurus Xiyunykus
Kelmayisaurus[4][5]	K. petrolicus[4]			"Maxilla and dentary."[6]
Xinjiangovenator	X. parvus			"Tibia [and] phalanges."[7]	Formerly thought to be a representative of Phaedrolosaurus ilikensis.[4]
Phaedrolosaurus	P. ilikensis			"tooth"[8]
Psittacosaurus[4]	P. xinjiangensis[4]				An early ceratopsian
Tugulusaurus[4]	T. faciles[4]			"Hindlimb, rib, [and a] vertebral centrum."[9]
Xiyunykus	X. pengi			"Partial skeleton"[10]
Wuerhosaurus[4]	W. homheni[4]			"Partial skeleton."[11]	A stegosaur
Unnamed ornithomimosaur[12]				"manus claw and various closely associated caudal vertebrae"	The first ornithomimosaur known from the Junggar Basin.

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Dsungaripterus	D. weii[13]				A dsungaripterid	Dsungaripterus(top) and Noripterus (bottom)
Noripterus	N. complicidens[14]				A dsungaripterid
Lonchognathosaurus	L. acutirostris[14]				Possible junior synonym of Dsungaripterus weii.[15]

Crurotarsans

Name	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Edentosuchus	E. tienshanensis[16]				A crocodyliform

References

1. Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Early Cretaceous, Asia)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 563-570. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
2. Lucas, Spencer G, Chinese Fossil vertebrates, Pp. 158-159, New York, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-08483-8.
3. Lucas, S.G. (2001). Chinese Fossil Vertebrates. Columbia University Press. p. 158. ISBN 9780231084833. Retrieved 2015-05-17.
4. "48.5 Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, People's Republic of China; 1. Tugulu Group," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 567.
5. http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app56/app20100125_acc.pdf
6. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.
7. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.
8. Z.-M. Dong. (1973). [Dinosaurs from Wuerho]. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academic Sinica 11:45-52. [Chinese]
9. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 77.
10. Xu, Xing; Choiniere, Jonah; Tan, Qingwei; Benson, Roger B.J; Clark, James; Sullivan, Corwin; Zhao, Qi; Han, Fenglu; Ma, Qingyu; He, Yiming; Wang, Shuo; Xing, Hai; Tan, Lin (2018). "Two Early Cretaceous Fossils Document Transitional Stages in Alvarezsaurian Dinosaur Evolution". Current Biology. 28 (17): 2853–2860.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.057. PMID 30146153.
11. "Table 16.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 345.
12. Xing, Lida; Scott Persons IV, W.; Lautenschlager, Stephan; Wang, Donghao; Niu, Kecheng (2020-12-29). "The first record of an ornithomimosaur from the Cretaceous Tugulu Group of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China". Cretaceous Research: 104740. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104740. ISSN 0195-6671.
13. "Re: The timing of stegosaur extinction". dml.cmnh.org. Retrieved 2015-05-17.
14. Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.
15. Andres, B.; Clark, J. M.; Xing, X. (2010). "A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (1): 163–187. doi:10.1080/02724630903409220. S2CID 53688256.
16. http://www.paleoglot.org/files/Li_85a.pdf

Bibliography

• Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

[[Category:Geologic formations of China