Wing Luke

Wing Chong Luke (February 25, 1925 – May 16, 1965; Chinese: 陸榮昌; pinyin: Lù Róngchāng; Jyutping: Luk6 Wing4coeng1) was a Chinese-American politician who served as Assistant Attorney General of the U.S. state of Washington in the Civil Rights Division from 1957 to 1962, and a member of the Seattle City Council from 1962 until his death in 1965. He was the first Asian American to hold elected office in the state.

Wing Luke
Chinese: 陸榮昌; pinyin: Lù Róngchāng; Jyutping: Luk6 Wing4coeng1
Wing Luke in kitchen, circa 1963
Assistant Attorney General of Washington
In office
1957–1962
Member of the Seattle City Council for position 5
In office
March 13, 1962 – May 16, 1965
Personal details
Born(1925-02-25)February 25, 1925
Near Canton, China
DiedMay 16, 1965(1965-05-16) (aged 40)
Snohomish County, Washington, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic[1]
Alma materUniversity of Washington,
Seattle
University of Washington School of Law, Seattle

Early life

Luke was born on February 25, 1925, in a small town near Canton. His grandfather had run a laundry in Seattle, but exclusion laws forced Luke's father to return to China.[2] When Luke was five, his family moved to the United States, but he did not settle in Seattle until 1931, at the age of six.[2] Upon its arrival in Seattle, the family saved to open a modest laundry and grocery store in the University District.[3] Luke was the oldest of six children.[4]

While in school, Luke was often teased for his Chinese origins. However, he eventually became the Roosevelt High School student body president. In 1944, his grades and civic activities earned him one of nine slots, as a high school consultant for the White House Conference on juvenile problems.[5]

Education and career

Only halfway through his senior year of high school, Luke was inducted into the U.S. Army. Initially in the Army Specialized Training Program, he then joined the infantry and field artillery and was acting first sergeant and regimental S-1 sergeant in the 40th division Field Artillery. He served in Guam, Korea, New Guinea, New Britain and the Philippines, where he received the Bronze Star Medal and six combat stars.[3][6]

Following his service, Luke entered the University of Washington. As in high school, Luke was a prominent leader. He was President of his sophomore class, the U.W. YMCA, the Baptist-Disciples' Student Center, the U.W. Red Cross, U.W. Young Democrats, and the committee chairman of A.S.U.W. Publications. He graduated from the university with a B.A. in political science and public administration. He did graduate work in the same fields at the American University in Washington, D.C. He then attended the UW School of Law to earn an LL.B.[3][4]

Initially in private practice, he soon was appointed the Assistant Attorney General of the State of Washington, in the Civil Rights Division and served in that capacity from 1957 to 1962.[3][6] In December, 1961 Luke took a leave of absence from his duties to file for position number 5 on the Seattle City Council. Running on the slogan "You are not electing a platform, but a Councilman," Luke maintained a pragmatic position on the issues.[6] Despite having to defend against criticism of "fence sitting," accusations of communism, and racial slurs, Luke won the council seat with a landslide of 30,000 votes and was sworn in on March 13, 1962. He became the first Asian American to hold elected office in the Pacific Northwest as well as the first person of color to hold a Seattle City Council seat.[5]

Death and legacy

On May 16, 1965, Luke was killed in a plane crash with two others on Merchant Peak in Snohomish County, while returning from a fishing trip in Okanogan County. The wreckage was not found in the Cascade Mountains for more than three years.[3]

Luke is the namesake of multiple institutions. Friends and other supporters of Luke who raised money to search for him started the Wing Luke Memorial Foundation.[6] The money went to the founding of the Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience in 1966 to fulfill his vision of a place to present the histories and cultures of Asian immigrants and present-day issues of Asian Americans. The museum remains located in Seattle Chinatown-International District.[4][5] The Seattle school South Van Asselt School was renamed the Wing Luke Elementary School in 1969.[7] In 2015, the Washington State Attorney General's office created the Wing Luke Civil Rights Unit to investigate issues related to discrimination and civil rights.[8]

Politician Gary Locke has named Luke as an inspiration.[2]

Views

Luke saw many of his contemporaries forced to live in racialized pockets of Seattle like Beacon Hill (largely Asian Americans) and the Central District (largely African Americans), and felt strongly that the ability to decide where one lived should be a basic right of all citizens. Having firsthand awareness of the effects of racial discrimination, Luke was instrumental in Seattle's passing of an Open Housing Ordinance in 1963 with punitive provisions against racial discrimination in the selling or renting of real estate.[6] He also fought for civil rights, Indian fishing rights, urban renewal and historic preservation. Luke was particularly concerned with the preservation of Seattle's Central Waterfront, Pioneer Square, and Pike Place Market.[2][5] He was affiliated with several community organizations, including the Urban League, Chinese Community Service Organization, Japanese American Citizens League, and the Jackson Street Community Council.[3][4]

See also

References
  1. https://www.historylink.org/File/2047
  2. Stripling, Sherry (February 25, 2005). "Wing Luke: the man behind the museum". Seattle Times. The Seattle Times Company. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
  3. "Luke, Wing (1925-1965)". HistoryLink.org. Seattle, WA: HistoryLink. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
  4. Ramirez, Marc (May 25, 2008). "Wing Luke's vision lives in new museum". Seattle Times. The Seattle Times Company. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
  5. "About Us". Learn. Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
  6. McKowen, Ken; McKowen, Dahlynn (2009). "The Wing Luke Asian Museum". Best of Oregon and Washington's Mansions, Museums, and More: A Behind-the-Scenes Guide to the Pacific Northwest's Historical and Cultural Treasures. Wilderness Press. pp. 261–262. ISBN 9780899974873.
  7. "Seattle Public Schools, 1862-2000: Wing Luke Elementary School". HistoryLink.org. Seattle, WA: HistoryLink. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
  8. O'Sullivan, Joseph (September 18, 2015). "New civil rights unit formed in AG's office". Seattle Times. The Seattle Times Company. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
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