Zoigê Marsh

The Zoigê Marsh (Chinese: 若尔盖湿地; pinyin: Ruòěrgài Shīdì), also known as the Ruoergai Marsh or the Songpan Grasslands, is located in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau and forms the largest high-altitude marsh area in the world.[2]

Designations
Official nameSichuan Ruoergai Wetland National Nature Reserve
Designated2 February 2008
Reference no.1731[1]
The peat bog landscape alongside the Yellow River

Location

The marsh areas are mainly located in northern Sichuan Province, but extend into southern Gansu and southeastern Qinghai.[3] The marshes are formed in a region of poor drainage that is located between the watersheds of the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers. The marshes are located at an altitude of about 3,600 meters above sea level and cover an area of about 2,600 square kilometers.[3] To east, they are bordered by the Min Mountains and to the west by the Amne Machin mountain range.[3]

Geology

The marshes can be divided into four geomorphological regions: the Zoigê plateau plain, the Hong Yuan plateau mound, the A Ba plateau mountain, and the Songpan-Lixan Alp.[2] The soil of the marshes contains a layer of peat that is about 2 to 3 meters thick in most places, but can reach up to 7 meters in thickness.[3]

History
Yak graze on the Zoigê Grassland.

The Long March passed through the Zoigê Marsh in August 1935. The marshes were partially drained for grazing of cattle, sheep, and horses in the 1970s.[3] This involved digging 200 km of ditches to drain 1,400 km2 of marshland. The project continued until the 1990s and exacerbated desertification problems.[4] Herders reported that gold miners have also used cloud-seeding cannons to prevent rainfall, which has caused die-offs in vegetation.[4]

In 1994, a nature preserve was established in the marshes. From 2010, community efforts to replant local grasses have been underway, with light grazing by yak allowed, so that the animals can tread the seeds down and stimulate regrowth.[4]

References
  1. "Sichuan Ruoergai Wetland National Nature Reserve". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  2. Shuang Xiang, Ruqing Guo, Ning Wu, Shucun Sun, Current status and future prospects of Zoige Marsh in Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Ecological Engineering 35: 553-562
  3. Britannica Educational Publishing, Lakes and Wetlands, The Rosen Publishing Group, 2011
  4. Feng, Hao (14 September 2017). "Yaks unleashed in fight against desertification". China Dialogue. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
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