Ōtsuki, Kōchi

Ōtsuki (大月町, Ōtsuki-chō) is a town in the Hata District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is located approximately 184 km away from downtown Kōchi in the southwestern corner of the prefecture.[1]

This article is about to the town in Kōchi Prefecture. For the city in Yamanashi Prefecture, see Ōtsuki, Yamanashi.
Ōtsuki

大月町
Town
A view of Otsuki's windmills from the top of Fureai Park
Flag
Seal
Location of Ōtsuki in Kōchi Prefecture
Ōtsuki
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 32°50′29″N 132°42′25″E
CountryJapan
RegionShikoku
PrefectureKōchi Prefecture
DistrictHata
Government
 • MayorJunichi Okada
Area
 • Total103.03 km2 (39.78 sq mi)
Population
 (August 1, 2014)
 • Total5,719
 • Density55.5/km2 (144/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+09:00 (JST)
City hall address2230 Hiromi, Ōtsuki-chō, Hata-gun, Kōchi-ken
788-0302
Websitehttp://www.town.otsuki.kochi.jp/
Symbols
BirdOmizunagidori (Calonectris leucomelas)
FlowerCrinum (Crinum asiaticum)
TreeUbamegashi (Quercus phillyraeoides)

Ōtsuki has an economy based on developed agriculture, forestry and fishing industries, and the town has invested in renewable energy resources with 12 wind-powered generators installed on Mount Mukuri, with an additional bank of generators on Mount Ōhora scheduled for completion in 2015.[2]

Etymology

"Ōtsuki" literally means "large moon". The name comes from the first characters of the town of Ōuchi (大内町, Ōuchi-chō) and the village of Tsukinada (月灘村, Tsukinada-son) when they merged as Ōtsuki on February 11, 1957.

History

Signs of human presence, including stone knives and tools, date back as far as 20,000 years ago. In more recent years, granite blocks cut from stones in the Kashira Tsudoi (頭集い) area of town were shipped from Otsuki and used in the construction of Osaka Castle (大阪城) and Nagoya Castle (名古屋城), in 1585 and 1610 respectively.[3]

One of the town's most unusual traditions, an event called the Mizu Abise (水浴びせ), has its roots in the year 1662. A massive fire occurred in the fishing village of Komame (古満目), and to prevent a similar catastrophe from reoccurring, a ritual to be carried out each new year was prescribed.[4] In the modern day, this ritual is carried out every year on January 2, and includes elders making offerings at several locations in the village while young men sit waiting outside wearing only simple yukatas. When the elders come out, they douse the young men with bucket after bucket of cold sea water, and the procession moves on to the next location of prayer. After 2 to 3 hours of enduring the cold and making prayers to ward off disaster, the event comes to a close as families prepare warm baths to reinvigorate the freezing participants.

The town of Otsuki itself came to be known as Ōtsuki on February 11, 1957 after the union of Ōuchi (大内町, Ōuchi-chō) and Tsukinada (月灘村, Tsukinada-son).

Demographics
A graph of Ōtsuki's gender distribution by age (Basic Resident Registration results from October 1, 2006).[5]

The Ōtsuki Town Hall displays its demographics on its homepage. These statistics are updated bi-monthly. The population of Ōtsuki peaked at 13,688 in 1960, and has seen a steady yearly decline since.[5] Ōtsuki has issues with rural flight and population decline, much like other parts of rural Japan.[6][7] As can be seen in the graph provided, the majority of residents in Ōtsuki were between 45 and 84 years of age in 2006.

As of August 2014, Ōtsuki contains 2,785 households, with an overall estimated population of 5,719, and a gender ratio of 1.11 females to each male.[6]

Geography

Ōtsuki covers an area of 103.03 km2, with approximately 70% of this area being heavily wooded mountain forests. Ōtsuki is bordered by Sukumo to the north and Tosashimizu to the east, and faces the Pacific Ocean to the south. The Bungo Channel, which separates Kyushu and Shikoku, runs along the west of Ōtsuki, while the Kuroshio Current brushes up against its south shores.[2] To its south, Ōtsuki has a small collection of islands, including Kashiwajima, Okinojima, and Ugurushima.[8]

Seismicity

Otsuki, along with the coastline along Kochi prefecture, is close to the Nankai Trough, and experiences seismic activity related to the Nankai megathrust earthquakes. These earthquakes typically result in landslides, flooding, and tsunamis, in addition to damage from seismic activity.[9] These earthquakes occur approximately 100–200 years apart, with the most recent earthquake occurring in 1946.[10]

Transportation
Railway Lines
Roads
  • Route 321, also known as Sunny Road (サニーロード) is the main road that connects Ōtsuki to Tosashimizu to the east and Sukumo to the north.
Roadside Station
  • Ōtsuki Fureai Park is the town's roadside station. In addition to public bathrooms and parking, and having a bus-stop out front, the station sells local wares and produce, and the restaurant on the second floor offers a wide variety of delicious foods using local ingredients. Developed right in Otsuki, the Ichigōri (苺氷り) available on the first floor is a must-try delicacy for any sweets lover.

Education

Ōtsuki formerly had nine elementary schools, which were consolidated into one school in 2009, and five middle schools, which were consolidated into one in 2001.[11] Ōtsuki additionally had a Sukumo High School campus in town, however it closed as of April 2014.[12]

Ōtsuki has three nursery schools located in Hiromi, Kashiwajima, and Himenoi. [13]

Beaches and diving
Kashiwajima Island
Kashiwajima Island
  • Tourists come to Kashiwajima Island (柏島) to scuba dive. Around 1,000 different kinds of fish, both temperate and tropical, can be found in the waters around Kashiwajima. The island is even said to have one of the world's largest concentrations of reef-building corals. To date, 123 different types of coral have been confirmed within Ōtsuki.[14] Kashiwajima Island can be reached by car.
Kashiwajima Shirahama Beach
  • A small yet beautiful white sand beach (白浜) off the road just before Kashiwajima Island. People gather here to sunbathe, BBQ, and swim in the clear water. Thanks to its location, shielded from colder Pacific currents by both the mainland and Kashiwajima Island, the water remains substantially warmer than other beaches along the Pacific Ocean side.
Ryugahama Campgrounds
Ryugahama Campgrounds (竜ヶ浜キャンプ場), as seen from the entrance.
  • Ryugahama Campgrounds (竜ヶ浜キャンプ場) is a campgrounds near Kashiwajima Island. Although the coast is a stone beach unsuitable for sunbathing, the main attraction is snorkeling in the inlet. There are many types of coral and varieties of fish in very close proximity to the shore. In addition to rental campsites and camp gear, rental snorkeling equipment and other items are available for a reasonable price. The cooking facility has a brick pizza oven in addition to the standard cooking fire enclosures.[15]
Hotel Bellreef Otsuki and Ecology Camp

Places of interest
Monkey Park
  • The Monkey Park (お猿公園), overlooking the beautiful Ōdō Kaigan, is open year-round. The monkeys are friendly, but care should always be taken when feeding them. Feed is available for \200, and the park is closed on Mondays. When Monday is a holiday, the park is instead closed on the next regular weekday.[18]
Kannon Rock
  • A rock that stands 30 meters high above the deep blue ocean and resembles the image of the goddess Kannon. In 1638, during the revolt of Shimabara, it is said that a man named Amenomori Kudayu was sent to quell the uprest but was injured in battle and retreated with his men by ship. His condition deteriorated, and while there were no lighthouses at the time, it is said that the crew headed towards a light that was coming from Kashiwajima. When the ship approached Kannon Rock, Kudayu died from his wounds, and at that moment a beam of light radiated from Kannon Rock. Since then, the rock has been thought to be sacred.[19]
Oman's Waterfall
  • Along the same hiking trail that passes by Kannon Rock is a cliff called Oman Taki. Despite being called a waterfall, there is no running water; locals use the word "taki" (滝, literally "waterfall") to mean "cliff". There once was a beautiful blind woman named Oman who fell in love with a man whose job it was to protect the island (most likely a samurai of higher social class). Oman thought of this man's job as an important role and somewhat became obsessed with him, but when she realized this love could never be, she decided to throw herself from the edge of this cliff and plummeted to her death approximately 120 m to the ocean below. The exact date is unknown, but eventually the cliff came to be known as Oman's Waterfall in memory of this tragic story.[20][21]
Tsukiyama Shrine
  • Tsukiyama Shrine, which has a thousand years of history, is located on Mt. Moritsuki. It is believed to have been a shrine where Kūkai performed ascetic practices. As a former center of Shugendō training, it is visited by a great number of people from all over the country. The coastal area near a temple called "Ōtsukinada" used to be famous for pink corals, and it is believed to be the first place where corals were gathered for living. In recent years parties of pilgrims have been using well-paved roads. However, the local people founded a group called the Association for the Preservation of the Pilgrimage Route to restore such routes to their original state for the first time in 40 years. The routes run through mountains and seacoasts.[22]

References
  1. 大月町史編纂委員会 (March 28, 1995), p.3
  2. 大月町の概要 Archived 2012-05-08 at WebCite (June 22, 2009)
  3. 大月町史. 大月町. 1995. pp. 1372, 1373.
  4. 大月町史. 大月町. 1995. p. 1376.
  5. Ōtsuki — Clear Serenity: The 50th Anniversary of Ōtsuki, Ōtsuki Town Handbook 2007, February 2007, p. 30
  6. 統計情報-人口推移
  7. Rural life’s slow death
  8. 自然と人のふれあい
  9. 防災情報
  10. Cummins, P.R.; Hori, T.; Kaneda, Y. "Splay fault and megathrust earthquake slip in the Nankai Trough" (PDF). Earth Planets Space. 53: 243–248. Retrieved 2014-09-30.
  11. 学校教育"
  12. 高知県県立高校通学支援奨学金貸与条例の一部を改正する条例議案に係る意見聴取に関する議案
  13. 児童福祉
  14. "Otsuki — Clear Serenity: The 50th Anniversary of Ōtsuki" Ōtsuki Town Handbook 2007, February 2007, p. 2
  15. 竜ヶ浜キャンプ場 - Ryugahama Campgrounds (August 7, 2013)
  16. ホテルベルリーフ大月 - Hotel Bellreef Otsuki (August 7, 2013)
  17. 大月エコロジーキャンプ場 - Otsuki Ecology Camp (August 7, 2013)
  18. 大月町公式ホームページ・お猿公園（大堂） (August 7, 2013)
  19. Town of Ōtsuki — Kannon Rock (June 17, 2009).
  20. 高知県大月町 柏島・大堂海岸の紹介 (July 1, 2009).
  21. "～ようこそ！黒潮踊る大月町～" 大月町役場産業振興課　－　観光情報の請求があって送信した原稿、（直）0880-73-1115.
  22. "Otsuki — Clear Serenity: The 50th Anniversary of Ōtsuki" Ōtsuki Town Handbook 2007, February 2007, p. 15
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