100 Peaks of Taiwan

The Baiyue (Mandarin:台灣百嶽; Pīnyīn: Táiwān bǎiyuè) is a list of one hundred mountains in Taiwan. They were chosen by a group of prominent Taiwanese hikers from mountains known at the time to be over 3,000 meters in height. The selection criteria included uniqueness, danger, height, beauty and prominence. Preference was also given to peaks already named and those with triangulation points.[1][2] As such, "Top" does not refer strictly to the highest peaks by elevation, but rather peaks most worth hiking. The list was intended to promote enthusiasm for high-altitude hiking in Taiwan.[3] In the resulting list of one hundred peaks, 69 peaks were in the Central Mountain Range, the largest of Taiwan's five principal mountain ranges, while 19 were in the Xueshan Range, and 12 were in the Yushan Range.[4] The Alishan Range and Coastal Mountain Range, being below 3,000m, have no peaks in the list of Baiyue.

History

Taiwan has one of the highest densities of tall mountains in the world. To promote mountain hiking, the Taiwan Province Alpine Association began developing a list of top 100 peaks for Taiwan. Wen-An Lin, after a 1971 crossing of the Central Mountain Range, set about drawing up the list. After extensive consultation with Ching-Chang Tsai, Tian-Cheng Hsing, Tung-San Ting and other prominent hikers of the day, the list of Baiyue was finalized.[1]

Upon completion of the list, hiking the Baiyue immediately became one of the primary goals of avid hikers in Taiwan.[1][2][5][6][7] Finishing the Baiyue is no easy task, however. For aspiring Baiyue hikers, the Five Mountains, Three Peaks, and One Miracle 五嶽三尖一奇, whose unique beauty best represents the grandeur of Taiwan's high mountains, became a popular starting point. Other popular sets of peaks include the Harsh Ten and Four Beauties 十峻四秀. Many begin with the more easily accessible peaks in the Hehuanshan area.

There are actually over 260 mountains over 3,000 meters in Taiwan, many of which were not listed in the Baiyue, but nonetheless impressive. Therefore, some criticism remains over the inclusion of certain mountains on the list, and the exclusion of others, such as Chushan in the Dongjunshan Chain, and Mutelebushan near Xueshan's North Peak. Some have argued that these peaks should be in the Baiyue, while peaks such as Jupenshan, Lushan, Nanhubeishan, Shenmazhenshan, Jianshan, and Bulakesangshan, should be taken off the list. Also, when resurveying was carried out long after the Baiyue list was completed, it was found that Liushunshan and Lushan were under 3,000m. However, as the Baiyue already enjoyed such widespread acceptance, they were not removed from the list and remain there to this day.

Complete listing of Baiyue

The following is a complete listing of the 100 Taiwanese mountain peaks commonly known as the Baiyue:

#
Mountain
[8]

Elevation
[8]
DifficultyLocationNational park
located in
ListPictures
1Yushan[lower-roman 1]3952 m
12966 ft
ANantou County, Kaohsiung City, Chiayi CountyYushanFive Mountains #1[lower-alpha 1]
Three Peaks #1[lower-alpha 2]
2Xueshan[lower-roman 2]3886 m
12749 ft
AMiaoli County, Taichung CityShei-PaFive Mountains #2[lower-alpha 1]
High Three #2[lower-alpha 2]
3Yushan East Peak3869 m
12694 ft
C+Nantou County, Kaohsiung CityYushanHarsh Ten #1[lower-alpha 3]
4Yushan North Peak3858 m
12657 ft
BNantou CountyYushanEight Beauties #1[lower-alpha 4]
5Yushan South Peak3844 m
12612 ft
C+Kaohsiung CityYushanHarsh Ten #2[lower-alpha 3]
6Xiuguluanshan[lower-roman 3]3825 m
12549 ft
BHualien County, Nantou CountyYushanFive Mountains #3[lower-alpha 1]
7Mabolasishan[lower-roman 4]3785 m
12418 ft
C+ Hualien County, Nantou CountyYushanHarsh Ten #3[lower-alpha 3]
8Nanhudashan3742 m
12277 ft
BTaichung CityTarokoFive Mountains #4[lower-alpha 1]
9Dongxiaonanshan3711 m
12175 ft
CKaohsiung CityYushanLevel Nine #1[lower-alpha 5]
10Central Range Point3705 m
12156 ft
C+ Taichung City, Hualien CountyTarokoThree Peaks #1[lower-alpha 6]
11Xueshan North Peak[lower-roman 5]3703 m
12149 ft
C+ Miaoli County, Taichung CityShei-PaGentle Ten #2[lower-alpha 7]
12Guanshan[lower-roman 6]3668 m
12034 ft
CTaitung County, Kaohsiung CityYushanHarsh Ten #4[lower-alpha 3]
13Dashuikushan3642 m
11949 ft
BHualien County, Nantou CountyYushanGentle Ten #1[lower-alpha 7]
14Nanhushan East Peak[lower-roman 7]3632 m
11916 ft
BTaichung City, Hualien County, Yilan CountyTarokoRocky Ten #1[lower-alpha 8]
15Dongjundashan[lower-roman 8]3619 m
11873 ft
C+ Nantou CountyMajestic Ten #1[lower-alpha 9]
16Qilaishan North Peak3607 m
11834 ft
BHualien CountyTarokoHarsh Ten #5[lower-alpha 3]
Ominous One[lower-alpha 10]
17Xiangyangshan[lower-roman 9]3603 m
11821 ft
AKaohsiung City, Taitung CountyYushanEight Beauties #2[lower-alpha 4]
18Dajianshan[lower-roman 10]3594 m
11791 ft
BTaichung CityShei-PaHarsh Ten #6[lower-alpha 3]
19Yunfeng[lower-roman 11]3564 m
11693 ft
CKaohsiung CityYushanLofty Nine #1[lower-alpha 11]
20Qilaishan[lower-roman 12]3560 m
11680 ft
BHualien County, Nantou CountyTarokoLofty Nine #2[lower-alpha 11]
21Malijiananshan[lower-roman 13]3546 m
11634 ft
C+ Nantou County, Hualien CountyYushanRocky Ten #2[lower-alpha 8]
22Nanhubeishan[lower-roman 14]3536 m
11601 ft
BYilan County, Taichung CityTarokoMajestic Ten #2[lower-alpha 9]
23Daxueshan3530 m
11581 ft
CMiaoli County, Taichung CityShei-PaMajestic Ten #3[lower-alpha 9]
24Pintianshan[lower-roman 15]3524 m
11562 ft
BHsinchu County, Taichung CityShei-PaHarsh Ten #7[lower-alpha 3]
Four Beauties #1[lower-alpha 12]
25Yushan West Peak[lower-roman 16]3518 m
11542 ft
AChiayi County, Nantou CountyYushanVerdant Ten #4[lower-alpha 13]
26Touyingshan3510 m
11516 ft
CTaichung City, Miaoli CountyShei-PaLofty Nine #3[lower-alpha 11]
27Sanchashan[lower-roman 17]3496 m
11470 ft
AHualien County, Taitung County, Kaohsiung CityYushanMajestic Ten #3[lower-alpha 9]
28Dabajianshan[lower-roman 18]3492 m
11457 ft
AHsinchu County, Miaoli CountyShei-PaThree Peaks #2[lower-alpha 6]
29Nanhushan South Peak3475 m
11401 ft
CTaichung City, Hualien CountyTarokoRocky Ten #5[lower-alpha 8]
30Dongluandashan3468 m
11378 ft
C+ Nantou CountyEight Beauties #3[lower-alpha 4]
31Wumingshan[lower-roman 19]3451 m
11322 ft
C+ Taichung City, Hualien CountyTarokoHarsh Ten #8[lower-alpha 3]
32Babashan[lower-roman 20]3449 m
11316 ft
CTaichung City, Hualien CountyTarokoLittle Eight #1[lower-alpha 14]
33Maxishan[lower-roman 21]3443 m
11296 ft
C+ Hualien CountyYushanMajestic Ten #5[lower-alpha 9]
34Hehuanshan North Peak3422 m
11227 ft
ANantou County, Hualien CountyTarokoMajestic Ten #6[lower-alpha 9]
35Hehuanshan East Peak3421 m
11224 ft
ANantou County, Hualien CountyTarokoLofty Nine #4[lower-alpha 11]
36Xiaobajianshan3418 m
11214 ft
BMiaoli CountyShei-PaCraggy Eight #2[lower-alpha 15]
37Hehuanshan Main Peak3417 m
11211 ft
ANantou CountyTarokoGentle Ten #3[lower-alpha 7]
38South Yushan3383 m
11099 ft
CKaohsiung CityYushanGentle Ten #4[lower-alpha 7]
39Bilushan[lower-roman 22]3371 m
11060 ft
AHualien County, Nantou CountyTarokoNarrow Eight #3[lower-alpha 16]
40Zhuoshedashan3369 m
11053 ft
CNantou CountyLofty Nine #5[lower-alpha 11]
41Qilaishan South Peak3358 m
11017 ft
ANantou CountyMajestic Ten #7[lower-alpha 9]
42Nanshuangtoushan3356 m
11010 ft
CHualien County, Kaohsiung CityYushanLofty Nine #6[lower-alpha 11]
43Nenggaoshan South Peak3349 m
10988 ft
CNantou County, Hualien CountyHarsh Ten #9[lower-alpha 3]
44Zhijiayangdashan3345 m
10974 ft
ATaichung CityShei-PaEight Beauties #4[lower-alpha 4]
45Baigudashan[lower-roman 23]3342 m
10965 ft
BNantou County, Taichung CityVerdant Ten #7[lower-alpha 13]
46Batongguanshan3335 m
10942 ft
ANantou CountyYushanCraggy Eight #3[lower-alpha 15]
47Xinkangshan[lower-roman 24]3331 m
10928 ft
CHualien CountyYushanHarsh Ten #10[lower-alpha 3]
48Dandashan3325 m
10909 ft
CNantou County, Hualien CountyNine Walls #3[lower-alpha 17]
49Taoshan3325 m
10909 ft
AHsinchu County, Taichung CityShei-PaEight Beauties #5[lower-alpha 4]
Four Beauties #2[lower-alpha 12]
50Jiayangshan[lower-roman 25]3314 m
10873 ft
BTaichung CityShei-PaCraggy Eight #4[lower-alpha 15]
51Huoshishan3310 m
10860 ft
CMiaoli County, Taichung CityShei-PaCraggy Eight #5[lower-alpha 15]
52Chiyoushan[lower-roman 26]3303 m
10837 ft
AHsinchu County, Taichung CityShei-PaSimple Six #1[lower-alpha 18]
Four Beauties #3[lower-alpha 12]
53Yizeshan[lower-roman 27]3297 m
10817 ft
AMiaoli County, Hsinchu CountyShei-PaSimple Six #2[lower-alpha 18]
54Beinanzhushan3295 m
10810 ft
CKaohsiung City, Taitung CountyMajestic Ten #8[lower-alpha 9]
55Ganzhuowanshan3284 m
10774 ft
CNantou CountyNarrow Eight #4[lower-alpha 16]
56Taroko Mountain3283 m
10771 ft
C+ Hualien CountyTarokoMajestic Ten #9[lower-alpha 9]
57Lulushan[lower-roman 28]3279 m
10758 ft
CKaohsiung CityYushanCraggy Eight #7[lower-alpha 15]
58Kaxipananshan3276 m
10748 ft
C+ Hualien CountyYushanRemote Nine #4[lower-alpha 19]
59Neilingershan3275 m
10745 ft
CHualien CountyMajestic Ten #10[lower-alpha 9]
60Lingmingshan3272 m
10735 ft
BTaichung City, Hualien CountyTarokoEight Beauties #6[lower-alpha 4]
61Jundashan3265 m
10712 ft
ANantou CountyYushanEight Beauties #7[lower-alpha 4]
62Nenggaoshan[lower-roman 29]3262 m
10702 ft
CNantou County, Hualien CountyLofty Nine #7[lower-alpha 11]
High Three #3[lower-alpha 2]
63Wandongshan West Peak[lower-roman 30]3258 m
10689 ft
CNantou CountyRemote Nine #5[lower-alpha 19]
64Jianshan[lower-roman 31]3253 m
10673 ft
CTaichung CityShei-PaNine Walls #5[lower-alpha 17]
65Pingfengshan3250 m
10663 ft
BHualien CountyTarokoNine Walls #6[lower-alpha 17]
66Xiaoguanshan3249 m
10659 ft
CKaohsiung City, Taitung CountyLofty Nine #8[lower-alpha 11]
67Yixiqingmazhishan3245 m
10646 ft
C+ Hualien County, Nantou CountySteep Seven #4[lower-alpha 20]
68Mushan[lower-roman 32]3241 m
10633 ft
CNantou CountySimple Six #5[lower-alpha 18]
69Yushan Front Peak3239 m
10627 ft
AChiayi County, Nantou CountyYushanSimple Six #5[lower-alpha 18]
70Shimenshan3237 m
10620 ft
AHualien County, Nantou CountyTarokoLittle Eight #2[lower-alpha 14]
71Wushuangshan[lower-roman 33]3231 m
10600 ft
C+ Nantou CountyNine Walls #7[lower-alpha 17]
72Taguanshan[lower-roman 34]3222 m
10571 ft
ATaitung County, Kaohsiung CityYushanSteep Seven #5[lower-alpha 20]
73Mabishanshan[lower-roman 35]3211 m
10535 ft
CYilan County, Hualien CountyTarokoLevel Nine #7[lower-alpha 5]
74Dafenjianshan[lower-roman 36]3208 m
10525 ft
CNantou County, Kaohsiung City, Hualien CountyYushanThree Peaks #3[lower-alpha 6]
75Xueshan East Peak[lower-roman 37]3201 m
10502 ft
ATaichung CityShei-PaLittle Eight #3[lower-alpha 14]
76Nanhuashan[lower-roman 38]3184 m
10446 ft
ANantou County, Hualien CountyNarrow Eight #6[lower-alpha 16]
77Guanshanlingshan3176 m
10420 ft
ATaitung County, Kaohsiung CityYushanNarrow Eight #7[lower-alpha 16]
78Hainuonanshan3174 m
10413 ft
CTaitung County, Kaohsiung CityGentle Ten #6[lower-alpha 7]
79Zhongxueshan3173 m
10410 ft
AMiaoli CountyShei-PaVerdant Ten #8[lower-alpha 13]
80Shuanshan3168 m
10394 ft
ATaichung CityTarokoEight Beauties #8[lower-alpha 4]
81Ganshufeng[lower-roman 39]3158 m
10361 ft
C+ Hualien County, Taichung CityTarokoLittle Eight #6[lower-alpha 14]
82Hehuanshan West Peak3145 m
10318 ft
ANantou CountyTarokoVerdant Ten #9[lower-alpha 13]
83Shenmazhenshan[lower-roman 40]3141 m
10305 ft
AYilan County, Taichung CityTarokoContiguous Six #1[lower-alpha 21]
84Kalayeshan[lower-roman 41]3133 m
10279 ft
AHsinchu County, Yilan CountyShei-PaContiguous Six #2[lower-alpha 21]
Four Beauties #4[lower-alpha 12]
85Kuhanuoxinshan3115 m
10220 ft
AKaohsiung CityYushanRemote Nine #8[lower-alpha 19]
86Jialishan[lower-roman 42]3112 m
10210 ft
AMiaoli CountyShei-PaContiguous Six #3[lower-alpha 21]
87Baishishan3110 m
10203 ft
CNantou County, Hualien CountySteep Seven #6[lower-alpha 20]
88Panshishan[lower-roman 43]3106 m
10190 ft
CHualien CountyTarokoRemote Nine #9[lower-alpha 19]
89Patuolushan3101 m
10174 ft
CHualien CountyTarokoGentle Ten #8[lower-alpha 7]
90Beidawushan[lower-roman 44]3092 m
10144 ft
APingtung County, Taitung CountyFive Mountains #5[lower-alpha 1]
91Xiluandashan[lower-roman 45]3081 m
10108 ft
ANantou CountySteep Seven #7[lower-alpha 20]
92Tafenshan3070 m
10072 ft
CHualien County, Kaohsiung CityYushanCraggy Eight #8[lower-alpha 15]
93Liwuzhushan[lower-roman 46]3069 m
10069 ft
CHualien CountyTarokoRocky Ten #9[lower-alpha 8]
94Andongjunshan[lower-roman 47]3068 m
10066 ft
CHualien County, Nantou CountyGentle Ten #9[lower-alpha 7]
95Guangtoushan[lower-roman 48]3060 m
10039 ft
CNantou County, Hualien CountyLevel Nine #8[lower-alpha 5]
96Yangtoushan3035 m
9957 ft
AHualien CountyTarokoNarrow Eight #8[lower-alpha 16]
97Bulakesangshan[lower-roman 49]3026 m
9928 ft
CTaitung County, Hualien CountyNine Walls #9[lower-alpha 17]
98Jupenshan[lower-roman 50]3022 m
9915 ft
C+ Nantou CountyYushanContiguous Six #4[lower-alpha 21]
99Liushunshan2999 m
9839 ft
BNantou County, Hualien CountyLevel Nine #9[lower-alpha 5]
100Lushan2981 m
9780 ft
CKaohsiung CityYushanContiguous Six #6[lower-alpha 21]

Notes

Designated lists

  1. The Five Mountains are the highest in their region, and they include famous mountains such as Yushan and Xueshan. They are a must for all Baiyue hikers.[9]
  2. During the Japanese rule in Taiwan, the three peaks had the character for "high" (高) in their name, which are rarely used today.
  3. The Harsh Ten are prominent, steep peaks not included in the Five Mountains, Three Peaks, and One Miracle.[9]
  4. The Eight Beauties were chosen for their beautiful landscapes, gentle slope, meadows of short bamboo and lack of rock scrambling.[9]
  5. The Level Nine are wide, flat peaks without large rocks or trees, only short bamboo. Comfortable, easy walking.[9][10]
  6. The Three Peaks are famous for their beauty and conical shape.[9]
  7. The Gentle Ten have an overall smooth profile, with gentle slopes and little climbing or scrambling needed.[9]
  8. The Rocky Ten have rocky peaks that require scrambling or climbing to summit.[9]
  9. The Majestic Ten were chosen for their size and prominence, wide peaks, gentle slope and serene nature.[9]
  10. Qilaishan North Peak, the Ominous One, is located along the northern end of the Central Mountain Range's central spine. The ascent is steep and difficult in parts, and the dark fragmented slate covering the western face has earned it the nickname "Black Qilai". Some sources spell Qilai "Chilai".
  11. The Lofty Nine are tall conspicuous peaks, catching the eye more than neighboring peaks.[9]
  12. The Four Beauties are also known as the Wuling Sixiu[11] due to their proximity to Wuling Farm. Each of these four peaks has its own unique characteristics. The "Four Beauties" initially chosen by Tian-Cheng Hsing were Chiyoushan, Taoshan, Shilunshan and Kalayeshan, while Pintianshan was listed as one of the Harsh Ten. However, since Shilunshan was not a Baiyue, hikers began recognizing Pintianshan as one of the Four Beauties instead.[12]
  13. The Verdant Ten have trails that wind through lush green forests of tall, twisting trees and bamboo.[9]
  14. The Little Eight are small peaks with gentle slopes that can be easily reached as part of a longer trip.[9]
  15. The Craggy Eight jut out from the surrounding terrain and are surrounded by cliffs and difficult terrain.[9]
  16. The Narrow Eight have long narrow ridgelines with cliffs or steep slopes on both sides.[9]
  17. These mountains rise up like a wall, wide and flat, blocking the view of a large area like a screen.[9]
  18. The Simple Six trails are offshoots from another main trail, short in distance and not very strenuous. They are easy side trips when hiking the parent trail.[9]
  19. The Remote Nine are on distant offshoots of their mountain range and are not easily combined with other peaks into a single journey.[9]
  20. Steep mountains with cliffs and loose rocks.[9]
  21. The Contiguous Six are near other high peaks, and can be reached along a ridge that extends down from the higher peak. They have fairly level trails, the peaks are named and there is some sort of survey marker.[9]

Alternative names and other remarks

  1. Formerly known as Niitakayama, Mt. Morrison; This mountain is the highest point of Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Chiayi County.
  2. Formerly known as Tsugitakayama, Mt. Sylvia; Highest point of Miaoli County, Taichung City.
  3. Other names: Mahuolasishan
  4. Other names: Wulamengshan
  5. Other names: Yuliyulishan
  6. Highest point of Taitung County
  7. Highest point of Yilan County
  8. Other names: Kayixishan
  9. Other names: Hongyeshan
  10. Other names: Baduowanuominshan
  11. Other names: Cloud Peak
  12. Other names: Qilaishan Main Peak
  13. Other names: Tabilashan
  14. Other names: Bayoushan
  15. Other names: Boqinxilunshan
  16. Other names: Tiancuifeng
  17. Other names: Xiaxueshashan
  18. Other names: Jiutongshan; Highest point of Hsinchu County
  19. Other names: Qusheshan, Gaotianshan
  20. Other names: Nanhunanshan
  21. Other names: Lagashan, Bainanshan
  22. Other names: Lagashan
  23. Other names: Baigoudashan
  24. Other names: Xinguanshan
  25. Other names: Adubanshan
  26. Other names: Yuluofushan
  27. Other names: Jiangzeshan
  28. Other names: Majiangzhizishan
  29. Formerly known as: Noutakayama
  30. Other names: Huoshan
  31. Other names: Xiaojianshan
  32. Other names: Ganzhuowanshan Southeast Peak
  33. Other names: Maxirouganshan
  34. Other names: Daguanshan
  35. Other names: Mameishan
  36. Other names: Jianshan
  37. Other names: Mingjianshan
  38. Other names: Nenggaoshan North Peak
  39. Other names: Central Range Point, Yam Peak
  40. Other names: Yezhenjialuosuishan
  41. Other names: Jialiupingshan
  42. Other names: Maibalabianshan
  43. Other names: Shanyuanshan
  44. Other names: Dawushan; Highest point in Pingtung County
  45. Other names: Luandashan
  46. Other names: Tacijilishan
  47. Other names: Andongjunshan
  48. Other names: Zhiyaganshan
  49. Other names: Wulagusanshan
  50. Other names: Yumabogeshan

References

  1. 臺灣百岳小史 (Short History of Taiwan's Baiyue), accessed 03 June 2015.]
  2. Lonely Planet; Robert Kelly; Chung Wah Chow (1 February 2014). Lonely Planet Taiwan. Lonely Planet Publications. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-74321-835-8.
  3. Yeh, Joseph (2011-01-31). "Fulfill your dreams while you are young, says daring hiker Lin Cheng-han". The China Post. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  4. 頁面歷史: 台灣百岳, National Park Mountaineering School (History: Taiwan's Baiyue), accessed 03 June 2015.
  5. Huang, Chao-kuo (2007-12-24). "Taiwanese Scales World's Peaks". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  6. Bartholomew, Ian (2001-08-19). "Taiwan's rivers offer vast potential for adventure". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  7. Bartholomew, Ian (2013-03-20). "Mountain lore". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  8. Chinese Taipei Alpine Association 百岳一覽表 Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 03 June 2015.
  9. 台灣山嶽導覽入門篇 by H領隊 Archived 2015-05-18 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 03 June 2015.
  10. 奇萊主峰濃霧積雪 救難人員舉步維艱, Eastern Daily News, accessed 03 June 2015.
  11. Taiwan's Most Spectacular Hiking Trails, Wanderlust travel magazine, accessed 03 June 2015.
  12. 第二世代台灣百嶽全集上冊,戶外生活圖書股份有限公司,陳遠見主編,2007年8月31日初版, ISBN 9789866994395.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.