14th Chess Olympiad

The 14th Chess Olympiad, organized by FIDE and comprising an open[1] team tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between October 26 and November 9, 1960, in Leipzig, East Germany.

The official poster of the Olympiad

The Soviet team with six grandmasters, led by world champion Mikhail Tal, lived up to expectations and won their fifth consecutive gold medals, with the United States and Yugoslavia taking the silver and bronze, respectively. In a reversal of fortune from the previous Olympiad, the East German hosts finished 9th, right behind rivals West Germany. Unlike the last time, however, the match between the two was a tight affair that ended in a 2–2 draw.

Results

Preliminaries

A total of 40 teams entered the competition and were divided into four preliminary groups of 10 teams each. The top three from each group advanced to Final A, the teams placed 4th–6th to Final B, and the rest to Final C. All preliminary groups as well as Finals A and B were played as round-robin tournaments, while Final C with 16 teams was played as an 11-round Swiss system tournament.

Group 1 was won by the Bulgaria, ahead of Yugoslavia and the host nation. Norway, Finland, and Israel took the places 4–6, while Indonesia, France, Albania, and Malta finished at the bottom of the group.

The Soviet Union took first place in group 2, well ahead of Argentina and the Netherlands. Poland, Austria, and India made up the middle part of the group, while Portugal, the Philippines, Italy, and Monaco had to settle for the bottom.

Group 3 was won by England, ahead of Czechoslovakia and Hungary. The three Nordic nations Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland had to settle for Final B. Meanwhile, Mongolia, Tunisia, Greece, and Bolivia finished at the bottom of the group.

The United States clinched group 4, ahead of West Germany and Romania. Spain, Chile, and Cuba made up the middle part of the group, while Belgium, Ecuador, Ireland, and Lebanon completed the field.

• Group 1:

Final	Country	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10		+	−	=	Points
«A»	Bulgaria	-	2	2	3	3½	2½	3	3½	4	3½		7	0	2	27
«A»	Yugoslavia	2	-	2	2	3	2	3	4	4	4		5	0	4	26
«A»	East Germany	2	2	-	2½	3½	3	2	3	4	3		6	0	3	25
«B»	Norway	1	2	1½	-	1	2	2	4	3	4		3	3	3	20½
«B»	Finland	½	1	½	3	-	2½	2½	3	2½	4		6	3	0	19½
«B»	Israel	1½	2	1	2	1½	-	1½	2½	3	4		3	4	2	19
«C»	Indonesia	1	1	2	2	1½	2½	-	1½	3	4		3	4	2	18½
«C»	France	½	0	1	0	1	1½	2½	-	1	3½		2	7	0	11
«C»	Albania	0	0	0	1	1½	1	1	3	-	3		2	7	0	10½
«C»	Malta	½	0	1	0	0	0	0	½	1	-		0	9	0	3

• Group 2:

Final	Country	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10		+	−	=	Points
«A»	Soviet Union	-	3½	3	3½	3½	4	3½	3	4	4		9	0	0	32
«A»	Argentina	½	-	3½	3	1½	2	3½	3	4	4		6	2	1	25
«A»	Netherlands	1	½	-	1½	3½	2½	3½	3½	3½	4		6	3	0	23½
«B»	Poland	½	1	2½	-	2½	3½	3	3	2	3½		6	2	1	21½
«B»	Austria	½	2½	½	1½	-	3½	2	1	3½	4		4	4	1	19
«B»	India	0	2	1½	½	½	-	2½	2½	2	4		3	4	2	15½
«C»	Portugal	½	½	½	1	2	1½	-	3	2	3½		2	5	2	14½
«C»	Philippines	1	1	½	1	3	1½	1	-	2½	2		2	6	1	13½
«C»	Italy	0	0	½	2	½	2	2	1½	-	3½		1	5	3	12
«C»	Monaco	0	0	0	½	0	0	½	2	½	-		0	8	1	3½

• Group 3:

Final	Country	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10		+	−	=	Points
«A»	England	-	2½	1½	2	3½	3½	3	4	4	4		7	1	1	28
«A»	Czechoslovakia	1½	-	2	4	3½	3½	2½	3½	3½	4		7	1	1	28
«A»	Hungary	2½	2	-	3	2½	3½	3	3	3½	4		8	0	1	27
«B»	Sweden	2	0	1	-	2	3½	3½	4	3	4		5	2	2	23
«B»	Denmark	½	½	1½	2	-	1½	3½	0	3	4		3	5	1	16½
«B»	Iceland	½	½	½	½	2½	-	2½	3	3	3		5	4	0	16
«C»	Mongolia	1	1½	1	½	½	1½	-	3	3½	3		3	6	0	15½
«C»	Tunisia	0	½	1	0	4	1	1	-	2½	4		3	6	0	14
«C»	Greece	0	½	½	1	1	1	½	1½	-	1		0	0	9	7
«C»	Bolivia	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	3	-		1	8	0	5

• Group 4:

Final	Country	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10		+	−	=	Points
«A»	United States	-	2½	3	2½	4	3	3½	2½	4	4		9	0	0	29
«A»	West Germany	1½	-	1½	2	3	3	2½	4	4	4		6	2	1	25½
«A»	Romania	1	2½	-	2	1	3	2½	4	4	4		6	2	1	24
«B»	Spain	1½	2	2	-	2	3	2	4	3½	3½		4	1	4	23½
«B»	Chile	0	1	3	2	-	2½	2½	3½	3½	4		6	2	1	22
«B»	Cuba	1	1	1	1	1½	-	3	2½	4	4		4	5	0	19
«C»	Belgium	½	1½	1½	2	1½	1	-	2	3	4		2	5	2	17
«C»	Ecuador	1½	0	0	0	½	1½	2	-	3½	3		2	6	1	12
«C»	Ireland	0	0	0	½	½	0	1	½	-	3½		1	8	0	6
«C»	Lebanon	0	0	0	½	0	0	0	1	½	-		0	9	0	2

Final

Bobby Fischer and Mikhail Tal at the Olympiad

Final A

#	Country	Players	Points	MP
1	Soviet Union	Tal, Botvinnik, Keres, Korchnoi, Smyslov, Petrosian	34
2	United States	Fischer, Lombardy, Byrne, Bisguier, Rossolimo, Weinstein	29
3	Yugoslavia	Gligorić, Matanović, Ivkov, Bertok, Damjanović, Vukčević	27
4	Hungary	Szabó, Portisch, Barcza, Bilek, Lengyel, Kluger,	22½
5	Czechoslovakia	Pachman, Filip, Fichtl, Hort, Kozma, Ujtelky	21½
6	Bulgaria	Bobotsov, Padevsky, Neikirch, Kolarov, Minev, Milev	21
7	Argentina	Najdorf, Eliskases, Wexler, Bazán, Schweber, Foguelman	20½
8	West Germany	Unzicker, Schmid, Darga, Lehmann, Bialas, Pfeiffer	19½
9	East Germany	Uhlmann, Pietzsch, Malich, Dittmann, Fuchs, Golz	19
10	Netherlands	Euwe, Donner, Bouwmeester, Prins, Kramer, Langeweg	17
11	Romania	Ghițescu, Drimer, Radovici, Mititelu, Troianescu, Szabó	16½	7
12	England	Penrose, Golombek, Clarke, Haygarth, Barden, Wade	16½	4

Final B

#	Country	Players	Points	MP	HTH
13	Sweden	Ståhlberg, Lundin, Johansson, Nilsson, Sköld, Buskenström	27½
14	Israel	Porat, Czerniak, Aloni, Persitz, Kraidman, Guthi	26½
15	Austria	Robatsch, Beni, Lokvenc, Janetschek, Kaliwoda, Groiss	24½
16	Denmark	Nielsen, Kølvig, Holm, Blom, Jensen, From	23½	13	3
17	Finland	Ojanen, Böök, Rantanen, Räisä, Fred, Niemelä	23½	13	1
18	Cuba	Jiménez, Cobo, Gonzáles, García, De Cardenas	23	11
19	Norway	Johannessen, de Lange, Lindblom, Hoen, Svenneby, Myhre	23	10
20	Spain	Pérez, Pomar, Torán, Mallofré, del Corral, Pulido	22½
21	Poland	Śliwa, Plater, Tarnowski, Doda, Kostro, Filipowicz	22
22	Chile	Letelier, Cadaiz, Hausman, Romo, Rojas	19½
23	Iceland	Thorbergsson, Guðmundsson, Gunnarsson, Magnússon, Sólmundarson, Lárusson	16½
24	India	Aaron, Sapre, Wahi, Seth	12

Final C

#	Country	Players	Points	MP
25	Philippines	Campomanes, Borja, Naranja, Reyes, De Castro, Villanueva, Avecilla[2]	28½
26	Indonesia	Wotulo, Bachtiar, Baswedan, Tan, Panggabean	27½	17
27	Mongolia	Namzhil, Momo, Chalkhasuren, Myagmarsuren, Baldandorsh, Badamgarav G.	27½	15
28	Albania	Pustina, Hoxha, Konçi, Veizaj, Omari	26½
29	Ecuador	Muñoz, Aguirre, Morales, Yépez, Garcés, Klein	26
30	Portugal	Durão, Ribeiro, Gonçalves, De Oliveira, Rocha, Cardoso	25	15
31	France	Boutteville, Noradounguian, Bergraser, Casa, Linais, Cormier	25	13
32	Italy	Contedini, Tamburini, Palmiotto, Magrin, Mercuri	24
33	Belgium	O'Kelly, Thibaut, Dunkelblum, Van Schoor, Franck, Blockx	23½
34	Tunisia	Belkadi, Lagha, Kahia, Mohsen, Kchouk, Ben Cheik	21½
35	Greece	Anastasopoulos, Aggos, Papapostolou, Paidousis, Kapralos	20½
36	Bolivia	Humerez, Villegas, Mendivil, Salazar, Soruco	19½
37	Monaco	Kostjoerin, Fauconnier, Perrottey, d'Auriac, Renoy-Chevrier, Deslauriers J.	17½
38	Ireland	Reilly, Littleton, O'Hare, Nash, Cassidy	17
39	Malta	Camilleri, Soler, Gouder, Fenech, Cuschieri, Dingli	14
40	Lebanon	Chalabi, Salameh, Gabriel, Galeb, Tarazi, Batlouni, Allam[3]	8½

Final A

№	Country	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12		+	−	=	Points
1	Soviet Union	-	2½	2½	3½	3	4	3½	3½	3	2½	3	3		11	0	0	34
2	United States	1½	-	2½	2½	1½	3½	2½	2½	3½	3½	3½	2		8	2	1	29
3	Yugoslavia	1½	1½	-	2½	3	2½	2½	2½	2	3	3½	2½		8	2	1	27
4	Hungary	½	1½	1½	-	1½	2	2	3½	2½	2½	2½	2½		5	4	2	22½
5	Czechoslovakia	1	2½	1	2½	-	2	2	2½	2	2	1½	2½		4	3	4	21½
6	Bulgaria	0	½	1½	2	2	-	2	2	2	3	4	2		2	3	6	21
7	Argentina	½	1½	1½	2	2	2	-	2	2	2½	2	2½		2	3	6	20½
8	West Germany	½	1½	1½	½	1½	2	2	-	2	3	2	3		2	5	4	19½
9	East Germany	1	½	2	1½	2	2	2	2	-	1½	1	3½		1	5	5	19
10	Netherlands	1½	½	1	1½	2	1	1½	1	2½	-	2½	2		2	7	2	17
11	Romania	1	½	½	1½	2½	0	2	2	3	1½	-	2		2	6	3	16½
12	England	1	2	1½	1½	1½	2	1½	1	½	2	2	-		0	7	4	16½

Final B

№	Country	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24		+	−	=	Points
13	Sweden	-	2	2½	2	3	2½	2½	2	2½	3	3	2½		8	0	3	27½
14	Israel	2	-	1½	2	1½	2	2	2½	2½	3½	3	4		5	2	4	26½
15	Austria	1½	2½	-	2½	3	2	1	2½	3	3	1½	2		6	3	2	24½
16	Denmark	2	2	1½	-	3	2	2	1	2	2½	2½	3		4	2	5	23½
17	Finland	1	2½	1	1	-	2½	3	3	1½	2	3	3		6	4	1	23½
18	Cuba	1½	2	2	2	1½	-	2½	2	2	2	2	3½		2	2	7	23
19	Norway	1½	2	3	2	1	1½	-	1½	1½	2½	2½	4		4	5	2	23
20	Spain	2	1½	1½	3	1	2	2½	-	1½	2	2½	3		4	4	3	22½
21	Poland	1½	1½	1	2	2½	2	2½	2½	-	1	3	2½		5	4	2	22
22	Chile	1	½	1	1½	2	2	1½	2	3	-	1½	3½		2	6	3	19½
23	Iceland	1	1	2½	1½	1	2	1½	1½	1	2½	-	1		2	8	1	16½
24	India	1½	0	2	1	1	½	0	1	1½	½	3	-		1	9	1	12

Final C

№	Country	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11		+	−	=	Points
25	Philippines	3	3	2	2	3	2½	3	3	2	1	4		7	1	3	28½
		31	27	30	34	26	28	32	35	29	33	38
26	India	2½	2	3½	3½	1	2½	2½	2	3½	2½	2		7	1	3	27½
		33	29	28	30	25	32	31	27	35	34	36
27	Mongolia	3½	1	2	2½	2	1½	3	2	3	4	3		6	2	3	27½
		40	25	34	31	29	30	33	26	28	36	35
28	Albania	2½	2	½	3½	3	1½	3½	2½	1	4	2½		7	3	1	26½
		32	35	26	39	33	25	30	31	27	38	34
29	Ecuador	3	2	2	1½	2	2	2½	2½	2	4	2½		5	1	5	26
		34	26	33	32	27	35	38	37	25	40	39
30	Portugal	3	3	2	½	2½	2½	½	1½	3	4	2½		7	3	1	25
		37	38	25	26	35	27	28	36	40	39	33
31	France	1	3	2	1½	3½	3	1½	1½	2½	2½	3		6	4	1	25
		25	39	35	27	36	34	26	28	38	32	37
32	Italy	1½	2½	2½	2½	2½	1½	1	4	2	1½	2½		6	4	1	24
		28	37	38	29	34	26	25	39	36	31	40
33	Belgium	1½	3	2	2	1	2½	1	3	3	3	1½		5	4	2	23½
		26	36	29	35	28	39	27	40	37	25	30
34	Tunisia	1	4	2	2	1½	1	2	2½	2½	1½	1½		3	5	3	21½
		29	40	27	25	32	31	37	38	39	26	28
35	Greece	2½	2	2	2	1½	2	3½	1	½	2½	1		3	4	4	20½
		36	28	31	33	30	29	40	25	26	37	27
36	Bolivia	1½	1	3	3	½	2	2	2½	2	0	2		3	4	4	19½
		35	33	37	38	31	40	39	30	32	27	26
37	Monaco	1	1½	1	3½	2½	1	2	1½	1	1½	1		2	8	1	17½
		30	32	36	40	39	38	34	29	33	35	31
38	Ireland	3	1	1½	1	3	3	1½	1½	1½	0	0		3	8	0	17
		39	30	32	36	40	37	29	34	31	28	25
39	Malta	1	1	3½	½	1½	1½	2	0	1½	0	1½		1	9	1	14
		38	31	40	28	37	33	36	32	34	30	29
40	Lebanon	½	0	½	½	1	2	½	1	1	0	1½		0	10	1	8½
		27	34	39	37	38	36	35	33	30	29	32

Individual medals

• Board 1: Karl Robatsch 13½ / 16 = 84.4%
• Board 2: Mikhail Botvinnik 10½ / 13 = 80.8%
• Board 3: Paul Keres 10½ / 13 = 80.8%
• Board 4: Lhamsuren Myagmarsuren and Tan Hoan Liong 16½ / 20 = 82.5%
• 1st reserve: Vassily Smyslov 11½ / 13 = 88.5%
• 2nd reserve: Tigran Petrosian 12 / 13 = 92.3%

References

1. Although commonly referred to as the men's division, this section is open to both male and female players.
2. The extra team-member was allowed to replace withdrawn player on a basis of special permission granted by organizing committee.
3. The extra team-member was allowed to replace withdrawn player on a basis of special permission granted by organizing committee.

• 14th Chess Olympiad: Leipzig 1960 OlimpBase

(alternative link when site is down)