1996 Biak earthquake
The 1996 Biak earthquake, or the 1996 Irian Jaya earthquake, occurred on February 17 at 14:59:30 local time near Biak Island, Indonesia. The earthquake had a moment magnitude of 8.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). The run-up height of the generated tsunami reached 7 meters (23 ft). One-hundred and sixty-six people were reported dead, 423 were injured, and 5,090 were made homeless.
  | |
| UTC time | 1996-02-17 05:59:30 |
|---|---|
| ISC event | 947787 |
| USGS-ANSS | ComCat |
| Local date | February 17, 1996 |
| Local time | 14:59:30 WIT (Indonesia Eastern Standard Time) |
| Magnitude | 8.2 Mw [1] |
| Depth | 20 km (12 mi) [1] |
| Epicenter | .95°S 136.94°E [1] |
| Type | Thrust [2] |
| Total damage | $4.2 million [3] |
| Max. intensity | VIII (Severe) |
| Tsunami | 7 m (23 ft) [2] |
| Casualties | 166 dead [3] 423 injured [3] 5,090 displaced [3] |
This earthquake was a thrust in a very oblique subduction zone. It ruptured at least 270 km (170 mi) along the New Guinea trench.[4] The slip distribution is very nonuniform. The largest slip was ∼12 m near the hypocentral depth, and the mean slip over a 230 km by 100 km fault area was 4 m.[5]
References
- ISC (2015), ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009), Version 2.0, International Seismological Centre
- Okal, E.; Piatanesi, A.; Heinrich, P. (1999), "Tsunami detection by satellite altimetry" (PDF), Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (B1): 611, Bibcode:1999JGR...104..599O, doi:10.1029/1998JB000018
- USGS (September 4, 2009), PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog, Version 2008_06.1, United States Geological Survey
- Taylor, M. A. J.; Dmowska, R.; Rice, J. R., Comparison of Coulomb Shear Stress Changes from the Feb. 17, 1996 Biak Mw = 8.2 Event and a Subsequent Seismic Inversion, archived from the original on 2010-07-15, retrieved 2010-08-29
- Henry, C.; Das, S. (2002), "The Mw 8.2, 17 February 1996 Biak, Indonesia, earthquake: Rupture history, aftershocks, and fault plane properties", Journal of Geophysical Research, 107 (B11): 2312, Bibcode:2002JGRB..107.2312H, doi:10.1029/2001JB000796
External links
- M 8.2 - Biak region, Indonesia – United States Geological Survey
- The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.
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