2014 OL339

2014 OL339 (also written 2014 OL339) is an Aten asteroid that is a temporary quasi-satellite of Earth, the fourth known Earth quasi-satellite.[4]

2014 OL339
Discovery [1]
Discovered byEURONEAR
(unofficial credits)
Discovery siteLa Palma Obs.
(first observed)
Discovery date29 July 2014
Designations
2014 OL339
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 16 February 2017 (JD 2457800.5)
Uncertainty parameter 1
Observation arc2.10 yr (768 days)
Aphelion1.4598 AU
Perihelion0.5388 AU
0.9993 AU
Eccentricity0.4608
1.00 yr (365 days)
285.00°
0° 59m 12.12s / day
Inclination10.187°
252.18°
289.69°
Earth MOID0.0179 AU
Physical characteristics
Dimensions170 m (est. at 0.25)[3]
22.9[1]

    Discovery

    2014 OL339 was discovered on 29 July 2014 by Farid Char of the Chilean University of Antofagasta. The actual observers were O. Vaduvescu and V. Tudor, observing from the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory for the EURONEAR project with the Isaac Newton Telescope. The intended target of the program was the Apollo asteroid 2013 VQ4 but F. Char identified 2014 OL339 as a streak near the edge of the observed field.[5] As of 14 August 2015, it has been observed 39 times with an observation arc of 381 days.[1]

    Orbit and orbital evolution

    2014 OL339 is currently an Aten asteroid (Earth-crossing but with a period less than a year). Its semi-major axis (currently 0.9994 AU) is similar to that of Earth (0.9992 AU), but it has a relatively high eccentricity (0.4607) and moderate orbital inclination (10.1910°). Gravitational interaction with Earth causes its orbit to change so that its average period is one year (This means it alternates between being an Aten asteroid and being an Apollo asteroid.) Its mean longitude (around the Sun) is similar to that of Earth, which means that it is fairly close to Earth (less than about 1.5 AU). This makes it a quasi-satellite. It moves in a kidney-shaped path going from east to west relative to Earth ("retrograde", the opposite way from the Moon). The relative mean longitude compared to Earth (that is, its mean longitude minus that of Earth) librates around zero. This means that the center of the "kidney" moves back and forth over a period of years, from being in front of Earth to being behind Earth, but this movement is centered on Earth.[4]

    It became a quasi-satellite at least 775 years ago and will stop being that 165 years from now after a "close" encounter with Earth (0.13 AU). This quasi-satellite episode will have had a duration of around a thousand years or more, but less than 2,500 years. Before and after this episode it passes in and out of other types of co-orbital orbits, such as being a trojan or a "passing object" (one whose relative longitude to Earth can attain any value, which is not the case for a quasi-satellite or a Trojan).[4]

    Physical properties

    With an absolute magnitude of 22.9,[1] it has an estimated diameter of approximately 170 meters for an albedo of 0.25, which is typical for stony asteroids.[3]

    See also

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2014 OL339)" (2016-09-04 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
    2. "2014 OL339". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
    3. "Absolute Magnitude (H)". NASA/JPL. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
    4. de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl (2014). "Asteroid 2014 OL339: yet another Earth quasi-satellite". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 445 (3): 2985–2994. arXiv:1409.5588. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.445.2961D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1978.
    5. Discovery account
    Further reading
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