2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
The 2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) was elected at the 2nd Congress on 30 March 1948,[1] and remained in session until the election of the 3rd Central Committee on 29 April 1956.[2] In between party congresses and specially convened conferences the Central Committee is the highest decision-making institution in the WPK and North Korea.[3] The Central Committee is not a permanent institution and delegates day-to-day work to elected bodies, such as the Political Committee, the Standing Committee, the Organisation Committee and the Inspection Committee in the case of the 2nd Central Committee.[4] It convenes meetings, known as "Plenary Session of the [term] Central Committee", to discuss major policies.[5] Only full members have the right to vote, but if a full member cannot attend a plenary session, the person's spot is taken over by an alternate.[5] Plenary session can also be attended by non-members, such meetings are known as "Enlarged Plenary Session", to participate in the committee's discussions.[5]
2nd Central Committee | |
---|---|
Emblem of the Workers' Party of North Korea | |
30 March 1948 – 29 April 1956 (8 years, 30 days) | |
Overview | |
Decision making body | Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea |
Election | 2nd Congress |
Full members | 98 |
Candidate members | 20 |
Officers of the Central Committee | |
Chairman | Kim Il-sung (49–56) Kim Tu-bong |
Vice Chairmen | Kim Il-sung Chu Yong-ha |
First Secretary | Ho Ka-i |
Second Secretary | Yi Sung-yop |
Third Secretary | Kim Sam-yong |
Political Committee | 14 members |
Standing Committee | 16 members |
Inspection Committee | 8 members |
Organisation Committee | 11 members |
It consisted originally of 67 members and 20 candidate members.[6] Upon the merger of the Workers' Party of North Korea and the Workers' Party of South Korea (WPSK) on 24 June 1949, the 2nd Central Committee merged with the 1st WPSK Central Committee and gained 31 new members.[7] The term of the 2nd Central Committee, which was stipulated by party rules to last five years (until 1953), lasted until April 1956 when the 3rd Congress elected the 3rd Central Committee.[8] During its tenure it held six plenary sessions, seven joint plenary sessions and four stand-alone plenary sessions.[9]
Of the 67 full members of the 2nd Central Committe 30 had served in the 1st Central Committee.[10] Among those not reelected were Choe Yong-dal and Chong Tal-hyon.[10] The position of the partisan faction was strengthened at this congress, with Kang Kon, Kim Kwang-hyop, Kim Kyong-sok and Pak Chum-kol being elected to the 2nd Central Committee.[10] Despite this, the largest single group within the 2nd Central Committee were the domestic faction.[10]
The 1st Plenary Session of the 2nd Central Committee convened on 31 March 1948 and elected the 2nd Political Committee, the 2nd Standing Committee, the 2nd Organisation Committee and the 2nd Inspection Commission, as well as the the party chairman and two vice chairmen.[6] Kim Tu-bong was elected Chairman of the Central Committee while Kim Il-sung and Chu Yong-ha were elected to the office of Vice Chairman.[10] All the members of the 1st Political Committee were re-elected, while two new were added; Kim Chaek and Pak Il-u.[10]
Plenary sessions
Plenum | Start–end | Length | Agenda |
---|---|---|---|
1st Plenary Session | 31 March 1948 | 1 day | 1 item.
|
2nd Plenary Session | 12 July 1948 | 1 day | 2 items.
|
3rd Plenary Session | 24–25 September 1948 | 2 days | 3 items.
|
4th Plenary Session | 9–14 December 1948 | 5 days | Not made public. |
5th Plenary Session | 12–13 February 1949 | 2 days | 4 items.
|
6th Enlarged Plenary Session | 11 June 1949 | 1 day | 2 items.
|
1st Joint Plenary Session | 24 June 1949 | 1 day | 3 items.
|
2nd Joint Plenary Session | 15–18 December 1949 | 3 days | 3 items.
|
3rd Joint Plenary Session | 21–23 December 1950 | 3 days | 3 items.
|
4th Joint Plenary Session | 1–4 November 1951 | 4 days | 2 items.
|
5th Joint Plenary Session | 15–18 December 1952 | 4 days | 2 items.
|
6th Joint Plenary Session | 4–6 August 1953 | 3 days | 3 items.
|
7th Joint Plenary Session | 21–23 March 1954 | 3 days | 2 items.
|
March Plenary Session | 21–23 March 1954 | 3 days | 2 items.
|
November Plenary Session | 1–3 April 1955 | 3 days | 6 items.
|
April Plenary Session | 1–4 December 1955 | 4 days | 5 items.
|
December Plenary Session | 2–3 December 1955 | 2 days | 3 items.
|
Members
Full
Rank | Name Hangul |
Level of government (Offices held) |
1st CC | 3rd CC | Inner-composition | Faction | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2nd POC | 2nd STC | 2nd ORG | 2nd INS | ||||||
1 | Kim Tu-bong | Central
|
Old | Reelected | Chairman | Chairman | — |
— |
Yanan |
2 | Kim Il-sung | Central |
Old | Reelected | Member | Member | Member | — |
Partisan |
3 | Ho Ka-i | Central |
Old | Demoted | Member | Member | Member | — |
Soviet |
4 | Chu Yong-ha | Central
|
Old | Expelled | Member | Member | — |
— |
Domestic |
5 | Kim Chaek | Central
|
Old | Demoted | Member | Member | — |
— |
Partisan |
6 | Choe Chang-ik | Central |
Old | Reelected | Member | Member | — |
— |
Yanan |
7 | Pak Il-u | Central
|
Old | Demoted | Member | Member | — |
— |
Yanan |
8 | Pak Chong-ae | Central
|
Old | Reelected | — |
Member | Member | — |
Domestic |
9 | Kim Kyo-yong | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
10 | Chong Chun-taek | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
Partisan |
11 | Pak Chong-ok | — |
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
12 | Kim Il | Central
|
Old | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
Partisan |
13 | Kim Chae-uk | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
Member | — |
— |
Soviet |
14 | Kim Hwang-il | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
15 | Kim Yol | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
Member | Member | — |
Soviet |
16 | Choe Kyong-dok | Central
|
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
17 | Kim Min-san | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
18 | Choe Suk-yang | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
19 | Chin Pan-su | — |
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
Soviet |
20 | Kang Chin-gon | Central
|
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
21 | Han Il-mu | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
22 | Pak Hun-il | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
23 | Choe Chae-rin | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
24 | Han Sol-ya | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
25 | Yi Hui-jun | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
26 | Kang Kon | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
27 | Kim Sung-hwa | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
28 | Ki Sok-bok | — |
New | Demoted | — |
Member | — |
— |
Soviet |
29 | Ho Chong-suk | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
30 | Yi Chung-gun | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
31 | Tae Song-su | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
32 | Chang Sun-myong | Central
|
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
Chairman | Soviet |
33 | Kim Ung-gi | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
34 | Kim Ko-mang | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
Member | — |
35 | Mu Chong | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
36 | Pak Chang-sil | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
37 | Yi Puk-myong | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
38 | Pak Hyo-sam | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
39 | Kim Sang-chol | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
40 | Chang Si-u | Central
|
Old | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
41 | Chong Tu-hyon | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
42 | O Ki-sop | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
43 | Song Che-jun | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
44 | Kim Chik-hyong | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
45 | Yi Sun-gun | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
46 | Kim Kwang-hyop | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
47 | Yi Chong-ik | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
Member | — |
48 | Chang Hae-u | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
Member | Domestic |
49 | Yi Tong-hwa | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
50 | Yim Hae | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
51 | Chong Il-yong | — |
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
Soviet |
52 | Pang Hak-se | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
Member | Soviet |
53 | Cho Yong | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
54 | Kim Ung | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
55 | Pak Mu | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
56 | Kim Yong-su | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
57 | Chang Chol | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
Member | — |
58 | Kim Tae-ryon | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
59 | Yi Kwon-mu | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
60 | Kim Kyong-sok | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
61 | Kim Han-jung | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
62 | Pak Yong-son | — |
New | Demoted | — |
Member | Member | — |
Soviet |
63 | Yi Yu-min | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
64 | Kim Kwang-bin | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
65 | Yi Song-un | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
66 | Pak Kum-chol | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
67 | Kim Chan | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Candidates
Rank | Name Hangul |
1st CC | 3rd CC | Faction |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Pak Won-sul | New | Demoted | — |
2 | Yi Yong-hwa | New | Demoted | — |
3 | Kim Chin-yo | New | Demoted | — |
4 | Chae Kyu-hong | New | Demoted | — |
5 | Han Ang-chon | New | Full | Yanan |
6 | Pak Yong-hwa | New | Demoted | — |
7 | Pak Tong-cho | New | Demoted | — |
8 | Kang Yong-chang | New | Full | Domestic |
9 | Choe Kwang-yol | New | Demoted | Yanan |
10 | Yi Kyu-hwan | New | Reelected | — |
11 | Nam Il | New | Full | — |
12 | Chang Wi-sam | New | Demoted | Soviet |
13 | Ko Pong-gi | New | Full | — |
14 | Kim Tae-hwa | New | Demoted | — |
15 | Kye Tong-son | New | Demoted | — |
16 | Kim Tu-yong | New | Demoted | — |
17 | Yi Hyo-sun | New | Full | Partisan |
18 | Yi Chi-chan | New | Reelected | — |
19 | Yi Yong-som | New | Demoted | — |
20 | Choe Pong-su | New | Demoted | Soviet |
1st Joint Plenary Session (1949–56)
Name Hangul |
Level of government (Offices held) |
1st CC | 3rd CC | Inner-composition | Faction | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2nd POC | 2nd STC | 2nd SEC | 2nd ORG | 2nd INS | |||||
An Ki-song | — |
WPSK | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Chang Chol | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Member | — |
Chang Hae-u | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Member | Domestic |
Chang Si-u | Central
|
Old | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Chang Sun-myong | Central
|
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Chairman | Soviet |
Chin Pan-su | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Cho Pok-ye | — |
New | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Cho Yong | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Choe Chae-rin | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Choe Chang-ik | Central
|
Old | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
Member | — |
Yanan |
Choe Kyong-dok | Central
|
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Choe Suk-yang | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Choe Won-taek | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Chong Chun-taek | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Chong Il-yong | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Chong No-sik | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Chong Tu-hyon | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Chong Yun | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Chu Yong-ha | — |
Old | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Han Il-mu | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Han Sol-ya | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Ho Chong-suk | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Ho Hon | Central
|
WPSK | Died | Member | — |
— |
Member | — |
Domestic |
Ho Ka-i | Central
|
Old | Died | V. Chairman | V. Chairman | 1. Secretary | Member | — |
Soviet |
Ho Song-taek | Central
|
WPSK | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Hong Nam-pyo | Central
|
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Hwang Tae-song | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Hyon U-hyon | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kang Chin-gon | Central
|
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kang Kon | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Kang Mun-sok | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Ki Sok-bok | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Kim Chae-uk | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Kim Chaek | Central
|
Old | Died | Member | — |
— |
Member | — |
Partisan |
Kim Chan | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Kim Chik-hyong | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Chin-guk | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Han-jung | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Kim Hwang-il | — |
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Il | Central
|
Old | Reelected | V. Chairman | V. Chairman | — |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Kim Il-sung | Central |
Old | Reelected | Chairman | Chairman | — |
Member | — |
Partisan |
Kim Ko-mang | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Member | — |
Kim Kwang-bin | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Kim Kwang-hyop | — |
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Kim Kwang-su | — |
WPSK | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Kye-rim | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Kyo-yong | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Kim Kyong-sok | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Kim Min-san | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Kim O-song | — |
WPSK | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Sam-yong | — |
WPSK | Died | Member | — |
3. Secretary | Member | — |
Domestic |
Kim Sang-chol | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Kim Sang-hyok | — |
WPSK | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Sung-hwa | Central
|
New | Demoted | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Kim Tae-jun | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Tae-ryon | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Kim Tu-bong | Central
|
Old | Reelected | Member | — |
— |
Member | — |
Yanan |
Kim Ung | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Kim Ung-bin | — |
WPSK | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Ung-gi | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Chairman | Domestic |
Kim Yol | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
Member | — |
Soviet |
Kim Yong-am | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Yong-jae | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Kim Yong-su | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Ko Chan-bo | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Ku Chae-su | Central
|
WPSK | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Mu Chong | — |
Old | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Nam Il | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
Member | — |
— |
— |
Soviet |
O Ki-sop | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Pak Chang-ok | Central
|
New | Reelected | V. Chairman | V. Chairman | — |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Pak Chong-ae | Central
|
Old | Reelected | V. Chairman | V. Chairman | — |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Pak Chang-sil | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Pak Hon-yong | Central
|
WPSK | Expelled | V. Chairman | V. Chairman | — |
Member | — |
Domestic |
Pak Hun-il | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Pak Hyo-sam | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Pak Il-u | Central
|
Old | Expelled | Member | — |
— |
Member | — |
Yanan |
Pak Kum-chol | Central
|
New | Reelected | V. Chairman | V. Chairman | — |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Pak Kyong-su | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Pak Mu | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Pak Mun-gyu | Central
|
WPSK | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Pak Yong-bin | Central
|
New | Demoted | V. Chairman | V. Chairman | — |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Pak Yong-son | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Soviet |
Pang Hak-se | Central
|
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
Member | Soviet |
Song Che-jun | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Song Ul-su | — |
WPSK | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Song Yu-gyong | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Tae Song-su | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Chae-nam | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Yi Chon-jin | — |
WPSK | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Yi Chong-ik | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
Member | — |
Yi Chu-ha | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Yi Chu-sang | — |
New | Expelled | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Chung-gun | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Hui-jun | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Hyon-sang | — |
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Yi Ki-sok | Central
|
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
V. Chairman | Domestic |
Yi Kwon-mu | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Yi Puk-myong | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Song-un | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Yi Sun-gun | — |
Old | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Sung-yop | Central
|
WPSK | Expelled | Member | — |
2. Secretary | Member | — |
Domestic |
Yi Tong-hwa | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Yong-som | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yi Yu-min | — |
New | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yanan |
Yim Hae | — |
Old | Reelected | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Partisan |
Yu Chuk-un | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Yu Yong-jun | Central
|
WPSK | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Domestic |
Yun Hyong-sik | — |
New | Demoted | — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
References
Citations
Sources
- General
References for plenary sessions, apparatus heads, the Central Committee full- and candidate membership, Political Committee membership, Standing Committee membership, secretaries, Organisation Committee members, membership in the Inspection Commission, offices an individual held, retirement, if the individual in question is military personnel, female, has been expelled, is currently under investigation or has retired:
- Suh, Dae-sook (1981). Korean Communism 1945–1980: A Reference Guide to the Political System (1st ed.). University Press of Hawaii. pp. 285–91. ISBN 0-8248-0740-5. Information on the meeting dates of the plenary sessions, their official name, the meeting agenda and meeting decisions.
- Suh, Dae-sook (1981). Korean Communism 1945–1980: A Reference Guide to the Political System (1st ed.). University Press of Hawaii. pp. 319–22. ISBN 0-8248-0740-5. Information on the composition of the Central Committee, Political Committee, Standing Committee, Secretaries, Organisational Committee and the Inspection Commission of the 2nd Congress .
- Suh, Dae-sook (1981). Korean Communism 1945–1980: A Reference Guide to the Political System (1st ed.). University Press of Hawaii. pp. 392–93. ISBN 0-8248-0740-5. Information on the composition of the Supreme People's Assembly and it's Standing Committee.
- Suh, Dae-sook (1981). Korean Communism 1945–1980: A Reference Guide to the Political System (1st ed.). University Press of Hawaii. p. 448. ISBN 0-8248-0740-5. Information on the composition of the 1st Government of the DPRK.
- Suh, Dae-sook (1981). Korean Communism 1945–1980: A Reference Guide to the Political System (1st ed.). University Press of Hawaii. pp. 459–82. ISBN 0-8248-0740-5. A list of every minister that served in the DPRK government since its inception until 1980.
- Bibliography
- Suh, Dae-sook (1988). Kim Il Sung: The North Korean Leader (1st ed.). Columbia University Press. ISBN 0231065736.
- Suh, Dae-sook (1981). Korean Communism 1945–1980: A Reference Guide to the Political System (1st ed.). University Press of Hawaii. ISBN 0-8248-0740-5.
- Suh, Dae-Sook; Lee, Chae-Jin (2014). Political Leadership in Korea. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-80280-0.