59 Virginis
59 Virginis (e Virginis, HR 5011, Gliese 504) is a G-type main-sequence star, located in constellation Virgo at approximately 57 light-years from Earth.
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Virgo |
| Right ascension | 13h 16m 46.51616s[1] |
| Declination | 09° 25′ 26.9672″[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | G0V[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (B) | 5.81 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.22 |
| Apparent magnitude (R) | 4.8 |
| Apparent magnitude (I) | 4.5 |
| Apparent magnitude (J) | 4.392 ± 0.284 |
| Apparent magnitude (H) | 4.107 ± 0.208 |
| Apparent magnitude (K) | 4.033 ± 0.238 |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −25.9 ± 0.9 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −336.665[3] mas/yr Dec.: 190.579±0.420[3] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 57.0186 ± 0.2525[3] mas |
| Distance | 57.2 ± 0.3 ly (17.54 ± 0.08 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | 4.08±0.010[4] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 1.16 ± 0.05[5] M☉ |
| Radius | 1.36 ± 0.04[5] R☉ |
| Luminosity (bolometric) | 2.15 ± 0.15[2] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.37[4] cgs |
| Temperature | 6,205 ± 20[6] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.21[4] dex |
| Rotation | 3.329 days[2] |
| Age | (various estimates, see text) Myr |
| Other designations | |
e Vir (e Virginis), BD+10 2531, 59 Vir (59 Virginis), GJ (Gliese, Gl) 504, HD 115383, HIP 64792, HR 5011, SAO 119847, WDS J13168+0925A | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
| ARICNS | data |
| Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia | data |
History of observations
59 Virginis is known to astronomers at least from 1598, when it was catalogued by Tycho Brahe in his manuscript catalogue of 1004 fixed stars. Brahe designated it as "Parvula sequens vindemiatricem", which means in Latin "A tiny following Vindemiatrix" (that is Epsilon Virginis), and assigned it a visual magnitude 6[7][8] (a modern value of its apparent magnitude (in band V) is 5.22). Five years later in 1603 Johann Bayer pictured it on constellation Virgo folio of his celestial atlas "Uranometria" and designated it with number 37, letter "e" (hence its Bayer designation e Virginis, or e Vir) and name "Alæ dextræ sequens", which means in Latin "Following right wing". Bayer also assigned it a visual magnitude 6.[9]
Four hundred ten years later in 2013 July Kuzuhara et al. announced discovery of orbiting this star planet b. The discovery was made using 8.2-meter Subaru Telescope of Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii.
Distance
59 Virginis distance estimates
| Source | Parallax, mas | Distance, pc | Distance, ly | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gliese & Jahreiss (1991) | 74.2 ± 9.0 | 13.5+1.9 −1.5 | 44.0+6.1 −4.8 | GJ |
| van Altena et al. (1995) | 63.0 ± 7.5 | 15.9+2.1 −1.7 | 51.8+7.0 −5.5 | GCTP (YPC) |
| Perryman et al. (1997) | 55.71 ± 0.85 | 17.95 ± 0.27 | 58.5 ± 0.9 | (Hipparcos) |
| van Leeuwen (2007) | 56.95 ± 0.26 | 17.56 ± 0.08 | 57.27 ± 0.26 | (Hipparcos) |
| Gaia Data Release 2 | 57.0186 ± 0.2524 | 17.54 ± 0.08 | 57.2 ± 0.3 | (Gaia) |
The best estimate is marked in bold.
Age and other characteristics
The star is a young Sun-like star of spectral type G0V and effective temperature 6205 ± 20 K[6] (not much hotter than the Sun). It is also twice brighter than the Sun, its log (L/L⊙) is 0.332 ± 0.032. Its rotation period is 3.329 days.[2]
Age of the star was estimated as 0.16+0.35
−0.60 Gyr (2013),[2] 4.5+2.0
−1.5 Gyr (2015),[5] and 2.5+1.0
−0.7 Gyr (2017).[6]
Exoplanet
In 2013, the discovery of a Jovian planet, b, by direct imaging of the system was announced.[2] A later re-analysis suggested that it may actually be a brown dwarf.[6]
References
- Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.
- Kuzuhara, M.; et al. (2013). "Direct Imaging of a Cold Jovian Exoplanet in Orbit around the Sun-like Star GJ 504". The Astrophysical Journal. 774 (1). 11. arXiv:1307.2886. Bibcode:2013ApJ...774...11K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/774/1/11.
- Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
- Park, Sunkyung; et al. (2013). "Wilson-Bappu Effect: Extended to Surface Gravity". The Astronomical Journal. 146 (4): 73. arXiv:1307.0592. Bibcode:2013AJ....146...73P. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/4/73.
- Fuhrmann, K.; Chini, R. (2015). "On the age of Gliese 504". The Astrophysical Journal. 806 (2): 163. Bibcode:2015ApJ...806..163F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/163.
- D'Orazi, V.; Desidera, S.; Gratton, R. G.; et al. (2017). "A critical reassessment of the fundamental properties of GJ 504: chemical composition and age". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 598: A19. arXiv:1609.02530. Bibcode:2017A&A...598A..19D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629283.
- Baily, Francis (1843). "The Catalogues of Ptolemy, Ulugh Beigh, Tycho Brahe, Halley, Hevelius, Deduced from the Best Authorities. With Various Notes and Corrections, and a Preface to Each Catalogue. To Which is Added the Synonym of each Star, in the Catalogues of Flamsteed of Lacaille, as far as the same can be ascertained". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society. 13: 1. Bibcode:1843MmRAS..13....1B. (e Virginis: for Tycho Brahe's catalogue see page 149, for Hevelius' – page 235).
- Verbunt, F.; van Gent, R. H. (2010). "Three editions of the star catalogue of Tycho Brahe. Machine-readable versions and comparison with the modern Hipparcos Catalogue". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 516: A28. arXiv:1003.3836. Bibcode:2010A&A...516A..28V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014002.
- Bayer, Johann (1603). "Uranometria: omnium asterismorum continens schemata, nova methodo delineata, aereis laminis expressa". Uranometria in Linda Hall Library: link. Pages on constellation Virgo: Table, Map.
