Acacia colei

Acacia colei is a perennial bush or tree native to northern Australia and southern Asia. A common name for it is Cole's wattle. Acacia colei blooms from May through September and the flowers are bright yellow.[2][3]

Cole's wattle
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Clade: Mimosoideae
Genus: Acacia
Species:
A. colei
Binomial name
Acacia colei
Maslin & L.A.J. Thomson
Range of Acacia colei
Synonyms
Acacia colei flowers and foliage
Acacia colei var ileocarpa seed pods

Description

The shrub typically grows to a height of 2 to 4 m (6 ft 7 in to 13 ft 1 in) or is found sometimes as a tree up heights of around 9 m (30 ft) usually with a spreading habit. It has sericeous new shoots with pale yellow-brown hairs that age to have a silvery colour. The acutely angled branchlets are silvery-sericeous. The silvery-green to grey-green phyllodes usually have an obliquely narrowly elliptic shape that is more or less straight but often shallowly recurved at the apice. The phyllodes are around 11 to 20 cm (4.3 to 7.9 in) in length and have a width of 1 to 5.5 cm (0.39 to 2.17 in) and have a knob shaped mucro. The rudimentary inflorescences occur in pairs in the racemes and have a axes length of 0.5 mm (0.020 in). The golden flower spikes are 3.5 to 6 cm (1.4 to 2.4 in) in length with hairy petals. The seed pods that form later are openly and strongly curved or tightly and irregularly coiled or twisted with twisted dehisced valves. The glabrous pods have a width of 3.5 to 4 mm (0.14 to 0.16 in) and are thinly coriaceous to crustaceous. The glossy brown to black coloured seeds within the pods have an oblong shape and are 4 to 4.5 mm (0.16 to 0.18 in) in length with a bright yellow aril.[4]

Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanists Bruce Maslin and L.A.J.Thomson in 1992 in the work Re-appraisal of the taxonomy of Acacia holosericea, including the description of a new species, A. colei, and the reinstatement of A. neurocarpa published in the journal Australian Systematic Botany. It was reclassified as Racosperma colei by Leslie Pedley in 2003 then returned to genus Acacia in 2006. The species is commonly confused with Acacia holosericea which it closely resembles.[5]

There are two varieties:

  • Acacia colei Maslin & L. A. J. Thomson var. colei, known as Cole's wattle.
  • Acacia colei var. ileocarpa M. W. McDonald & Maslin, known as curly-podded Cole’s wattle.[4]

Distribution

The plant is found throughout northern Australia between latitudes of 16°S and 22°S from the Pilbara and Kimberley regions of Western Australia in the west extending east through the Tanami Desert and Great Sandy Deserts in the Northern Territory and into the Simpson Desert and Gulf Country of western Queensland.[4] It is well adapted to an arid environment and is found in a variety of habitat including stony hills and ridges, sandplains, floodplains and along drainage lines growing in stony, sandy, clay-loam soils.[3]

Uses

Its uses include environmental management, forage and wood.[1] The seeds are good-tasting[6] and are potentially useful as food for humans. The results of tests in Nigeria for the feasibility of raising the tree as a drought-resistant food crop came out very positively.[4]

Phytochemistry

Several recent reports of up to 1.8% dimethyltryptamine in bark.[7]

See also

References
  1. International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS)
  2. "Australian Biological Resources Study".
  3. "Acacia colei". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  4. "Acacia colei". World Wide Wattle. Western Australian Herbarium. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  5. "Acacia colei Maslin & L.A.J.Thomson". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
  6. ECHO Archived May 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine Education Concerns for Hunger Organization
  7. Dr Karl Kruszelnicki, ABC Radio 2005.
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