Action of 9 July 1941

The Action of 9 July 1941 was a naval engagement between the Soviet and Romanian navies during World War II, taking place near the Romanian port-city of Mangalia.

Action of 9 July 1941
Part of the Black Sea Campaigns (1941-44)

Romanian torpedo boat Năluca
Date9 July 1941
Location
Off Mangalia, Black Sea
Result Romanian victory
Belligerents
Kingdom of Romania  Soviet Union
Commanders and leaders
Horia Popovici S.A. Karakai †
Strength
3 torpedo boats 1 submarine
Casualties and losses
None 38 killed
1 submarine sunk

Background

When the Axis Powers launched Operation Barbarossa in June 1941, Romania joined the invasion with the aims of recovering the provinces of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, which were occupied by the Soviet Union the previous year. On 26 June, the Soviet Black Sea Fleet unsuccessfully attacked the Romanian port of Constanța, resulting in the loss of the destroyer leader Moskva to Romanian mines.[1][2][3][4] The loss of Moskva caused Soviet Admiral Filipp Oktyabrsky to be much more cautious in his use of surface warships.[5]

Action
Soviet Shchuka-class submarine in the Black Sea

On 9 July 1941, one week after Romania launched Operation München, the Romanian Navy's 250t-class torpedo boat Năluca (Captain Horia Popovici) and motor torpedo boats Viscolul and Vijelia were informed by the Romanian gunboat Stihi that the periscope of an enemy submarine was sighted near Mangalia. Năluca was the first to arrive at the scene and subsequently spotted and engaged the Soviet Shchuka-class submarine Shch-206 (Captain S. A. Karakai). In the first part of the battle, Năluca attacked the submarine with 20 mm rounds, but the latter submerged in order to escape. The Romanian torpedo boat subsequently used depth charges, being soon joined by the two motor torpedo boats. At 2:56 pm, the Soviet submarine was confirmed sunk by Viscolul, none of her crew of 38 survived.[6][7][8][9]

Aftermath

The result of this engagement secured Mangalia for the rest of the Second World War, as no other Soviet warships were subsequently sighted near the port. It also discouraged the Soviet Navy from using the medium-sized Shchuka-class submarines for operations near the Romanian coast, relying instead on the much smaller submarines of the M-class, as shown during the engagements of 17 December 1941[10] and 1 October 1942.[11]

References
  1. Robert Forczyk, Where the Iron Crosses Grow: The Crimea 1941–44, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014, p. 39
  2. David T. Zabecki, World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia, Routledge Publishing, 1999, p. 1468
  3. Richard L. DiNardo, Germany and the Axis Powers from Coalition to Collapse, University Press of Kansas, 2005, p. 109
  4. John Jordan, Stephen Dent, Warship 2008, Conway Maritime Press, 2008, p. 112
  5. Robert Forczyk, Where the Iron Crosses Grow: The Crimea 1941–44, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014, p. 39
  6. Antony Preston, Warship 2001-2002, Conway Maritime Press, 2001, p. 72
  7. Cristian Crăciunoiu, Romanian navy torpedo boats, Modelism, 2003, p. 135
  8. Donald A Bertke, Gordon Smith, Don Kindell, World War II Sea War, Volume 4: Germany Sends Russia to the Allies, Bertke Publications, 2012, p. 134
  9. Jipa Rotaru, Ioan Damaschin, Glorie și dramă: Marina Regală Română, 1940–1945, Ion Cristoiu Publishing, 2000, pp. 34, 50 and 51
  10. Donald A Bertke, Gordon Smith, Don Kindell, World War II Sea War, Volume 5: Air Raid Pearl Harbor. This Is Not a Drill, Bertke Publications, 2013, p. 63
  11. Donald A Bertke, Gordon Smith, Don Kindell, World War II Sea War, Volume 7: The Allies Strike Back, Bertke Publications, 2014, p. 179
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