Akutagawa Prize

The Akutagawa Prize (芥川龍之介賞, Akutagawa Ryūnosuke Shō) is a Japanese literary award presented biannually (twice a year). Because of its prestige and the considerable attention the winner receives from the media, it is, along with the Naoki Prize, one of Japan's most sought after literary prizes.[1][2]

Akutagawa Prize
芥川龍之介賞 (Akutagawa Ryūnosuke Shō)
Awarded for	Best published literary story by a rising author
Date	August 10, 1935
Country	Japan
Presented by	Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature
Reward(s)	¥1,000,000, pocket watch
First awarded	1935
Website	www.bunshun.co.jp/shinkoukai/award/akutagawa/

History

The Akutagawa Prize was established in 1935 by Kan Kikuchi, then-editor of Bungeishunjū magazine, in memory of author Ryūnosuke Akutagawa.[2] It is currently sponsored by the Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature, and is awarded in January and July to the best serious literary story published in a newspaper or magazine by a new or rising author.[1] The winner receives a pocket watch and a cash award of 1 million yen. The judges usually include contemporary writers, literary critics, and former winners of the prize. Occasionally, when consensus cannot be reached between judges over disputes about the winning story or the quality of work for that half year, no prize is awarded. From 1945 through 1948 no prizes were awarded due to postwar instability.[3]

On January 15, 2004, the awarding of the 130th Akutagawa Prize made significant news when two women became the award's youngest winners.[4] The prize went to both Risa Wataya, 19, for her novel I Want to Kick You in the Back (蹴りたい背中, Keritai Senaka) and to Hitomi Kanehara, 20, for her debut novel Snakes and Earrings (蛇にピアス, Hebi ni Piasu). Previously the youngest Akutagawa winners were all males over 23 years old, among them the former Tokyo Governor Shintaro Ishihara and novelist Kenzaburō Ōe.[5] In 2013 Natsuko Kuroda won the 148th Akutagawa Prize at age 75, making her the oldest recipient in the history of the prize.[6]

Controversies

In 1972, Akutagawa winner Akio Miyahara was found to have committed plagiarism.[7][8] In 2018, a similar controversy occurred when the candidate novel Utsukushii Kao by Yuko Hojo was found to have reused text from its nonfiction source material without attribution, but the Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature did not remove the book from the candidate list.[9]

Winners

Bungeishunjū maintains an official archive of current and past winners on behalf of the Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature.[10]

Key

上	Indicates the first half of the given year.
下	Indicates the second half of the given year.

#	Year	Author	Work	Published in
001	1935上	Tatsuzō Ishikawa	Sōbō (蒼氓)	Seiza (星座)
002	1935下	No prize awarded.
003	1936上	Takeo Oda	Jōgai (城外)	Bungaku Seikatsu (文學生活)
003	1936上	Tomoya Tsuruta	Koshamain-Ki (コシャマイン記)	Shōsetsu (小説)
004	1936下	Jun Ishikawa	The Bodhisattva, or, Samantabhadra (普賢, Fugen)	Sakuhin (作品)
004	1936下	Uio Tomisawa	Chichūkai (地中海)	Tōyō (東陽)
005	1937上	Kazuo Ozaki	Rosy Glasses (暢氣眼鏡 他, Nonki Megane)	Jinbutsu Hyōron (人物評論)
006	1937下	Ashihei Hino	Fun'nyōtan (糞尿譚)	Bungaku Kaigi (文學会議)
007	1938上	Gishū Nakayama	Atsumonozaki (厚物咲)	Bungakukai
008	1938下	Tsuneko Nakazato	Noriaibasha, ta (乗合馬車 他)	Bungakukai
009	1939上	Yoshiyuki Handa	Niwatori Sōdō (鶏騒動)	Bungei Shuto (文藝首都)
009	1939上	Ken Hase	Asakusa no Kodomo (あさくさの子供)	(虚實)
010	1939下	Kōtarō Samukawa	Mitsuryōsha (密獵者)	Sōsaku (創作)
011	1940上	No prize awarded.
012	1940下	Tsunehisa Sakurada	Hiraga Gen'nai (平賀源内)	Sakka Seishin (作家精神)
013	1941上	Yūkei Tada	Chōkō Deruta (長江デルタ)	Tairiku Ōrai (大陸往来)
014	1941下	Yoshiko Shibaki	Seika no Ichi (青果の市)	Bungei Shuto (文芸首都)
015	1942上	No prize awarded.
016	1942下	Toshio Kuramitsu	Renrakuin (連絡員)	Seitō (正統)
017	1943上	Kikuzō Ishizuka	Tensoku no Koro (纏足の頃)	Mōkyō Bungaku (蒙疆文學)
018	1943下	Kaoru Tōnobe	Washi (和紙)	Tōhoku Bungaku (東北文學)
019	1944上	Yoshinori Yagi	Ryū Kanfū (劉廣福)	Nihon Bungakusha (日本文學者)
019	1944上	Jūzō Obi	Tōhan (登攀)	Kokumin Bungaku (國民文學)
020	1944下	Motoyoshi Shimizu	Karitachi (雁立)	Nihon Bungakusha (日本文學者)
021	1949上	Tsuyoshi Kotani	Kakushō (確証)	Sakka (作家)
021	1949上	Shigeko Yuki	Hon no Hanashi (本の話)	Sakuhin (作品)
022	1949下	Yasushi Inoue	Bullfight (闘牛, Tōgyū)	Bungakukai
023	1950上	Ryōichi Tsuji	Ihōjin (異邦人)	Shin Shōsetsu (新小説)
024	1950下	No prize awarded.
025	1951上	Kōbō Abe	The Wall ― The Crime of S. Karma (壁―S・カルマ氏の犯罪, Kabe—S. Karuma shi no Hanzai)	Kindai Bungaku
025	1951上	Toshimitsu Ishikawa	Haru no Kusa (春の草 他)	Bungakukai
026	1951下	Yoshie Hotta	Hiroba no Kodoku, Kankan, sono ta (広場の孤独・漢奸その他)	Chūōkōron
027	1952上	No prize awarded.
028	1952下	Kōsuke Gomi	Sōshin (喪神)	Shinchō
028	1952下	Seichō Matsumoto	Aru "Kokura Nikki" Den (或る「小倉日記」伝)	Mita Bungaku
029	1953上	Shōtarō Yasuoka	Bad Company (悪い仲間, Warui Nakama)	Gunzō
			Inki na Tanoshimi (陰気な愉しみ)	Shinchō
030	1953下	No prize awarded.
031	1954上	Junnosuke Yoshiyuki	Sudden Shower and others (驟雨・その他, Shūu, sono ta)	Bungakukai
032	1954下	Nobuo Kojima	The American School (アメリカン・スクール, Amerikan Sukūru)	Bungakukai
032	1954下	Junzō Shōno	Evenings at the Pool (プールサイド小景, Pūrusaido Shōkei)	Gunzō
033	1955上	Shūsaku Endō	White Man (白い人, Shiroi Hito)	Kindai Bungaku
034	1955下	Shintarō Ishihara	Season of Violence (太陽の季節, Taiyō no Kisetsu)	Bungakukai
035	1956上	Keitarō Kondō	Amabune (海人舟)	Bungakukai
036	1956下	No prize awarded.
037	1957上	Itaru Kikumura	Iōjima (硫黄島)	Bungakukai
038	1957下	Takeshi Kaikō	Hadaka no Ōsama (裸の王様)	Bungakukai
039	1958上	Kenzaburō Ōe	Prize Stock (飼育, Shiiku)	Bungakukai
040	1958下	No prize awarded.
041	1959上	Shirō Shiba	Santō (山塔)	Waseda Bungaku
042	1959下	No prize awarded.
043	1960上	Morio Kita	Yoru to Kiri no Sumi de (夜と霧の隅で)	Shinchō
044	1960下	Tetsuo Miura	Shinobukawa (忍ぶ川)	Shinchō
045	1961上	No prize awarded.
046	1961下	Kōichirō Uno	Kujiragami (鯨神)	Bungakukai
047	1962上	Akira Kawamura	Bidan no Shuppatsu (美談の出発)	Bungakugai (文学街)
048	1962下	No prize awarded.
049	1963上	Kiichi Gotō	Shōnen no Hashi (少年の橋)	Yamagata Bungaku (山形文学)
049	1963上	Taeko Kōno	Crabs (蟹, Kani)	Bungakukai
050	1963下	Seiko Tanabe	Kanshō Ryokō (Senchimentaru Jāni) (感傷旅行 センチメンタル・ジャーニィ)	Kōro (航路)
051	1964上	Shō Shibata	Saredo Wareraga Hibi (されどわれらが日々──)	Zō (象)
052	1964下	No prize awarded.
053	1965上	Setsuko Tsumura	Gangu (玩具)	Bungakukai
054	1965下	Yūichi Takai	Kita no Kawa (北の河)	Sai (犀)
055	1966上	No prize awarded.
056	1966下	Kenji Maruyama	Natsu no Nagare (夏の流れ)	Bungakukai
057	1967上	Tatsuhiro Ōshiro	The Cocktail Party (カクテル・パーティー, Kakuteru Pātī)	Shin Okinawa Bungaku (新沖縄文学)
058	1967下	Hyōzō Kashiwabara	Tokuyama Dōsuke no Kikyō (徳山道助の帰郷)	Shinchō
059	1968上	Saiichi Maruya	Toshi no Nokori (年の残り)	Bungakukai
059	1968上	Minako Ōba	The Three Crabs (三匹の蟹, Sanbiki no Kani)	Gunzō
060	1968下	No prize awarded.
061	1969上	Kaoru Shōji	Akazukin-chan Ki o Tsukete (赤頭巾ちゃん気をつけて)	Chūōkōron
061	1969上	Hideo Takubo	Fukai Kawa (深い河)	Shinchō
062	1969下	Takayuki Kiyooka	Akashiya no Dairen (アカシヤの大連)	Gunzō
063	1970上	Tomoko Yoshida	Mumyōjōya (無明長夜)	Shinchō
063	1970上	Komao Furuyama	Pureō 8 no Yoake (プレオー8の夜明け)	Bungei
064	1970下	Yoshikichi Furui	Yoko (杳子, Yōko)	Bungei
065	1971上	No prize awarded.
066	1971下	Kaisei Ri	Kinuta o Utsu Onna (砧をうつ女)	Kikan Geijutsu (季刊芸術)
066	1971下	Mineo Higashi	Child of Okinawa (オキナワの少年, Okinawa no Shōnen)	Bungakukai
067	1972上	Hiroshi Hatayama	Itsuka Kiteki o Narashite (いつか汽笛を鳴らして)	Bungakukai
067	1972上	Akio Miyahara	Dareka ga Sawatta (誰かが触った)	Bungei
068	1972下	Michiko Yamamoto	Betty's Garden (ベティさんの庭, Betei-san no Niwa)	Shinchō
068	1972下	Shizuko Gō	Requiem (れくいえむ, Rekuiemu)	Bungakukai
069	1973上	Taku Miki	Hiwa (鶸)	Subaru
070	1973下	Kuninobu Noro	Kusa no Tsurugi (草のつるぎ)	Bungakukai
070	1973下	Atsushi Mori	Gassan (月山)	Kikan Geijutsu (季刊芸術)
071	1974上	No prize awarded.
072	1974下	Keizō Hino	Ano Yūhi (あの夕陽)	Shinchō
072	1974下	Hiro Sakata	Tsuchi no Utsuwa (土の器)	Bungakukai
073	1975上	Kyōko Hayashi	Ritual of Death (祭りの場, Matsuri no Ba)	Gunzō
074	1975下	Kenji Nakagami	The Cape (岬, Misaki)	Bungakukai
074	1975下	Kazuo Okamatsu	Shikanoshima (志賀島)	Bungakukai
075	1976上	Ryū Murakami	Almost Transparent Blue (限りなく透明に近いブルー, Kagirinaku Tōmei ni Chikai Burū)	Gunzō
076	1976下	No prize awarded.
077	1977上	Masahiro Mita	Bokutte Nani (僕って何)	Bungei
077	1977上	Masuo Ikeda	Ēgekai ni Sasagu (エーゲ海に捧ぐ)	Shōsetsu Yasei Jidai
078	1977下	Teru Miyamoto	River of Fireflies (螢川, Hotarugawa)	Bungei Tenbō (文芸展望)
078	1977下	Shūzō Taki	Kaya no Ki Matsuri (榧の木祭り)	Shinchō
079	1978上	Kiichirō Takahashi	Nobuyo (伸予)	Bungei
079	1978上	Michitsuna Takahashi	Kugatsu no Sora (九月の空)	Bungei
080	1978下	No prize awarded.
081	1979上	Yoshiko Shigekane	The Smoke in the Mountain Valley (やまあいの煙, Yamaai no Kemuri)	Bungakukai
081	1979上	Sō Aono	Gusha no Yoru (愚者の夜)	Bungakukai
082	1979下	Reiko Mori	Mokkingubādo no Iru Machi (モッキングバードのいる町)	Shinchō
083	1980上	No prize awarded.
084	1980下	Katsuhiko Otsuji	Chichi ga Kieta (父が消えた)	Bungakukai
085	1981上	Rie Yoshiyuki	Chisana Kifujin (小さな貴婦人)	Shinchō
086	1981下	No prize awarded.
087	1982上	No prize awarded.
088	1982下	Yukiko Katō	Yume no Kabe (夢の壁)	Shinchō
088	1982下	Jūrō Kara	Sagawa-kun Kara no Tegami (佐川君からの手紙)	Bungei
089	1983上	No prize awarded.
090	1983下	Jun Kasahara	Mokuji no Sekai (杢二の世界)	Kaien
090	1983下	Nobuko Takagi	Hikari Idaku Tomo yo (光抱く友よ)	Shinchō
091	1984上	No prize awarded.
092	1984下	Satoko Kizaki	The Phoenix Tree (青桐, Aogiri)	Bungakukai
093	1985上	No prize awarded.
094	1985下	Fumiko Kometani	Passover (過越しの祭, Sugikoshi no matsuri)	Shinchō
095	1986上	No prize awarded.
096	1986下	No prize awarded.
097	1987上	Kiyoko Murata	Nabe no Naka (鍋の中)	Bungakukai
098	1987下	Natsuki Ikezawa	Still Life (スティル・ライフ, Sutiru Raifu)	Chūōkōron
098	1987下	Kiyohiro Miura	He's Leaving Home: My Young Son Becomes a Zen Monk (長男の出家, Chōnan no Shukke)	Kaien
099	1988上	Man Arai	Tazunebito no Jikan (尋ね人の時間)	Bungakukai
100	1988下	Keishi Nagi	Daiyamondo Dasuto (ダイヤモンドダスト)	Bungakukai
100	1988下	Lee Yangji	Yuhi (由煕)	Gunzō
101	1989上	No prize awarded.
102	1989下	Akira Ōoka	Hyōsō Seikatsu (表層生活)	Bungakukai
102	1989下	Mieko Takizawa	Nekobaba no Iru Machi de (ネコババのいる町で)	Bungakukai
103	1990上	Noboru Tsujihara	Mura no Namae (村の名前)	Bungakukai
104	1990下	Yōko Ogawa	Pregnancy Diary (妊娠カレンダー, Ninshin Karendā)	Bungakukai
105	1991上	Yō Henmi	Jidō Kishō Sōchi (自動起床装置)	Bungakukai
105	1991上	Anna Ogino	Seoimizu (背負い水)	Bungakukai
106	1991下	Eiko Matsumura	Shikō Seisho Apatōn (至高聖所 アバトーン)	Kaien
107	1992上	Tomomi Fujiwara	Untenshi (運転士)	Gunzō
108	1992下	Yōko Tawada	The Bridegroom Was a Dog (犬婿入り, Inu mukoiri)	Gunzō
109	1993上	Haruhiko Yoshimeki	Sekiryō Kōya (寂寥郊野)	Gunzō
110	1993下	Hikaru Okuizumi	The Stones Cry Out (石の来歴, Ishi no Raireki)	Bungakukai
111	1994上	Mitsuhiro Muroi	Odorudeku (おどるでく)	Gunzō
111	1994上	Yoriko Shōno	Taimu Surippu Konbināto (タイムスリップ・コンビナート)	Bungakukai
112	1994下	No prize awarded.
113	1995上	Kazushi Hosaka	Kono Hito no Iki (この人の閾)	Shinchō
114	1995下	Eiki Matayoshi	Buta no Mukui (豚の報い)	Bungakukai
115	1996上	Hiromi Kawakami	Hebi o Fumu (蛇を踏む)	Bungakukai
116	1996下	Hitonari Tsuji	Kaikyō no Hikari (海峡の光)	Shinchō
116	1996下	Yū Miri	Kazoku Shinema (家族シネマ)	Gunzō
117	1997上	Shun Medoruma	Droplets (水滴, Suiteki)	Bungakukai
118	1997下	No prize awarded.
119	1998上	Mangetsu Hanamura	Gerumaniamu no Yoru (ゲルマニウムの夜)	Bungakukai
119	1998上	Shū Fujisawa	Buenosu Airesu Gozen Reiji (ブエノスアイレス午前零時)	Bungei
120	1998下	Keiichirō Hirano	Nisshoku (日蝕)	Shinchō
121	1999上	No prize awarded.
122	1999下	Gen Getsu	Kage no Sumika (蔭の棲みか)	Bungakukai
122	1999下	Chiya Fujino	Natsu no Yakusoku (夏の約束)	Gunzō
123	2000上	Kō Machida	Kiregire (きれぎれ)	Bungakukai
123	2000上	Hisaki Matsuura	Hana Kutashi (花腐し)	Gunzō
124	2000下	Yūichi Seirai	Seisui (聖水)	Bungakukai
124	2000下	Toshiyuki Horie	The Bear and the Paving Stone (熊の敷石, Kuma no Shikiishi)	Gunzō
125	2001上	Sōkyū Gen'yū	Chūin no Hana (中陰の花)	Bungakukai
126	2001下	Yū Nagashima	Mō-Supīdo de Haha wa (猛スピードで母は)	Bungakukai
127	2002上	Shūichi Yoshida	Pāku Raifu (パーク・ライフ)	Bungakukai
128	2002下	Tamaki Daidō	Shoppai Doraibu (しょっぱいドライブ)	Bungakukai
129	2003上	Man'ichi Yoshimura	Hariganemushi (ハリガネムシ)	Bungakukai
130	2003下	Hitomi Kanehara	Snakes and Earrings (蛇にピアス, Hebi ni Piasu)	Subaru
130	2003下	Risa Wataya	I Want to Kick You in the Back (蹴りたい背中, Keritai Senaka)	Bungei
131	2004上	Norio Mobu	Kaigo Nyūmon (介護入門)	Bungakukai
132	2004下	Kazushige Abe	Gurando Fināre (グランド･フィナーレ)	Gunzō
133	2005上	Fuminori Nakamura	The Boy in the Earth (土の中の子供, Tsuchi no Naka no Kodomo)	Shinchō
134	2005下	Akiko Itoyama	Waiting in the Offing (沖で待つ, Oki de Matsu)	Bungakukai
135	2006上	Takami Itō	Hachigatsu no Rojō ni Suteru (八月の路上に捨てる)	Bungakukai
136	2006下	Nanae Aoyama	Hitori Biyori (ひとり日和)	Bungei
137	2007上	Tetsushi Suwa	Asatte no Hito (アサッテの人)	Gunzō
138	2007下	Mieko Kawakami	Breasts and Eggs (乳と卵, Chichi to Ran)	Bungakukai
139	2008上	Yang Yi	Toki ga Nijimu Asa (時が滲む朝)	Bungakukai
140	2008下	Kikuko Tsumura	Potosu Raimu no Fune (ポトスライムの舟)	Gunzō
141	2009上	Ken'ichirō Isozaki	Tsui no Sumika (終の住処)	Shinchō
142	2009下	No prize awarded.
143	2010上	Akiko Akazome	Otome no Mikkoku (乙女の密告)	Shinchō
144	2010下	Mariko Asabuki	Kikotowa (きことわ)	Shinchō
144	2010下	Kenta Nishimura	Kueki Ressha (苦役列車)	Shinchō
145	2011上	No prize awarded.
146	2011下	Toh EnJoe	Harlequin's Butterfly (道化師の蝶, Dōkeshi no Chō)	Gunzō
146	2011下	Shinya Tanaka	Tomogui (共喰い)	Subaru
147	2012上	Maki Kashimada	Touring the Land of the Dead (冥土めぐり, Meido Meguri)	Bungei
148	2012下	Natsuko Kuroda	ab Sango (ａｂさんご)	Waseda Bungaku
149	2013上	Kaori Fujino	Tsume to Me (爪と目)[11]	Shinchō
150	2013下	Hiroko Oyamada	The Hole (穴, Ana)[12]	Shinchō
151	2014上	Tomoka Shibasaki	Spring Garden (春の庭, Haru no Niwa)[13]	Bungakukai
152	2014下	Masatsugu Ono	Kyūnenmae no Inori (九年前の祈り)[14]	Gunzō
153	2015上	Keisuke Hada	Sukurappu Ando Birudo (スクラップ・アンド・ビルド)	Bungakukai
153	2015上	Naoki Matayoshi	Spark (火花, Hibana)	Bungakukai
154	2015下	Yūshō Takiguchi	Shinde Inai Mono (死んでいない者)	Bungakukai
154	2015下	Yukiko Motoya	Irui Konin Tan (異類婚姻譚)	Gunzō
155	2016上	Sayaka Murata	Convenience Store Woman (コンビニ人間, Konbini Ningen)	Bungakukai
156	2016下	Sumito Yamashita	Shinsekai (しんせかい)[15]	Shinchō
157	2017上	Shinsuke Numata	Eiri (影裏)[16]	Bungakukai
158	2017下	Chisako Wakatake	Ora Ora de Hitori Igumo (おらおらでひとりいぐも)[17]	Bungei
158	2017下	Yūka Ishii	Hyakunen Doro (百年泥)	Shinchō
159	2018上	Hiroki Takahashi	Okuribi (送り火)[18]	Bungakukai
160	2018下	Ryōhei Machiya	1R 1-Pun 34-Byō (1R1分34秒)[19]	Shinchō
160	2018下	Takahiro Ueda	Nimuroddo (ニムロッド)[19]	Gunzō
161	2019上	Natsuko Imamura	Murasaki no Sukāto no Onna (むらさきのスカートの女)[20]	Shōsetsu Tripper
162	2019下	Makoto Furukawa	Seitaka Awadachisō (背高泡立草)[21]	Subaru
163	2020上	Haruka Tono	Hakyoku (破局)[22]	Bungei
163	2020上	Haneko Takayama	Shuri no Uma (首里の馬)[23]	Shinchō

Current members of the selection committee

• Toshiyuki Horie
• Hiromi Kawakami
• Ryū Murakami
• Teru Miyamoto
• Yōko Ogawa
• Hikaru Okuizumi
• Masahiko Shimada
• Nobuko Takagi
• Amy Yamada

See also

• List of Japanese literary awards

References

1. Fukue, Natsuko (February 14, 2012). "Literary awards run spectrum". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on February 15, 2012. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
2. Mack, Edward (2004). "Accounting for Taste: The Creation of the Akutagawa and Naoki Prizes for Literature". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 64 (2): 291–340. doi:10.2307/25066744. JSTOR 25066744.
3. "Akutagawa Prize". Books from Japan. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
4. Onishi, Norimitsu (March 27, 2004). "Just 20, She Captures Altered Japan in a Debut Novel". The New York Times. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
5. "Women become youngest recipients of literary award". The Japan Times. 16 January 2004. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
6. "Natsuko Kuroda, 75, becomes oldest Akutagawa literary award winner". The Japan Times. January 17, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
7. Beauchamp, Nancy Junko (May 1974). "Modern Japanese Novels in English: A Selected Bibliography" (PDF). Service Center Paper on Asian Studies (7).
8. Yi-ling Lin (2011). "Plagiarism, Hiroshima, and Intertextuality: Ibuse Masuji's Black Rain Reconsidered". 19 (2). 麗沢学際ジャーナル (Urarasawa interdisciplinary journal): 43. Retrieved August 19, 2014. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
9. Ohara, Kazuki (July 18, 2018). "Akutagawa literary prize candidate causing stir over alleged plagiarism". Mainichi Shimbun. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
10. "芥川賞受賞者一覧" (in Japanese). 日本文学振興会 (Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
11. "Fujino wins Akutagawa award; Sakuragi gets Naoki prize". Japan Times. July 17, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
12. "Literature prizes elevate women". Japan Times. January 25, 2014. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
13. "Akutagawa, Naoki literary awards go to Shibasaki, Kurokawa". The Japan Times. July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 18, 2014.
14. "Ono wins Akutagawa literary award; Nishi wins Naoki Prize". The Japan Times. January 16, 2015.
15. "Sumito Yamashita claims 156th Akutagawa Prize". The Japan Times. January 20, 2017.
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