Alpha-L-fucosidase
In enzymology, an alpha-L-fucosidase (EC 3.2.1.51) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- an alpha-L-fucoside + H2O L-fucose + an alcohol
| Alpha-L-fucosidase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 crystal structure of thermotoga maritima alpha-fucosidase | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Alpha_L_fucos | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF01120 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0058 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000933 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00324 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1hl9 / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| CAZy | GH29 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| alpha-L-fucosidase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC number | 3.2.1.51 | ||||||||
| CAS number | 9037-65-4 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are alpha-L-fucoside and H2O, whereas its two products are L-fucose and alcohol.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those glycosidases that hydrolyse O- and S-glycosyl compounds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is alpha-L-fucoside fucohydrolase. This enzyme is also called alpha-fucosidase. This enzyme participates in n-glycan degradation and glycan structures - degradation.
Deficiency of this enzyme is called Fucosidosis.
In CAZy, alpha-L-fucosidases are found in glycoside hydrolase family 29 and glycoside hydrolase family 95.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1HL8, 1HL9, and 1ODU.
Human medical studies
It was in a recent study by Endreffy, Bjørklund and collaborators (2017) found an association between the activity of α-L-fucosidase-1 (FUCA-1) and chronic autoimmune disorders in children.[1] This should encourage further research on FUCA-1 as a marker of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.
References
- Endreffy I, Bjørklund G, Szerafin L, Urbina MA, Chirumbolo S, Endreffy E. Plasma alpha-L-fucosidase activity in chronic inflammation and autoimmune disorders in a pediatric cohort of hospitalized patients. Immunologic Research 2017. doi: 10.1007/s12026-017-8943-x.
Further reading
- Levvy GA, Mcallan A (August 1961). "Mammalian fucosidases. 2. alpha-L-Fucosidase". The Biochemical Journal. 80 (2): 435–9. doi:10.1042/bj0800435. PMC 1244021. PMID 13761578.
- Reglero A, Cabezas JA (July 1976). "Glycosidases of molluscs. Purification and properties of alpha-L-fucosidase from Chamelea gallina L". European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS. 66 (2): 379–87. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10527.x. PMID 7458.
- Tanaka K, Nakano T, Noguchi S, Pigman W (August 1968). "Purification of alpha-L-fucosidase of abalone livers". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 126 (2): 624–33. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(68)90449-9. PMID 5672520.