Amblyopsis

Amblyopsis
	Ozark cavefish A. rosae
	Northern cavefish A. spelaea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Percopsiformes
Family:	Amblyopsidae
Genus:	Amblyopsis; DeKay, 1842
Type species
	Amblyopsis spelaeus; DeKay, 1842

Amblyopsis is a genus of small (up to 11 cm or 4.3 in long) fish in the family Amblyopsidae that are endemic to the central and eastern United States.[1] Like other cavefish, they lack pigmentation and are blind.[2] The most recently described species was in 2014.[3] Uniquely among fish, Amblyopsis brood their eggs in the gill chambers (somewhat like mouthbrooders).[4] It was formerly incorrectly speculated that the same brooding behavior existed in other genera in the family and in the pirate perch (Aphredoderus sayanus).[4][5]

Species

There are currently 3 species of this genus:[1]

Amblyopsis hoosieri Niemiller, Prejean & Chakrabarty, 2014 (Hoosier cavefish)[3]
Amblyopsis rosae C. H. Eigenmann, 1898 (Ozark cavefish)
Amblyopsis spelaea DeKay, 1842 (northern cavefish)

References

Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Amblyopsis in FishBase. May 2017 version.
Darwin, Charles (1979). The Origin of Species (1st ed.). New York: Avenel Books. p. 179. ISBN 0-517-30978-5.
Chakrabarty, P.; Prejean, J.A.; Niemiller, M.L. (2014). "The Hoosier cavefish, a new and endangered species (Amblyopsidae, Amblyopsis) from the caves of southern Indiana". ZooKeys (412): 41–57. doi:10.3897/zookeys.412.7245. PMC 4042695. PMID 24899861.
Armbruster, J.W.; M.L. Niemiller & P.B. Hart (2016). "Morphological Evolution of the Cave-, Spring-, and Swampfishes of the Amblyopsidae (Percopsiformes)". Copeia. 104 (3): 763–777. doi:10.1643/ci-15-339. S2CID 53608365.
Fletcher, D.E.; Dakin, E.E.; Porter, B.A.; Avise, J.C. (2004). "Spawning behavior and genetic parentage in the pirate perch (Aphredoderus sayanus), a fish with an enigmatic reproductive morphology". Copeia. 2004 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1643/ce-03-160r. S2CID 37827490.

Bibliography

Darwin, Charles (1979). The Origin of Species. John Murray. ISBN 0-517-30978-5.

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[FishBase-1] Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Amblyopsis in FishBase. May 2017 version.

[2] Darwin, Charles (1979). The Origin of Species (1st ed.). New York: Avenel Books. p. 179. ISBN 0-517-30978-5.

[Chakrabarty2014-3] Chakrabarty, P.; Prejean, J.A.; Niemiller, M.L. (2014). "The Hoosier cavefish, a new and endangered species (Amblyopsidae, Amblyopsis) from the caves of southern Indiana". ZooKeys (412): 41–57. doi:10.3897/zookeys.412.7245. PMC 4042695. PMID 24899861.

[Armbruster2016-4] Armbruster, J.W.; M.L. Niemiller & P.B. Hart (2016). "Morphological Evolution of the Cave-, Spring-, and Swampfishes of the Amblyopsidae (Percopsiformes)". Copeia. 104 (3): 763–777. doi:10.1643/ci-15-339. S2CID 53608365.

[5] Fletcher, D.E.; Dakin, E.E.; Porter, B.A.; Avise, J.C. (2004). "Spawning behavior and genetic parentage in the pirate perch (Aphredoderus sayanus), a fish with an enigmatic reproductive morphology". Copeia. 2004 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1643/ce-03-160r. S2CID 37827490.