Anablepsoides

Anablepsoides is a genus of killifish in the family Rivulidae[3] native to tropical South America and the Lesser Antilles. The majority are from the Amazon and Orinoco basins, as well as freshwater systems in the Guiana Shield, but a few species are from northern Venezuela, northeastern Brazil (Tocantins River basin, as well as systems in Ceará and Maranhão) and the Lesser Antilles (Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, Martinique and Margarita).[4][5] Although largely restricted to lowlands, a few species occur in the lower East Andean foothills. They are mostly found in shallow fresh water swamps, streams, edges of rivers, ponds and pools, but a few may occur in brackish estuaries. They are able to jump over land and breathe air for short periods, allowing them to access isolated waters inhabited by few or no other fish.[4][5] Several Anablepsoides species have small distributions and some are seriously threatened by habitat loss; the entire known range of A. xinguensis is in the area flooded by the Belo Monte Dam.[6]

Anablepsoides
Anablepsoides lanceolatus, top. Others are Laimosemion frenatus (just below Anablepsoides lanceolatus), Poecilia vivipara (two large fish in middle) and Poecilia parae (two lowermost fish).
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cyprinodontiformes
Family:	Rivulidae
Genus:	Anablepsoides Huber, 1992
Type species
Rivulus atratus Garman, 1895[1]
Synonyms[2]
Benirivulus Costa, 2006 Oditichthys Huber, 1999

Similar to closely related genera such as Atlantirivulus, Cynodonichthys, Laimosemion and Melanorivulus, Anablepsoides are non-annual killifish.[7]

The largest, A. igneus, is up to 15 cm (5.9 in) in total length, but the vast majority of the Anablepsoides species only reach about half that size or less.[3]

Species

Until 2011, Anablepsoides were included in Rivulus,[4] and some prefer to maintain them in that genus.[8]

If recognized as a valid genus, there are currently 56 species in Anablepsoides:[3]

• Anablepsoides amanan (W. J. E. M. Costa & Lazzarotto, 2008)
• Anablepsoides amphoreus (Huber, 1979)
• Anablepsoides atratus (Garman, 1895)
• Anablepsoides bahianus (Huber, 1990)
• Anablepsoides beniensis (G. S. Myers, 1927)
• Anablepsoides bondi (L. P. Schultz, 1949)
• Anablepsoides cajariensis (W. J. E. M. Costa & de Luca, 2011)[9]
• Anablepsoides caurae (Radda, 2004)
• Anablepsoides cearensis (W. J. E. M. Costa & Vono, 2009)
• Anablepsoides chapare Valdesalici (sv) & García-Gil, 2017[10]
• Anablepsoides christinae (Huber, 1992)
• Anablepsoides corpulentus (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1993)[10]
• Anablepsoides cryptocallus (Seegers, 1980)
• Anablepsoides deltaphilus (Seegers, 1983)
• Anablepsoides derhami (Fels & Huber, 1985)
• Anablepsoides elongatus (Fels & de Rham, 1981)
• Anablepsoides erberi (Berkenkamp, 1989)
• Anablepsoides fransvermeuleni Valdesalici (sv), 2015[11]
• Anablepsoides gamae W. J. E. M. Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013[12]
• Anablepsoides gaucheri (Keith, Nandrin & Le Bail, 2006)
• Anablepsoides hartii (Boulenger, 1890)
• Anablepsoides henschelae W. J. E. M. Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013[12]
• Anablepsoides hoetmeri D. T. B. Nielsen, Baptista & van der Berg, 2016[13]
• Anablepsoides holmiae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909)
• Anablepsoides igneus (Huber, 1991)
• Anablepsoides immaculatus (Thomerson, Nico & Taphorn, 1991)
• Anablepsoides intermittens (Fels & de Rham, 1981)
• Anablepsoides iridescens (Fels & de Rham, 1981)
• Anablepsoides jari W. J. E. M. Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013[12]
• Anablepsoides jucundus (Huber, 1992)
• Anablepsoides lanceolatus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909)
• Anablepsoides limoncochae (Hoedeman, 1962)
• Anablepsoides lineasoppilatae Valdesalici (sv) & I. Schindler, 2013[14]
• Anablepsoides luitalimae D. T. B. Nielsen, 2016[15]
• Anablepsoides lungi (Berkenkamp, 1984)
• Anablepsoides mazaruni (G. S. Myers, 1924)
• Anablepsoides micropus (Steindachner, 1863)
• Anablepsoides monticola (Staeck & I. Schindler, 1997)
• Anablepsoides ophiomimus (Huber, 1992)
• Anablepsoides ornatus (Garman, 1895)
• Anablepsoides ottonii W. J. E. M. Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013[12]
• Anablepsoides parlettei (Valdesalici (sv) & I. Schindler, 2011)[16]
• Anablepsoides peruanus (Regan, 1903)
• Anablepsoides roraima W. J. E. M. Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013[12]
• Anablepsoides rubrolineatus (Fels & de Rham, 1981)
• Anablepsoides speciosus (Fels & de Rham, 1981)
• Anablepsoides stagnatus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909)
• Anablepsoides taeniatus (Fowler, 1945)
• Anablepsoides tessellatus (Huber, 1992)
• Anablepsoides tocantinensis (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2010)[17]
• Anablepsoides urophthalmus (Günther, 1866)
• Anablepsoides urubuiensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 2013[18]
• Anablepsoides vieirai D. T. B. Nielsen, 2016[15]
• Anablepsoides waimacui (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909)
• Anablepsoides xanthonotus (C. G. E. Ahl, 1926)
• Anablepsoides xinguensis (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2010)[17]

References

1. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Anablepsoides". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
2. Rivulidae. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "CAS - Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
3. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2018). Species of Anablepsoides in FishBase. November 2018 version.
4. Costa, W.J.E.M. (2011). "Phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of Anablepsoides, Atlantirivulus, Cynodonichthys, Laimosemion and Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. 22 (3): 233–249.
5. Andrews, O. (2015). Anablepsoides hartii (Jumping Guabine). The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
6. Nielsen, D.T.B.; M. Martins; R. Britzke (2014). "Description of a new species of annual fish, Maratecoara gesmonei (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the rio Xingu system, Amazon basin, Brazil". aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology. 20 (2): 87–96.
7. Berois, N.; G. García; R.O. de Sá, eds. (2015). Annual Fishes: Life History Strategy, Diversity, and Evolution. CRC Press. pp. 16–19. ISBN 9781482299717.
8. Huber, J.H. (2012). "Reappraisal of the Phylogeny of Rivulus and its Allied focused on External Characters". Killi-Data Series. 2012: 9–25.
9. Costa, W.J.E.M. & De Luca, A.C. (2011): Rivulus cajariensis, a new killifish from the Guiana Shield of Brazil, eastern Amazon (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 21 (4): 353-358.
10. Valdesalici, S. & García Gil, J.R. (2017): Anablepsoides chapare, a new killifish (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Cynolebiidae) from central Bolivia. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 23 (1): 11-18.
11. Valdesalici, S. (2015): Anablepsoides fransvermeuleni, a new killifish from Suriname (Teleostei: Rivulidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 26 (3): 241-248.
12. Costa, W.J.E.M., Bragança, P.H.N. & Amorim, P.F. (2013): Five new species of the killifish genus Anablepsoides from the Brazilian Amazon (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). Archived 2019-07-16 at the Wayback Machine Vertebrate Zoology, 63 (3): 283-293.
13. Nielsen, D.T.B., Baptista, A.C.Jr. & van der Berg, L. (2016): Anablepsoides hoetmeri, a new rivulid (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from Rio Purus drainage, western Amazon basin, Brazil. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 22 (2): 69-78.
14. Valdesalici, S. & Schindler, I. (2013): Anablepsoides lineasoppilatae, a new killifish (Teleostei: Rivulidae) from south-eastern Peru. Vertebrate Zoology, 63 (3): 295-300.
15. Nielsen, D.T.B. (2016): Description of two new species of Anablepsoides (Cyprinodontiformes: Cynolebiidae) from Rio Madeira, Amazon drainage, Rondônia state and from Rio Itapecurú, Maranhão state, Brazil. aqua International Journal of Ichthyology, 22 (4): 165-176.
16. Valdesalici, S. & Schindler, I. (2011): Description of a new killifish of the genus Rivulus (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from south eastern Peru. Archived 2016-11-01 at the Wayback Machine Vertebrate Zoology, 61 (3): 313-320.
17. Costa, W.J.E.M. (2010): Two new species of the Rivulus urophthalmus group from the Tocantins and Xingu river drainages, eastern Brazilian Amazon (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 21 (1): 79-85.
18. Costa, W.J.E.M. (2013): Anablepsoides urubuiensis, a new killifish from central Brazilian Amazon (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (4): 345-349.