Asplenium adiantum-nigrum

Asplenium adiantum-nigrum is a common species of fern known by the common name black spleenwort.[3] It is found mostly in Africa, Europe, and Eurasia, but is also native to a few locales in Mexico and the United States.[3][4]

Asplenium adiantum-nigrum

Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Aspleniaceae
Genus: Asplenium
Species:
A. adiantum-nigrum
Binomial name
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum
Synonyms[2]

Description

This spleenwort has thick, triangular leaf blades up to 10 centimeters long which are divided into several subdivided segments. It is borne on a reddish green petiole and the rachis is shiny and slightly hairy. The undersides of each leaf segment have one or more sori[4] arranged in chains.[5]

Taxonomy

A chloroplast phylogeny verified the allopolyploid origin of A. adiantum-nigrum, with A. cuneifolium supplying the paternal genome and A. onopteris the maternal genome.[6]

Native distribution
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum is native to:
Africa
Asia
Europe
Macaronesia
North America
Oceania

In Hawaii, this native fern grows on cinder cones and lava flows,[7] and it is present in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.[5]

References
  1.  Asplenium adiantum-nigrum was originally described and published in Species Plantarum 2: 1081. 1753. "Name - Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L." Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 4, 2011. Annotation: as "Adiant. nigrum"
  2. "Name - Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L. synonyms". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
  3. "Asplenium adiantum-nigrum". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved November 4, 2011.
  4. Wagner, Warren H., Jr.; Moran, Robbin C.; Werth, Charles R. (1993). "Asplenium adiantum-nigrum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico. 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  5. Esser, Lora L. 1994. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer).
  6. Xu et al. 2020, p. 46.
  7. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum. The Nature Conservancy.
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