Azamgarh

Azamgarh is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Azamgarh division, which consists of Ballia, Mau and Azamgarh districts. Azamgarh is situated on the bank of Tamsa River (Tons). It is located 268 km (167 mi) east of the state capital Lucknow.

This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Azamgarh district. For its namesake division, see Azamgarh division.

Azamgarh
City
Azamgarh Railway Station
Azamgarh
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
Azamgarh
Azamgarh (India)
Coordinates: 26.068°N 83.184°E / 26.068; 83.184
Country India
StateUttar Pradesh
DistrictAzamgarh
Government
 • MLADurga Prasad Yadav[1]
 • MPAkhilesh Yadav (SP)
Elevation
64 m (210 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total116,165
Language
 • OfficialHindi[2]
 • Additional officialUrdu[2]
 • LocalBhojpuri[3]
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
PIN
276001
Area code(s)05462
Vehicle registrationUP-50
AirportAzamgarh Airport
Websiteazamgarh.nic.in

History

Azamgarh, one of the easternmost districts(a district in Purvanchal sub-region) of Uttar Pradesh, once formed a part of the ancient Kosala kingdom, except its north-eastern part. Azamgarh is also known as the land of the sage Durvasa whose ashram was located in Phulpur tehsil, near the confluence of Tamsa and Majhuee rivers, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of the Phulpur.

The district is named after its headquarters town, Azamgarh, which was founded in 1665 by Azam, son of Vikramajit. Vikramajit was a descendant of Gautam Rajputs of Mehnagar in Pargana Nizamabad who like some of his predecessors had embraced the faith of Islam. He had a Muslim wife who bore him two sons Azam and Azmat. While Azam gave his name to the town of Azamgarh, and the fort, Azmat constructed the fort and settled the bazaar of Azmatgarh pargana Sagri.[4] After the attack of Chabile Ram, Azmat Khan fled northwards followed by the interior forces. He attempted to cross the Ghaghra into Gorakhpur, but the people on the other side opposed his landing, and he was either shot in mid stream or was drowned in attempting to escape by swimming.

In 1688 A.D. during Azmat's lifetime, his eldest son Ekram took part in the management of the state, and after Azam's death he was perhaps left in possession together with Mohhabat, another son. The remaining two sons were taken away and for a time detained as hostages for their brothers' 'good behaviour'.

The successor of Ikram finally confirmed the title of his family to the Jamidari. Ikram left no heirs and was succeeded by Iradat, son of Mohhabat. But the real ruler all along had been Mohhabat, and after Ikram's death, he continued to rule in his son's name.

Geography

Azamgarh has an average elevation of 64 metres (209 feet).[5] The district consists of a series of parallel ridges, whose summits are depressed into beds or hollows, along which the rivers flow; while between the ridges are low-lying rice lands, interspersed with numerous natural reservoirs.[6] The soil is fertile, and very highly cultivated, bearing good crops of rice, sugarcane, and wheat and orchards of mango and guava. Maize, gram, corn, mustard are other major crops

Transport

Road
Azamgarh Mumbai LTT Weekly Express at Azamgarh station

Azamgarh is connected with Lucknow 268 km (167 mi) and Delhi 761 km (473 mi) by road. It has one of the biggest bus depots in eastern Uttar Pradesh and regular bus services to almost all district headquarters of Uttar Pradesh and also to Delhi.

Train

Azamgarh station is one of the most important of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Azamgarh is directly connected to Delhi by Kaifiyat express, to Mumbai by Mumbai LTT – Azamgarh Weekly Express, Godaan express, to Ahmedabad, the state capital Lucknow, Jaipur, Ajmer, and Amritsar, to Kolkata by KOAA AMH Express (13137).

Air

Azamgarh has a new airport, Manduri Airport, 9 km (5.6 mi) away. The nearest international airport is Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport (Varanasi), 100 km (62 mi) away.

Demographics

As per the provisional data of the 2011 census, Azamgarh urban agglomeration had a population of 116,165 out of which males were 60,678, and females were 55,487. The literacy rate was 86 percent.[7]

Climate

Azamgarh experiences a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa) with large variations between summer and winter temperatures.[8][9] Summers are long, from early April to October with intervening monsoon seasons, and are also extremely hot, even by South Asian standards. The temperature ranges between 22 and 46 °C (72 and 115 °F) in the summers. Winters in Azamgarh see very large diurnal variations, with warm days and downright cold nights. Cold waves from the Himalayan region cause temperatures to dip across the city in the winter from December to February and temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F) are not uncommon. The average annual rainfall is 1,110 mm (44 in). Fog is common in the winters, while hot dry winds, called loo, blow in the summers.[10] In recent years, the water level of the Tamsa has decreased significantly.

Climate data for Azamgarh
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 19
(67)		 24
(76)		 31
(87)		 37
(98)		 38
(100)		 36
(97)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 31
(87)		 27
(81)		 22
(71)		 30
(86)
Average low °C (°F) 8
(47)		 12
(54)		 17
(62)		 22
(72)		 25
(77)		 27
(80)		 26
(78)		 26
(78)		 24
(76)		 21
(70)		 15
(59)		 11
(51)		 20
(67)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 19.3
(0.76)		 13.5
(0.53)		 10.4
(0.41)		 5.4
(0.21)		 9.0
(0.35)		 100.0
(3.94)		 320.6
(12.62)		 260.4
(10.25)		 231.6
(9.12)		 38.3
(1.51)		 12.9
(0.51)		 4.0
(0.16)		 1,025.4
(40.37)
Source: [11][12]

Literacy

The average literacy rate of Azamgarh town in 2011 was 70.93%, compared to 56.95% in 2001. Male and female literacy were 81.34% and 60.91% respectively. For the 2001 census, In Azamgarh district. the corresponding figures were 71.04% and 43.40% The literate population of Azamgarh district was 2,771,917, of which male and female were 1,559,414 and 1,212,503 respectively.[13]

Education

Azamgarh has a number of educational institutions ranging from basic educational institutions to the higher institution. There are a number of ITIs, polytechnics, defence coaching center and medical colleges also. Some of the well known institutions are:

FM
  • Voice Of Azamgarh (90.8) Community Radio.[15]
  • Air Vividh Bharti (102.2) which Broadcast from Mau District & Covers Azamgarh city too.

Notable people

NB This list is only for people from Azamgarh itself, for those from elsewhere in the district please see Azamgarh district.

See also

References
  1. "Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly (UPLA): Member info". www.upvidhansabhaproceedings.gov.in. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  2. "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
  3. "LINGUISTIC SURVEY OF INDIA PART 2". new.dli.ernet.in. Rashtrapati Bhavan. Archived from the original on 31 July 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2018."Cultural regionalism and Hindi Nationalism : an analysis of identity-formation among Bhojpuri speech community" (PDF). shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in. Shodhganga. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
  4. "Origin of Name of Azamgarh :". Archived from the original on 27 June 2014. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  5. "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Azamgarh". Fallingrain.com. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
  6.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Azamgarh". Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 79.
  7. "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  8. Singh 1975, p. 4.
  9. Pandey 1989, p. 13.
  10. Singh & Rana 2002, p. 27.
  11. "Seasonal Weather Averages". Weather Underground. December 2010. Retrieved 22 December 2010., temperature data from Weather Underground
  12. "Varanasi". Indian Meteorology Department. Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2010., precipitation data from Indian Meteorology Department
  13. "Azamgarh District : Census 2011 data". Census 2011.co.in. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  14. "Shibli National College, Azamgarh". shiblicollege.ac.in. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
  15. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. Profile of Iqbal Abdulla, ESPN.
  17. http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf
  18. "Padma Shri for Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur's Prof Vinod Kumar Singh | Kanpur News - Times of India". The Times of India. 26 January 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  19. "The Azamgarh you don't know"; within Saikat Datta and Sharat Pradhan, "A place and its negative", Outlook, 6 October 2008, p.34. Here at Google Books.
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