B3GAT2

Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the B3GAT2 gene.[4][5]

B3GAT2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2D0J
Identifiers
Aliases	B3GAT2, GLCATS, beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 607497 MGI: 2389490 HomoloGene: 50574 GeneCards: B3GAT2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human)[1] Band 6q13 Start 70,856,679 bp[1] End 70,957,060 bp[1]
Gene ontology Molecular function • transferase activity • metal ion binding • galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • Golgi apparatus • membrane • Golgi membrane Biological process • glycosaminoglycan metabolic process • protein glycosylation • chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process • chondroitin sulfate metabolic process • carbohydrate metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	135152	280645
Ensembl	ENSG00000112309	ENSMUSG00000026156
UniProt	Q9NPZ5	P59270
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_080742	NM_172124
RefSeq (protein)	NP_542780	NP_742122
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 70.86 – 70.96 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	[3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The product of this gene is a transmembrane protein belonging to the glucuronyltransferase family, and catalyzes the transfer of a beta-1,3 linked glucuronic acid to a terminal galactose in different glycoproteins or glycolipids containing a Gal-beta-1-4GlcNAc or Gal-beta-1-3GlcNAc residue. The encoded protein is involved in the synthesis of the human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate epitope, a sulfated trisaccharide implicated in cellular migration and adhesion in the nervous system.[5]

Use of HNK-1 Antibody for Neural Crest Research

Antibodies raised against the HNK-1 epitope have played a large role in studies of the neural crest, especially in the avian embryo.[6] The first antibody raised against this epitope was NC-1,[7] which permitted much easier analyses of neural crest migration pathways. In avians, and especially in other vertebrates, the results of HNK-1 staining should be interpreted with caution as the epitope is not unique to the neural crest.

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000112309 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. Imiya K, Ishizaki T, Seiki T, Saito F, Inazawa J, Oka S, Kawasaki T (Oct 2002). "cDNA cloning, genomic structure and chromosomal mapping of the mouse glucuronyltransferase-S involved in the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope". Gene. 296 (1–2): 29–36. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00840-5. PMID 12383500.
5. "Entrez Gene: B3GAT2 beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 2 (glucuronosyltransferase S)".
6. Bronner-Fraser M (May 1986). "Analysis of the early stages of trunk neural crest migration in avian embryos using monoclonal antibody HNK-1". Dev. Biol. 115 (1): 44–55. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(86)90226-5. PMID 3516760.
7. Vincent M, Thiery JP (June 1984). "A cell surface marker for neural crest and placodal cells: further evolution in peripheral and central nervous system". Dev. Biol. 103 (2): 468–81. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(84)90334-8. PMID 6202575.

External links

• Human B3GAT2 genome location and B3GAT2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 2 (B3GAT2)

Further reading

• Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O (2002). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXII. The complete sequences of 50 new cDNA clones which code for large proteins". DNA Res. 8 (6): 319–27. doi:10.1093/dnares/8.6.319. PMID 11853319.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Marcos I, Galán JJ, Borrego S, Antiñolo G (2003). "Cloning, characterization, and chromosome mapping of the human GlcAT-S gene". J. Hum. Genet. 47 (12): 677–80. doi:10.1007/s100380200103. PMID 12522689.
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6". Nature. 425 (6960): 805–11. Bibcode:2003Natur.425..805M. doi:10.1038/nature02055. PMID 14574404.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Kakuda S, Oka S, Kawasaki T (2004). "Purification and characterization of two recombinant human glucuronyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of HNK-1 carbohydrate in Escherichia coli". Protein Expr. Purif. 35 (1): 111–9. doi:10.1016/j.pep.2003.12.021. PMID 15039073.
• Kakuda S, Sato Y, Tonoyama Y, et al. (2005). "Different acceptor specificities of two glucuronyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of HNK-1 carbohydrate". Glycobiology. 15 (2): 203–10. doi:10.1093/glycob/cwi001. PMID 15470230.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
• Shiba T, Kakuda S, Ishiguro M, et al. (2006). "Crystal structure of GlcAT-S, a human glucuronyltransferase, involved in the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope". Proteins. 65 (2): 499–508. doi:10.1002/prot.21118. PMID 16897771. S2CID 31290955.