Baker Street

Baker Street is a street in the Marylebone district of the City of Westminster in London. It is named after builder William Baker, who laid out the street in the 18th century. The street is most famous for its connection to the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes, who lived at a fictional 221B Baker Street address on the north of the street. The area was originally high class residential, but now is mainly occupied by commercial premises.

This article is about the street in London. For other uses, see Baker Street (disambiguation).

Baker Street
Length0.6 mi (1.0 km)
LocationWestminster, London, England
Postal codeNW1
Nearest Tube station Baker Street
FromPark Road
ToPortman Square
Other
Known forSherlock Holmes' residence (221B Baker Street) · Setting of Gerry Rafferty's hit song ·
Baker Street area map

Location

Baker Street is a busy thoroughfare, lying in postcode areas NW1/W1 and forming part of the A41. It used to run south from Regent's Park, the junction with Park Road, parallel to Gloucester Place, meeting Marylebone Road, Portman Square and Wigmore Street. In 2019, the until-then one-way street was changed to accommodate lanes running in both directions.

At the junction with Wigmore Street, Baker Street turns into Orchard Street, which ends when it meets with Oxford Street. After Portman Square the road continues as Orchard Street.

The crossroads of Baker Street and Marylebone Road was historically known as Marylebone Circus, which is still its unofficial name.[1]

History
Baker Street (centre vertically) on an 1875 Ordnance Survey map.[2]

Baker Street was laid out in the 18th century by the builder William Baker, after whom it is named.

19th century

In 1835, the first wax museum of Madame Tussauds was opened on Baker Street. The museum moved, just around the corner, to Marylebone Road in 1884.

Also in 1835 the sculptor James Fillans came to live and work from 82 Baker Street.

Residents of the prestigious mansion block, Chiltern Court, on the Regent's Park end of Baker Street include the novelists Arnold Bennett and H. G. Wells who are commemorated with a blue plaque.

Thomas Charles Druce ran the Baker Street Bazaar until his death in 1864, and was later subject of the Druce Portland Case.

20th century

In 1940 the headquarters of the Special Operations Executive moved to 64 Baker Street, they were often called the "Baker Street Irregulars" after Sherlock Holmes' gang of street urchins of the same name.

The Beatles' Apple Boutique was based at 94 Baker Street from 1967 to 1968.

A significant robbery of a branch of Lloyds Bank took place on Baker Street in 1971.

For many years the head office of Marks & Spencer, formerly the United Kingdom's largest retailer, was at "Michael House" (named in parallel with the group's "St Michael" brand), 55 Baker Street, until the company relocated to the Paddington Basin in 2004. This was one of the best known corporate buildings in the United Kingdom, and has since been redeveloped as a modern office complex by London & Regional Properties[3] to a design by Make Architects and Expedition Engineering.

A London County Council blue plaque commemorates Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger who lived at 120 Baker Street from 1803 to 1804.[4] British singer Dusty Springfield lived on Baker Street in the 1960s.

21st century

In February 2019, Baker Street was converted from a one-way southbound street to a two-way street.[5][6][7]

Buildings

The Seychelles maintains a Consulate at 111 Baker Street.[8]

Transport

The street is served by the London Underground by Baker Street tube station, one of the world's oldest surviving underground stations. Next door is Transport for London's lost property office.

See also

References
  1. "Forgotten London - Marylebone Circus". Hyde Park Now. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  2. 1875 Ordnance Survey map, Digimap, 3 April 2018. (subscription required)
  3. Rossiter, James (8 February 2007). "UK developer wins $700m Panama contract". The Times. London. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
  4. "PITT, WILLIAM, THE YOUNGER (1759-1806)". English Heritage. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  5. Baker Street Transport for London
  6. About Baker Street Two Way Project
  7. Short Hops Buses issue 769 April 2019 page 24
  8. "The London Diplomatic List" (PDF). 14 December 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 December 2013.
  9. Bunson, Matthew (1994). Encyclopedia Sherlockiana: an A-to-Z guide to the world of the great detective. Macmillan. pp. 16–19. ISBN 978-0-671-79826-0.
  10. Alan Barnes (2002). Sherlock Holmes on Screen. Reynolds & Hearn Ltd. p. 55. ISBN 1-903111-04-8.
  11. "How Danger Mouse became king of the TV ratings". BBC. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2018.

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