Bandaranaike Airport attack

The Bandaranaike Airport attack was an assault by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) on Bandaranaike International Airport, on July 24, 2001. The attack was one of the boldest the LTTE mounted during its war with the Sri Lankan government, and had a profound impact on the country's military, economy, and airline industry.

Bandaranaike Airport attack
Part of the Sri Lankan Civil War
DateJuly 24, 2001
Location
Result Successful LTTE suicide commando raid (black tigers)
Belligerents
Sri Lanka Air Force LTTE Black Tiger
Strength
1 military garrison 14 suicide commandos
Casualties and losses
7 killed, 12 wounded
Aircraft destroyed:
1 Mi-17 attack helicopter,
1 Mi-24 attack helicopter,
3 K-8 jet trainers,
2 Kfir fighter jets,
1 MiG-27 fighter jet,
2 Airbus A330s,
1 Airbus A340
Aircraft damaged:
5 K-8 jet trainers,
5 Kfir fighter jets,
1 MiG-27 fighter jet,
1 Airbus A340,
1 Airbus A320
1 other military aircraft
14 killed

Background

Reports said that the LTTE timed the attack to coincide with the rioting of Black July in 1983, in which a thousand of the Tamils were killed by Sinhalese mobs. Even though the Tamil rebellion far preceded the attack in history, this is considered the start of the Sri Lankan Civil War. The rebels launched this attack on Sri Lanka's key military target and at the time the country's only international airport.

Assault

Around 3:30 am on July 24, 14 members of the LTTE Black Tiger suicide squad infiltrated Katunayake air base, located about 35 km (22 mi) north of Colombo. After destroying electricity transformers to plunge the base into darkness, they cut through the barbed wire surrounding the base to begin their assault. Using rocket-propelled grenades, anti-tank weapons, and assault rifles, the militants attacked air force planes. They were not able to attack the aircraft parked in hangars but did destroy eight military aircraft on the tarmac: three K-8 Karakorum trainer aircraft, one Mil Mi-17 helicopter, one Mil Mi-24 helicopter, two IAI Kfir fighter jets, and a MiG-27. Five K-8s and one MiG-27 were also damaged. A total of 26 aircraft were either damaged or destroyed in the attack.[1] Some of the LTTE members climbed to the top of the air base's control tower, which they used as a vantage point.[1]

Eight Tigers and three air force officers died in the battle at the air base. The six remaining LTTE members then crossed the runway to the adjacent Bandaranaike Airport. Using their weapons, they began blowing up civilian aircraft, which were all empty. One Airbus A330 was destroyed by an explosive charge, another A330 by the explosion of an oil tank; an A340 was destroyed by a rocket fired from the terminal building. In addition, an A320-200 and an A340-300 were damaged in the assault.[2][3]

The attack was over by 8:30 am. All 14 guerrillas were killed, along with six Sri Lankan air force personnel and one soldier killed by friendly fire. Twelve soldiers were injured, along with three Sri Lankan civilians and a Russian engineer.[1] No tourists were harmed during the attack.

The three Airbuses destroyed constituted three of SriLankan Airlines' 12 aircraft. The two other damaged aircraft meant that nearly half of the airline's fleet was out of commission.

Effects

Bandaranaike Airport was closed for 14 hours during and after the attack. Flights were diverted to India during the assault due to the threat of attack. The cost of replacing the civilian aircraft was estimated at $350 million USD. The attack caused a slowdown in the economy of Sri Lanka, to about -1.4%. Tourism also plummeted, dropping 15.5% at the end of the year.

See also

References

  1. "Intelligence failures exposed by Tamil Tiger airport attack". Jane's Intelligence Review. 2001. Archived from the original on February 25, 2008. Retrieved June 3, 2006.
  2. "LTTE Attack Paralyzes Sri Lanka's International Airport". The Institute for Counter-Terrorism. 2001. Archived from the original on December 4, 2001. Retrieved June 3, 2006.
  3. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20010724-0

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