Baranów, Lublin Voivodeship

Baranów [baˈranuf] is a village in Puławy County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Baranów. It lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of Puławy and 46 km (29 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin.[1]

For other places with the same name, see Baranow.
Baranów
Village
Baranów
Coordinates: 51°33′26″N 22°8′8″E
Country Poland
VoivodeshipLublin
CountyPuławy
GminaBaranów
Elevation
150 m (490 ft)
Population
 • Total1,672
WebsiteOfficial website

The village has a population of 1,672.

History

Baranów was founded as a town on the basis of Magdeburg Law in 1544. By the 19th century the town was in economic decline and in 1870 it lost its town status.

History of Jews in Baranów

The first historical mention of the Jewish inhabitants of Baranów comes from records dating from 1621. In 1930 the village had a population of 2071, including 1092 Jews.[2]

In World War II, the Germans occupied Baranów in September 1939 and immediately took both Christians and Jews as hostages. They were later released. Afterwards, Germans began robbing and plundering Jewish homes and shops. Polish police participated in the robberies but Polish authorities often mitigated the impact of the anti Jewish policies of the Germans. A ghetto was established in late 1941, containing both local Jews and hundreds of Jewish refugees who had fled to Baranów. Many healthy Jews were sent to labor camps nearby, leaving behind the elderly and sick in the ghetto who often died of malnutrition and starvation. In May 1942, the German SS with their Ukrainian auxiliary troops came to town to round up the Jewish community to be deported to the killing camp Sobibor. About 500 were deported that day. At least 100 Jews fled to the forests or hid with Polish acquaintances. Some were murdered by anti semitic Polish partisans in the forests, others fled to other ghettos. Most of those hiding in the forest were killed later by German SS, Ukrainian auxiliaries, and Polish police in 1943 and 1944. Fewer than 25 Baranów Jews survived the war, and the Jewish community was not reestablished in the village afterwards.[2] Except for the remnants of the Jewish cemetery and the name of one of the streets, few traces of the former Jewish presence remain in the village today.[3]

References
  1. "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
  2. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945: Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe by Geoffrey P. Megargee, Christopher Browning, Martin Dean, Indiana University Press, 2012 pp. 611–612
  3. A Polish village's forgotten Jewish dead, BBC News, 15 June 2012
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