Battle of Haditha

The Battle of Haditha was a battle fought between U.S. forces and Ansar al-Sunna in early August 2005 on the outskirts of the town of Haditha, Iraq, which was one of the many towns that were under insurgent control in the Euphrates River valley during 2005.

Not to be confused with the 2005 Haditha massacre, or the 2007 film Battle for Haditha.
Battle of Haditha
Part of the Iraq War

Scene of the AAV destroyed in the operation at Haditha
Date1 August – 4 August 2005
Location
Haditha, Iraq
Result

U.S. victory

  • Marine snipers overrun
  • Operation Quick Strike; disruption of al-Qaeda and occupation of Haditha[1]
Belligerents
 United States Al-Qaeda in Iraq[2]
Ansar al-Sunna[2]
Other Iraqi insurgents
Commanders and leaders
Col. Stephen W. Davis Unknown
Strength
~1,000 marines Unknown
Casualties and losses
21 killed
1 wounded[3]		 40 killed

The battle was initiated when a pair of three-man United States Marine Corps STA (Surveillance, Target, and Acquisition) teams in Haditha were surprised and overrun by a small insurgent force. All six men were found dead after the battle.

Two days after the killings, Marine forces launched Operation Quick Strike to disrupt insurgent presence in the Haditha area. On the second day of that operation, a Marine Amphibious Assault Vehicle hit a large road side bomb, killing 15 out of the 16 on board.

Marine snipers overrun

On the morning of 1 August 2005 a pair of three-man USMC Reserve STA teams on the outskirts of Haditha was attacked by a small insurgent force from the Ansar al-Sunna group and in moments was overrun.[4][5][6] Five members of the unit were killed. One was missing and initially was hoped to have escaped. Later he was reported to have been seen alive but wounded and being driven through the streets of Haditha, handcuffed, by insurgents.

Operation Quick Strike
Marines from the AAV that was destroyed by a roadside bomb, two months prior. All but one of the men pictured died in the explosion, the sole survivor having disembarked from the vehicle only moments prior to its destruction.[7]

Two days after the killing of the USMC sniper teams, around 1,000 members of the USMC's Regimental Combat Team 2 (RCT-2), along with Iraqi soldiers, started "Operation Quick Strike", which included efforts to find the insurgents responsible, however the primary intent was to interdict and disrupt militants' presence in the Haditha, Haqliniyah, and Barwanah areas. The operation began when Marines and Iraqi soldiers moved into Haqliniyah, about seven kilometers southwest of Haditha. 40 insurgents were killed, including four in a Super Cobra helicopter gunship attack.

On the second day of the operation, a USMC amphibious assault vehicle, which was transporting men to the initial assault, hit a large roadside bomb. The vehicle was completely destroyed and 15 out of the 16 men that were inside it were killed, with only one occupant surviving. The sole survivor was a young man from Mississippi; among the killed was also an Iraqi civilian interpreter.[8]

All but three of the Marines killed were assigned to 3rd Battalion, 25th Marines (3/25). The Marines not assigned to 3/25 were assigned to 4th Amphibious Assault Battalion. The driver of the vehicle was ejected when the amphibious assault vehicle (also known as "amtracs", "'tracs", "tractors" etc.) was thrown through the air. Though he did live he received severe burns on a majority of his body. Eleven of them were members of the battalion's Lima Company. The company had already lost twelve servicemen since the beginning of the war, including eight members in Operation Matador in May. In May, out of the 9 Marines killed and 40 wounded during Matador, five killed and nine wounded were from the same squad of Lima company. During 2005, Lima Company was the workhorse of both RCT-2 and 3/25, participating in 15 regimental and battalion operations throughout their tour. The company saw combat from Hīt, Iraq in the east to Al-Qa'im in the west. During Operation Matador, all members of one squad were killed or wounded in 96 hours of fighting.[9] By the end of their deployment the Ohio Marine battalion lost 48 Marines and sailors and another 150 wounded out of a complement of 1,350 Marines.

Small Craft Company USMC assisted in locating the bodies of the slain snipers and were engaged in a large fire fight on the east bank of the Euphrates River in the city of Haditha.

Aftermath

On 1 August 2005, Lima Company, 3/25 had detained two "military-aged" males in the home next to the site where the snipers had been killed and had found large quantities of blood in the house. Both these Iraqi males were flown to Al Asad Airbase for interrogation. In late August 2005, Lima Company, 3/25 conducted a raid on the same house and detained seven Iraqi males. A large weapons cache of small arms and explosives was discovered buried behind the house. These Iraqi males were also transported to Al Asad Airbase where six of them subsequently confessed to the killing of the snipers.

In September 2005 3rd Battalion, 1st Marines surrounded the Haditha Triad (Haditha, Barwanah, Haqlaniyah) and assaulted Haditha. The city was proclaimed to be another Fallujah-esque battle, i.e., heavy house to house fighting. 3/1 would hold the entire Triad area of Haditha, Barwanah, and Haqlaniyah until March 2006 when 3/3 relieved them. During 3/1's deployment, they found over 1,000 caches, detained over 400 known insurgents and lost four Marines during their entire deployment.

In early 2006, eight Iraqi men involved in the sniper incident were tried by an Iraqi court in Baghdad, found guilty, and executed. This raid is referenced in the A&E documentary Combat Diary: The Marines of Lima Company which premiered in May 2006.[10]

References
  1. "Battalion that lost 48 members returns to cheers".
  2. "14 Marines Die in Huge Explosion in Western Iraq". Washington Post. 4 August 2005.
  3. Period DetailsArchived 11 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  4. "CNN.com - Six snipers among seven Marines killed in Iraq - Aug 2, 2005". Archived from the original on 3 September 2006.
  5. "Six snipers among seven Marines killed in Iraq". Archived from the original on 25 November 2006.
  6. Filkins, Dexter. "6 Marine Snipers Are Slain in Ambush in Western Iraq; Another Dies in Suicide Attack". Archived from the original on 2 August 2017.
  7. https://www.npr.org/2013/05/25/186560432/sole-survivor-iraq-rescue-mission-ended-in-tragedy
  8. "14 more Marines from Ohio unit die in Iraq". NBC News.
  9. "Ohio-based Marine unit has 19 dead in two days".
  10. "Battalion that lost 48 members returns to cheers".

See also
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