CDK5R1

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK5R1 gene.[5][6]

CDK5R1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1H4L, 1UNG, 1UNH, 1UNL, 3O0G
Identifiers
Aliases	CDK5R1, CDK5P35, CDK5R, NCK5A, p23, p25, p35, p35nck5a, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35), cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1
External IDs	OMIM: 603460 MGI: 101764 HomoloGene: 31200 GeneCards: CDK5R1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q11.2 Start 32,486,993 bp[1] End 32,491,253 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 B5|11 47.94 cM Start 80,477,023 bp[2] End 80,481,184 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein kinase activity • calcium ion binding • ephrin receptor binding • cadherin binding • GO:0016534 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity • kinase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • protein kinase binding • protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity • protease binding • actin binding • ionotropic glutamate receptor binding • alpha-tubulin binding • beta-tubulin binding • actin filament binding • protein kinase activator activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • membrane • GO:0097483, GO:0097481 postsynaptic density • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle • growth cone • neuromuscular junction • dendritic spine • axon • neuronal cell body • dendrite • cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 holoenzyme complex • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • contractile fiber • cell nucleus • nucleoplasm • cell membrane • microtubules • neuron projection • presynapse Biological process • positive regulation of protein kinase activity • regulation of neuron differentiation • G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway • regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity • regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization • embryo development • rhythmic process • ephrin receptor signaling pathway • neuron cell-cell adhesion • regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization • neuron migration • cerebellum development • positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity • positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process • brain development • ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway • layer formation in cerebral cortex • peptidyl-serine phosphorylation • neuron differentiation • cellular proliferation • peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • neuron projection development • cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration • axonal fasciculation • hippocampus development • negative regulation of axon extension • regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis • regulation of macroautophagy • superior olivary nucleus maturation • positive regulation of cell cycle arrest • positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane • axon guidance • regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator • serine phosphorylation of STAT protein • microtubule cytoskeleton organization • embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching • positive regulation of microtubule polymerization • positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity • regulation of synaptic vesicle cycle • activation of protein kinase activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8851	12569
Ensembl	ENSG00000176749	ENSMUSG00000048895
UniProt	Q15078	P61809
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003885	NM_009871
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003876	NP_034001
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 32.49 – 32.49 Mb	Chr 11: 80.48 – 80.48 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The protein encoded by this gene (p35) is a neuron-specific activator of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5); the activation of CDK5 is required for proper development of the central nervous system. The p35 form of this protein is proteolytically cleaved by calpain, generating a p25 form. The cleavage of p35 into p25 results in relocalization of the protein from the cell periphery to nuclear and perinuclear regions. P25 deregulates CDK5 activity by prolonging its activation and changing its cellular location. The p25 form accumulates in the brain neurons of patients with Alzheimer's disease. This accumulation correlates with an increase in CDK5 kinase activity, and may lead to aberrantly phosphorylated forms of the microtubule-associated protein tau, which contributes to Alzheimer's disease.[6]

In melanocytic cells CDK5R1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.[7]

Interactions

CDK5R1 has been shown to interact with:

• Actinin, alpha 1[8]
• Amphiphysin,[9]
• Beta-catenin,[10]
• CAMK2A,[11]
• CDK5RAP2,[12]
• Cyclin-dependent kinase 5,[13][14]
• Protein SET,[15]

See also

• CDK5RAP1
• CDK5RAP2
• CDK5RAP3

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000176749 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000048895 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Tsai LH, Delalle I, Caviness VS Jr, Chae T, Harlow E (October 1994). "p35 is a neural-specific regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase 5". Nature. 371 (6496): 419–23. doi:10.1038/371419a0. PMID 8090221. S2CID 4267944.
6. "Entrez Gene: CDK5R1 cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)".
7. Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, et al. (2008). "Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy". Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 21 (6): 665–76. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971. S2CID 24698373.
8. Cheng K, Li Z, Fu WY, Wang JH, Fu AK, Ip NY (August 2002). "Pctaire1 interacts with p35 and is a novel substrate for Cdk5/p35". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (35): 31988–93. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201161200. PMID 12084709.
9. Floyd SR, Porro EB, Slepnev VI, Ochoa GC, Tsai LH, De Camilli P (March 2001). "Amphiphysin 1 binds the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 5 regulatory subunit p35 and is phosphorylated by cdk5 and cdc2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (11): 8104–10. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008932200. PMID 11113134.
10. Kesavapany S, Lau KF, McLoughlin DM, Brownlees J, Ackerley S, Leigh PN, Shaw CE, Miller CC (January 2001). "p35/cdk5 binds and phosphorylates beta-catenin and regulates beta-catenin/presenilin-1 interaction". Eur. J. Neurosci. 13 (2): 241–7. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2001.01376.x. PMID 11168528.
11. Dhavan R, Greer PL, Morabito MA, Orlando LR, Tsai LH (September 2002). "The cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activators p35 and p39 interact with the alpha-subunit of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and alpha-actinin-1 in a calcium-dependent manner". J. Neurosci. 22 (18): 7879–91. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-18-07879.2002. PMC 6758084. PMID 12223541.
12. Wang X, Ching YP, Lam WH, Qi Z, Zhang M, Wang JH (October 2000). "Identification of a common protein association region in the neuronal Cdk5 activator". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31763–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004358200. PMID 10915792.
13. Chen F, Studzinski GP (June 2001). "Expression of the neuronal cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator p35Nck5a in human monocytic cells is associated with differentiation". Blood. 97 (12): 3763–7. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.12.3763. PMID 11389014.
14. Tarricone C, Dhavan R, Peng J, Areces LB, Tsai LH, Musacchio A (September 2001). "Structure and regulation of the CDK5-p25(nck5a) complex". Mol. Cell. 8 (3): 657–69. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00343-4. PMID 11583627.
15. Qu D, Li Q, Lim HY, Cheung NS, Li R, Wang JH, Qi RZ (March 2002). "The protein SET binds the neuronal Cdk5 activator p35nck5a and modulates Cdk5/p35nck5a activity". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7324–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107270200. PMID 11741927.

Further reading

• Peruzzi F, Gordon J, Darbinian N, Amini S (2003). "Tat-induced deregulation of neuronal differentiation and survival by nerve growth factor pathway". J. Neurovirol. 8 Suppl 2 (2): 91–6. doi:10.1080/13550280290167885. PMID 12491158.
• Studzinski GP, Harrison JS (2003). "The neuronal cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator p35Nck5a and Cdk5 activity in monocytic cells". Leuk. Lymphoma. 44 (2): 235–40. doi:10.1080/1042819021000030009. PMID 12688339. S2CID 30242995.
• Takahashi M, Tomizawa K, Sato K, et al. (1995). "A novel tau-tubulin kinase from bovine brain". FEBS Lett. 372 (1): 59–64. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(95)00955-9. PMID 7556643. S2CID 42295269.
• Tang D, Yeung J, Lee KY, et al. (1995). "An isoform of the neuronal cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activator". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (45): 26897–903. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.45.26897. PMID 7592934.
• Chae T, Kwon YT, Bronson R, et al. (1997). "Mice lacking p35, a neuronal specific activator of Cdk5, display cortical lamination defects, seizures, and adult lethality". Neuron. 18 (1): 29–42. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)80044-1. PMID 9010203. S2CID 18685470.
• Poon RY, Lew J, Hunter T (1997). "Identification of functional domains in the neuronal Cdk5 activator protein". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (9): 5703–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.9.5703. PMID 9038181.
• Fletcher AI, Shuang R, Giovannucci DR, et al. (1999). "Regulation of exocytosis by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 via phosphorylation of Munc18". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (7): 4027–35. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.7.4027. PMID 9933594.
• Patrick GN, Zukerberg L, Nikolic M, et al. (2000). "Conversion of p35 to p25 deregulates Cdk5 activity and promotes neurodegeneration". Nature. 402 (6762): 615–22. doi:10.1038/45159. PMID 10604467. S2CID 4414281.
• Ching YP, Qi Z, Wang JH (2000). "Cloning of three novel neuronal Cdk5 activator binding proteins". Gene. 242 (1–2): 285–94. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00499-0. PMID 10721722.
• Kwon YT, Gupta A, Zhou Y, et al. (2000). "Regulation of N-cadherin-mediated adhesion by the p35-Cdk5 kinase". Curr. Biol. 10 (7): 363–72. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00411-5. PMID 10753743. S2CID 16438320.
• Lee MS, Kwon YT, Li M, et al. (2000). "Neurotoxicity induces cleavage of p35 to p25 by calpain". Nature. 405 (6784): 360–4. doi:10.1038/35012636. PMID 10830966. S2CID 205006589.
• Wang X, Ching YP, Lam WH, et al. (2000). "Identification of a common protein association region in the neuronal Cdk5 activator". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31763–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004358200. PMID 10915792.
• Floyd SR, Porro EB, Slepnev VI, et al. (2001). "Amphiphysin 1 binds the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 5 regulatory subunit p35 and is phosphorylated by cdk5 and cdc2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (11): 8104–10. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008932200. PMID 11113134.
• Kesavapany S, Lau KF, McLoughlin DM, et al. (2001). "p35/cdk5 binds and phosphorylates beta-catenin and regulates beta-catenin/presenilin-1 interaction". Eur. J. Neurosci. 13 (2): 241–7. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2001.01376.x. PMID 11168528.
• Chen F, Studzinski GP (2001). "Expression of the neuronal cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator p35Nck5a in human monocytic cells is associated with differentiation". Blood. 97 (12): 3763–7. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.12.3763. PMID 11389014.
• Tarricone C, Dhavan R, Peng J, et al. (2001). "Structure and regulation of the CDK5-p25(nck5a) complex". Mol. Cell. 8 (3): 657–69. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00343-4. PMID 11583627.
• Rashid T, Banerjee M, Nikolic M (2002). "Phosphorylation of Pak1 by the p35/Cdk5 kinase affects neuronal morphology". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (52): 49043–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105599200. PMID 11604394.
• Qu D, Li Q, Lim HY, et al. (2002). "The protein SET binds the neuronal Cdk5 activator p35nck5a and modulates Cdk5/p35nck5a activity". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7324–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107270200. PMID 11741927.
• Patzke H, Tsai LH (2002). "Calpain-mediated cleavage of the cyclin-dependent kinase-5 activator p39 to p29". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (10): 8054–60. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109645200. PMID 11784720.

External links

• Human CDK5R1 genome location and CDK5R1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.