CORO6

Coronin-6 also known as coronin-like protein E (Clipin-E) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CORO6 gene.

CORO6
Identifiers
Aliases	CORO6, coronin 6
External IDs	MGI: 2183448 HomoloGene: 104099 GeneCards: CORO6
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q11.2 Start 29,614,756 bp[1] End 29,622,907 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11|11 B5 Start 77,462,411 bp[2] End 77,470,484 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • actin filament binding • GO:0001948 protein binding Cellular component • actin cytoskeleton Biological process • actin cytoskeleton organization • actin filament organization • cell migration Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	84940	216961
Ensembl	ENSG00000167549	ENSMUSG00000020836
UniProt	Q6QEF8	Q920M5
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_032854 NM_001351301 NM_001351302	NM_139128 NM_139129 NM_139130 NM_001368670
RefSeq (protein)	NP_116243 NP_001338230 NP_001338231	NP_624354 NP_624355 NP_624356 NP_001355599
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 29.61 – 29.62 Mb	Chr 11: 77.46 – 77.47 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Coronin-6 is belongs to coronin family which is an actin binding protein.[5][6] Human CORO6 gene is located on chromosome 17 on the cytogenetic band 17 p11.2.[7] Gene CORO6 is well conserved across domain of eukaryotic organisms from animal to fungi.[8]

Expression

EST profile

Based on the EST profile, CORO6 expressed in high level at the larynx, nerve and muscle. CORO6 has also been shown to be expressed in high levels in the breast (mammary gland) tumor. During the human development stage, the higher level of CORO6 expressed at blastocyst and adult.[9]

Transcript Variant

Alternative mRNAs are shown aligned from 5' to 3' on a virtual genome where introns have been shrunk to a minimal length. Exon size is proportional to length, intron height reflects the number of cDNAs supporting each intron. Introns of the same color are identical, of different colors are different. 'Good proteins' are pink, partial or not-good proteins are yellow, uORFs are green. 5' cap or3' poly A flags show completeness of the transcript . CORO6 contains 21 distinct gt-ag introns. Transcription produces 10 alternatively spliced mRNA. There are 3 probable alternative promoters, and validated alternative polyadenylation sites.[10]

Structure

CORO6 protein sequence contains WD-40 repeats. WD40 domain is a structural motif found in Eukaryotes and cover variety of functions, such as adaptor or regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeletal assembly. It usually terminating at WD dipeptide at its C-terminus and is about 40 residues long, so called WD40.[11]

The structure of CORO6 is predicted by using Phyre2 program. It is similar to the crystal structure of murine coronin-1. 390 residues ( 83% of CORO6 protein sequence) have been modelled with 100.0% confidence by the single highest scoring template. Image coloured by rainbow N → C terminus

Homology

Paralogs

Human proteins which are the paralogs to CORO6, CORO1A, CORO1B, CORO1C, CORO2A, CORO2B, CORO7

The table compared Homo sapiens protein CORO6 to its paralogs

Name of paralogs	CORO6	CORO1A	CORO1B	CORO2A	CORO2B	CORO7
Accession number	NP_116243	NP_009005	NP_065174	NP_438171	NP_006082	NP_078811
Sequence length	472 aa	461 aa	489 aa	525 aa	480 aa	925 aa
Sequence identity		67%	67%	45%	45%	32%
Sequence similarity		81%	80%	64%	63%	49%

By comparing its paralogs we found that CORO1A and CORO1B are most related to CORO6.

Orthologs

CORO6 is highly conserved throughout the organisms from vertebrate to fungus, the organisms listed in the table are some representatives.

Genus and species (Orthologs comparison)	Homo sapiens	Pan troglodytes	Canis familiaris	Anolis carolinensis	Danio rerio	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Plasmodium falciparum
Common name	Human	Chimpanzee	Dog	Lizard	Zebrafish	Baker's Yeast	Malaria parasite
Date of divergence from human lineage		6.3 MYA	94.2 MYA	269 MYA	400.1 MYA	1215.8 MYA	1381.2 MYA
Accession number	NP_116243	XP_001137660	XP_548302	XP_0003227217	NP_956690	NP_013533	XP_001350896
Sequence length	472 aa	471 aa	472 aa	471 aa	436 aa	651 aa	602 aa
Sequence identity to human		96%	98%	83%	78%	42%	31%
Sequence similarity to human		97%	99%	90%	90%	62%	52%

Clinical significance

There are several clinical studies about that have been performed by using microarray indicating that CORO6 is positively related to allergic nasal epithelium response to house dust mite allergen in vitro.[12]

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of CORO6 function. A conditional knockout mouse line called Coro6^{tm1e(EUCOMM)Wtsi} was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.[13] Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen[14] to determine the effects of deletion.[15][16][17][18] Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping[19]

Coro6 knockout mouse phenotype

Characteristic	Phenotype
All data available at.[14][19]
Peripheral blood leukocytes 6 Weeks	Normal
Insulin	Normal
Haematology 6 Weeks	Normal
Homozygous viability at P14	Normal
Homozygous Fertility	Normal
Body weight	Normal
Neurological assessment	Normal
Grip strength	Normal
Dysmorphology	Normal
Indirect calorimetry	Normal
Glucose tolerance test	Normal
Auditory brainstem response	Normal
DEXA	Normal
Radiography	Normal
Eye morphology	Normal
Clinical chemistry	Normal
Haematology 16 Weeks	Normal
Peripheral blood leukocytes 16 Weeks	Normal
Heart weight	Normal
Salmonella infection	Normal
Cytotoxic T Cell Function	Normal
Spleen Immunophenotyping	Normal
Mesenteric Lymph Node Immunophenotyping	Normal
Bone Marrow Immunophenotyping	Normal
Epidermal Immune Composition	Normal
Influenza Challenge	Normal

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000167549 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020836 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. de Hostos EL, Eugenio L (September 1999). "The coronin family of actin-associated proteins". Trends Cell Biol. 9 (9): 345–50. doi:10.1016/S0962-8924(99)01620-7. PMID 10461187.
6. "Cronin-6 Homo Sapiens". NCBI. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
7. "CORO6". GeneCards. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
8. "CORO6". HomoloGene. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
9. "CORO6 expression level". EST profile. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
10. "CORO6". ACEview.
11. "WD-40 superfamily". conserved domain. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
12. "Allergic nasal epithelium response to house dust mite allergen in vitro.pnj". GEO profile. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
13. Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x. S2CID 85911512.
14. "International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium".
15. Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (June 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
16. Dolgin E (June 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
17. Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247. S2CID 18872015.
18. White JK, Gerdin AK, Karp NA, Ryder E, Buljan M, Bussell JN, Salisbury J, Clare S, Ingham NJ, Podrini C, Houghton R, Estabel J, Bottomley JR, Melvin DG, Sunter D, Adams NC, Sanger Institute Mouse Genetics Project, Tannahill D, Logan DW, Macarthur DG, Flint J, Mahajan VB, Tsang SH, Smyth I, Watt FM, Skarnes WC, Dougan G, Adams DJ, Ramirez-Solis R, Bradley A, Steel KP (2013). "Genome-wide generation and systematic phenotyping of knockout mice reveals new roles for many genes". Cell. 154 (2): 452–64. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.022. PMC 3717207. PMID 23870131.
19. "Infection and Immunity Immunophenotyping (3i) Consortium".

External links

• Human CORO6 genome location and CORO6 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.