Caladenia audasii

Caladenia audasii is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. It is a rare ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a single yellow flower.

Caladenia audasii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Caladenia
Species:
C. audasii
Binomial name
Caladenia audasii
Synonyms[1]
  • Arachnorchis audasii (R.S.Rogers) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
  • Calonemorchis audasii (R.S.Rogers) Szlach.

Description

Caladenia audasii is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single hairy leaf, 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long and 6–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide.[2]

A single yellow flower 9 cm (4 in) in diameter is borne on a spike 11–19 cm (4–7 in) high. The petals and sepals are 3–6 cm (1–2 in) long and spreading, the petals somewhat shorter than the sepals. The petals and lateral sepals are 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) wide and taper to a thread-like end covered with glandular hairs. The labellum is curved with the tip rolled under and has erect lateral lobes. It is about 18 mm (0.7 in) long and 10 mm (0.4 in) wide when flattened. The edges of the labellum are scalloped and the middle lobe has short, broad teeth. There are six rows of stalkless calli along the centre of the labellum. Flowering occurs from September to November.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described by Richard Rogers in 1927 and the description was published in Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia. The type specimen was collected on Mount McIvor near Bendigo.[1][3] The specific epithet (audasii) honours James Wales Clarendon Audas, a member of staff at the National Herbarium of Victoria.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Only five plants of this orchid species were known in 2000, growing in grassy Box–ironbark forest in three disjunct populations near Bendigo, Kingower and Deep Lead north-west of Stawell. It is extinct in South Australia.[5] In June 2015, thirty new plants were introduced into the Greater Bendigo National Park.[6]

Conservation

This species is classified as "Endangered" under the Commonwealth Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC) Act.[5]

References
  1. "Caladenia audasii". APNI. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  2. Jeanes, Jeffrey. "Caladenia audasii". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria: Vicflora. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  3. Rogers, Richard Sanders (1927). "Contributions to the Orchidology of Australia". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia. 51: 295–296. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
  4. "Audas, James Wales Clarendon (1872 - 1959)". Council of the Heads of Australian Herbaria. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
  5. Todd, James A. "Recovery Plan for twelve threatened spider orchid Caladenia R.Br. taxa of Victoria and South Australia 2000 - 2004" (PDF). Government of Victoria Department of Natural Resources and Environment. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
  6. "Rare spider orchids spin their web around the goldfields". Victorian Government Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
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