Caladenia parva

Caladenia parva is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single leaf and one or two green flowers with red stripes along the sepals and petals.

Small spider orchid
Caladenia parva growing near Taradale
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Caladenia
Species:
C. parva
Binomial name
Caladenia parva
G.W.Carr[1]
Synonyms[1]

Arachnorchis parva (G.W.Carr) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.

Description

Caladenia parva is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single leaf, 30–100 mm (1–4 in) long, 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide and which often has red spots near its base. One or two greenish flowers with red stripes are borne on a spike 50–150 mm (2–6 in) tall. The sepals have thick, brown, club-like glandular tips 3–6 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long. The dorsal sepal curves forward and is 25–35 mm (0.98–1.4 in) long and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 25–35 mm (0.98–1.4 in) long, about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide and are parallel to or sometimes cross over each other. The petals are 20–26 mm (0.8–1 in) long, 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) wide and curve downwards. The labellum is greenish with a white central region a dark red tip which curls under. It is 11–14 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long and 10–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) wide and has thin green teeth up to 3 mm (0.1 in) on the sides. There are four rows of reddish-black calli up to 2 mm (0.08 in) long in the centre of the labellum. Flowering occurs in September and October.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

Caladenia parva was first formally described in 1991 by Geoffrey Carr from a specimen collected in the Dergholm State Park. The description was published in Indigenous Flora and Fauna Association Miscellaneous Paper 1.[1] The specific epithet (parva) is a Latin word meaning "little".[5]

Distribution and habitat

The small spider orchid occurs in scattered locations across southern Victoria and the far south-eastern corner of South Australia where it grows woodland and coastal scrub.[2]

Conservation

Caladenia parva is not listed under the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988.[2]

References
  1. "Caladenia parva". APNI. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  2. Jeanes, Jeffrey. "Caladenia parva". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria: Vicflora. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  3. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 92. ISBN 1877069124.
  4. "Caladenia parva". Yarra Ranges Shire Council. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  5. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 489.
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