Canal Street station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)

Canal Street (formerly Canal Street–Holland Tunnel) is an express station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Canal Street, Vestry Street, and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) in Lower Manhattan, it is served by the A and E trains at all times, and the C train at all times except late nights.

For other uses, see Canal Street (disambiguation).

 Canal Street
 ​​
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Downtown station platform
Station statistics
AddressCanal Street & Sixth Avenue
New York, NY 10013
BoroughManhattan
LocaleTribeca, SoHo
Coordinates40.72186°N 74.005365°W / 40.72186; -74.005365
DivisionB (IND)
Line   IND Eighth Avenue Line
Services   A  (all times)
​   C  (all except late nights)
​   E  (all times)
Transit NYCT Bus: M55, X27, X28
StructureUnderground
Platforms2 island platforms
cross-platform interchange
Tracks4
Other information
OpenedSeptember 10, 1932 (1932-09-10)[1]
Station code169[2]
AccessibilityCross-platform wheelchair transfer available
Opposite-
direction
transfer		Yes
Former/other namesCanal Street–Holland Tunnel
Traffic
20196,403,172[3]  3.9%
Rank63 out of 424[3]
Station succession
Next northWest Fourth Street–Washington Square (express): A 
Spring Street (local): A  ​C  ​E 
Next southChambers Street (to Brooklyn): A  ​C 
World Trade Center (WTC branch): E 

History

The station opened on September 10, 1932, as part of the city-operated Independent Subway System (IND)'s initial segment, the Eighth Avenue Line between Chambers Street and 207th Street. Construction of the whole line cost $191.2 million. Service at this station was provided with express service from its onset.[4]

On February 17, 1953, the New York City Board of Transportation installed two devices at either end of the station to alert police of passers-by above of emergencies in the station. The devices, which cost $1,100, were called "Call-a-Cop." In the station agent booth, an agent could set off an alarm bell and turn on a red warning light aboveground at Canal and Walker Streets on Sixth Avenue by lightly pushing on a treadle. The warning lights were placed atop eight-feet tall metal poles located at subway entrances. This device would have been installed at other stations if the pilot here was successful.[5]

Station layout
Exit-only turnstile from the southbound platform
G Street level Exit/entrance
M Mezzanine Fare control, station agent
P
Platform level		 Northbound local ← toward Jamaica Center (Spring Street)
Island platform
Northbound express ← toward 207th Street (Spring Street late nights, West Fourth Street–Washington Square other times)
← toward 168th Street (Spring Street)
Southbound express → toward Far Rockaway, Lefferts Boulevard or Rockaway Park (Chambers Street) →
Island platform
Southbound local → toward Euclid Avenue (Chambers Street) →
→ toward World Trade Center (Terminus) →
→ toward Far Rockaway late nights (Chambers Street) →
Detail of "A Gathering" sculpture on mezzanine

This station has four tracks and two island platforms, which are each approximately 660 feet (200 m) long. There are two diamond crossovers allowing express trains to cross to the local track or local trains to cross to the express track. One is located to the south of the station for downtown (southbound) trains and the other is located to the north of the station for uptown (northbound) trains; this can be a bottleneck for trains in either direction. The platforms are offset, and a signal tower is located at the south end of the southbound platform.[6]

This underground station is located on the street of the same name, which is the boundary of SoHo and Tribeca. The station sits one block west from the entrance to the Holland Tunnel outside of the Tribeca North Historic District.[7] Much of the surrounding area is characterized by its historic loft architecture.[7]

Several public parks are located near the station. Above the north end of the station at Canal Street and 6th Avenue are Albert Capsouto Park, Duarte Square, and Grand Canal Court. At the south end of the station at Walker Street is Tribeca Park. Several blocks to the west at the end of Canal Street are Canal Park and Hudson River Park.[8] St. John's Park formerly existed two blocks west of the station; the site is now occupied by Holland Tunnel exit ramps.[7]

Track layout
A section of the platform wall showing three layers of tile, including the original IND tilework.

South of this station, the tracks split into two levels and cross at a flying junction.[6] These were intended to allow for the construction of a future junction with a proposed line under Worth Street as part of the IND Second System. The proposed route would have run under Worth Street and East Broadway, and crossed the East River to Brooklyn. The bellmouths for this proposed route are visible from the E train headed towards and coming from the World Trade Center station. On the tunnel wall where the turnout is, there is an arrow painted with the words reading: "Worth St." written next to it.[9]

Exits
Laight Street stairs

The station contains six open exits. Only one exit is located at the station's namesake – Canal Street – at the northeast corner of Sixth Avenue and Canal Street. The other exit leading from the northern section of the station leads to the south side of Laight Street, between Sixth Avenue and St. Johns Lane. At the center of the station there are exits to the northwest and northeast corners of Sixth Avenue and West Broadway. At the southern end of the station there are two exits. One exit leads to the northeast corner of Walker Street and Sixth Avenue, while the other leads to the AT&T Building.[10][11]

The station also has three closed exits. One exit, located at the southern end of the station, led to the southeast corner of Walker Street and West Broadway.[12] The other two are located in a passageway that extends further north than the current northernmost open exit; one led to the southeast corner of Grand Street and Sixth Avenue.[13] The passageway currently houses employee facilities.

References
  1. "List of the 28 Stations on the New 8th Av. Line". The New York Times. September 10, 1932. p. 6. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  2. "Station Developers' Information". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
  3. "Facts and Figures: Annual Subway Ridership 2014–2019". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2020. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  4. Crowell, Paul (September 10, 1932). "Gay Midnight Crowd Rides First Trains In The New Subway: Throngs at Station an Hour Before Time, Rush Turnstiles When Chains are Dropped" (PDF). New York Times. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  5. "CALL-A-COP' SHOWN; Device in IND Subway Station Alerts Police in Street". The New York Times. February 18, 1953. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  6. Dougherty, Peter (2006) [2002]. Tracks of the New York City Subway 2006 (3rd ed.). Dougherty. OCLC 49777633 – via Google Books.
  7. "Tribeca North Historic District" (PDF). New York City Landmarks Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 6, 2012. Retrieved July 10, 2011.
  8. "Canal Street Neighborhood Map". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. April 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8NAOtBXKhA A bellmouth is visible to the left, at the 4:12 mark into this video, just before the train enters the World Trade Center station.
  10. "MTA Neighborhood Maps: SoHo / Tribeca" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2015. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
  11. Cox, Jeremiah (May 24, 2010). "The pillars on the sides of the staircase to the AT&T Building". subwaynut.com. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  12. http://indsecondsystem.weebly.com/canal-st-6th-ave.html
  13. Sims, Calvin (March 29, 1991). "15 More Areas In Subways To Be Closed". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
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