Carbon County, Wyoming

Carbon County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 15,885.[1] Its county seat is Rawlins.[2] Its south border abuts the north line of Colorado.

Carbon County
U.S. county
Carbon County Courthouse in Rawlins
Flag
Location within the U.S. state of Wyoming
Wyoming's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 41°41′N 106°56′W
Country United States
State Wyoming
FoundedDecember 16, 1868
Named forCoal deposits
SeatRawlins
Largest cityRawlins
Area
 • Total7,964 sq mi (20,630 km2)
 • Land7,898 sq mi (20,460 km2)
 • Water66 sq mi (170 km2)  0.8%%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total15,885
 • Estimate 
(2019)
14,800
 • Density2.0/sq mi (0.77/km2)
Time zoneUTC−7 (Mountain)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−6 (MDT)
Congressional districtAt-large
Websitewww.carbonwy.com
George Ferris Mansion, Rawlins
Pick Bridge over the North Platte River, near Saratoga. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Canoers on the North Platte River, Northgate Canyon

History

Carbon County was organized in 1868, one of the five original counties in Dakota Territory.[3]

Originally about 3,400 square miles (8,800 km2) near the center of Wyoming, Carbon County was once part of the Spanish Empire, then part of the Republic of Texas (1835-1845) and part of the State of Texas until 1852 when the northernmost part of that state's claims were ceded to the US government. This area is defined by the 42nd parallel on the north, and straight lines south from there to the headwaters of the Arkansas river on the east and the headwaters of the Rio Grande on the west. The documents defining that area include the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819, the 1824 Constitution of Mexico, and the 1845 "Joint Resolution for the Admission of the State of Texas into the Union".

Carbon County was organized December 16, 1868, from Laramie County in Dakota Territory, which at the time had jurisdiction over part of modern-day Wyoming.[4] It became a county in Wyoming Territory when that territory's government was formally organized on May 19, 1869.[5][6]

In 1868, the Union Pacific Railroad opened the first coal mine in Carbon County, and the county was named for its extensive coal deposits.[7] In 1875, Carbon County lost territory when Johnson County was created by the legislature of the Wyoming Territory. Natrona County was created with land ceded by Carbon County in 1888. The boundaries of the county were final at that time except for minor adjustments in 1911.

From 1978 to 1982, Carbon County was represented in the Wyoming House of Representatives by Democrat Thomas E. Trowbridge (1930-2009) of Saratoga, a Nebraska native. From 1982 to 1986, Trowbridge was a member of the Wyoming State Senate. He was later appointed by Governor Mike Sullivan to the Wyoming State Board of Equalization. Trowbridge's father, Elton Trowbridge, held the state House seat from Carbon County from 1961 until his death in office in 1974.

George R. Salisbury, Jr., a rancher from Savery, represented Carbon County in the Wyoming House from 1975 to 1986. He was succeeded in office by his son-in-law and fellow Democrat, Patrick F. O'Toole, also a Savery rancher.

Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 7,964 square miles (20,630 km2), of which 7,898 square miles (20,460 km2) is land and 66 square miles (170 km2) (2.0%) is water.[8] It is the third-largest county in Wyoming by area.

Major highways

Adjacent counties

National protected areas and State historical sites

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18701,368—
18803,438151.3%
18906,85799.4%
19009,58939.8%
191011,28217.7%
19209,525−15.6%
193011,39119.6%
194012,64411.0%
195015,74224.5%
196014,937−5.1%
197013,354−10.6%
198021,89664.0%
199016,659−23.9%
200015,639−6.1%
201015,8851.6%
2019 (est.)14,800[10]−6.8%
US Decennial Census[11]
1870–2000[12] 2010–2016[1]

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States Census,[13] there were 15,639 people, 6,129 households, and 4,130 families in the county. The population density was 2 people per square mile (1/km2). There were 8,307 housing units at an average density of 1 per square mile (0/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 90.11% White, 0.67% African-American or Black, 1.27% Indigenous American, 0.67% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 5.17% from other races, and 2.05% from two or more races. 13.83% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 20.1% were of German, 11.8% English, 10.0% Irish and 8.9% American ancestry.

There were 6,129 households, out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.10% were married couples living together, 8.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.60% were non-families. Of 6,129 households, 364 were unmarried partner households: 318 heterosexual, 41 same-sex male, and 5 same-sex female.

27.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.91.

The county population contained 24.10% under the age of 18, 8.60% from 18 to 24, 28.40% from 25 to 44, 26.70% from 45 to 64, and 12.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 115.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 118.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,060, and the median income for a family was $41,991. Males had a median income of $31,603 versus $21,451 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,375. About 9.80% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.60% of those under age 18 and 14.80% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 15,885 people, 6,388 households, and 4,109 families in the county.[14] The population density was 2.0 inhabitants per square mile (0.77/km2). There were 8,576 housing units at an average density of 1.1 per square mile (0.42/km2).[15] The racial makeup of the county was 88.8% white, 1.0% American Indian, 0.7% black or African American, 0.7% Asian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 6.5% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 16.8% of the population.[14] In terms of ancestry, 26.0% were German, 15.8% were English, 14.4% were Irish, 5.6% were Scottish, and 4.8% were American.[16]

Of the 6,388 households, 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 35.7% were non-families, and 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.91. The median age was 38.9 years.[14]

The median income for a household in the county was $56,565 and the median income for a family was $65,171. Males had a median income of $51,201 versus $32,603 for females. The per capita income for the county was $26,122. About 5.6% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.[17]

Government and infrastructure

During the twentieth century, owing to its considerable unionized mining population, Carbon County tended to be much more Democratic than the rest of powerfully Republican Wyoming. It was one of three Wyoming counties to vote for John F. Kennedy in 1960 and one of two to vote for Hubert Humphrey in 1968, whilst Dwight D. Eisenhower only won the county narrowly in his two landslide Presidential wins. In recent years, the county has trended much more towards the Republican Party due to changing demographics in the area.

Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results[18]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 75.2% 5,014 21.4% 1,427 3.4% 223
2016 69.2% 4,409 20.1% 1,279 10.8% 686
2012 63.7% 4,148 32.4% 2,110 3.9% 251
2008 63.2% 4,331 34.1% 2,336 2.7% 187
2004 67.2% 4,758 30.5% 2,158 2.3% 161
2000 64.6% 4,498 31.7% 2,206 3.8% 264
1996 45.0% 2,930 41.3% 2,690 13.8% 897
1992 34.7% 2,320 41.0% 2,737 24.3% 1,621
1988 55.7% 3,336 42.7% 2,555 1.6% 98
1984 65.6% 4,557 33.0% 2,295 1.4% 100
1980 59.6% 4,337 31.2% 2,272 9.3% 674
1976 54.0% 3,556 45.7% 3,010 0.3% 18
1972 63.7% 4,037 36.2% 2,292 0.2% 10
1968 44.8% 2,532 48.2% 2,725 7.1% 399
1964 33.3% 2,160 66.7% 4,322
1960 45.1% 3,147 54.9% 3,828
1956 50.9% 3,336 49.1% 3,218
1952 51.1% 3,403 48.7% 3,242 0.2% 16
1948 39.9% 2,319 59.2% 3,439 1.0% 55
1944 47.5% 2,698 52.5% 2,983
1940 45.6% 2,882 54.3% 3,429 0.1% 9
1936 38.0% 2,041 60.6% 3,257 1.4% 75
1932 41.2% 2,088 55.9% 2,836 2.9% 149
1928 64.9% 3,019 34.6% 1,609 0.6% 27
1924 54.6% 2,398 16.7% 733 28.8% 1,264
1920 60.7% 1,871 33.7% 1,039 5.7% 175
1916 40.0% 1,217 54.6% 1,661 5.4% 165
1912 39.2% 1,106 33.9% 957 27.0% 762
1908 51.6% 1,651 44.7% 1,430 3.8% 121
1904 68.3% 2,234 29.2% 956 2.4% 79
1900 60.4% 1,757 39.6% 1,152
1896 53.0% 1,229 46.6% 1,080 0.4% 9
1892 52.3% 978 47.7% 893

The Wyoming State Penitentiary, operated by the Wyoming Department of Corrections, is located in Rawlins.[19] The facility was operated by the Wyoming Board of Charities and Reform until that agency was dissolved as a result of a state constitutional amendment passed in November 1990.[20]

Communities

City

Towns

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. The other four original counties: Albany; Laramie; Sweetwater; and Uinta.
  4. General Laws and Memorials and Resolutions of the Territory of Dakota, 1869 at Google Books
  5. Long, John H. (2006). "Wyoming: Individual County Chronologies". Wyoming Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  6. Long, John H. (2006). "Dakota Territory, South Dakota, and North Dakota: Individual County Chronologies". Dakota Territory Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. Archived from the original on November 12, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  7. Urbanek, Mae (1988). Wyoming Place Names. Missoula MT: Mountain Press Pub. Co. ISBN 0-87842-204-8.
  8. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". US Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
  9. Fort Steele WY Google Maps (accessed 9 January 2019)
  10. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved September 28, 2019.
  11. "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
  12. "Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns". Wyoming Department of Administration & Information, Division of Economic Analysis. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
  13. "U.S. Census website". US Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  14. "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  15. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  16. "Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  17. "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  18. Leip, David. "Atlas of US Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
  19. Contact Institutions. Wyoming Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 22, 2010.
  20. About the Department of Corrections. Wyoming Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 22, 2010.
  21. Leo WY Google Maps (accessed 9 January 2019)
  22. McFadden WY Google Maps (accessed 9 January 2019)
  23. Muddy Gap WY Google Maps (accessed 9 January 2019)
  24. Woodedge WY Google Maps (accessed 9 January 2019)

Further reading
  • Bartos, T.T. et al. (2006). Water resources of Carbon County, Wyoming [Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5027]. Reston VA: US Department of the Interior, US Geological Survey.
  • Hettinger, R.D. and J.G. Honey. (2006). Geologic map and coal stratigraphy of the Doty Mountain quadrangle, eastern Washakie Basin, Carbon County, Wyoming [Scientific Investigations Map 2925]. Reston VA: US Department of the Interior, US Geological Survey.

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