Caryoteae

Caryoteae is a tribe in the palm family Arecaceae, distributed across Southeast Asia, from southern India and Sri Lanka east to Vanuatu and northernmost Queensland, Australia. It was long considered a member of subfamily Arecoideae on the basis of its inflorescences, which resemble those of tribe Iriarteeae, and the flowers arranged in triads (two male flowers with a central female flower), which are common across Arecoideae.[1] However, phylogenetic studies based on DNA repeatedly link Caryoteae to subfamily Coryphoideae. Caryoteae do have leaves with induplicate folds, a feature found in most Coryphoid palms, but unlike most Coryphoideae, the leaves are pinnate (Arenga, Wallichia) or bipinnate (Caryota).[2][3] Phoenix is the only other Coryphoid genus with induplicate, pinnate leaves.[3]

Caryoteae
Caryota gigas at the Huntington Library
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Coryphoideae
Tribe: Caryoteae
Scheff.
Type genus
Caryota
Genera

Arenga Labill.
Caryota L.
Wallichia Roxb.

Genera

It contains three genera:

  • The bipinnate leaves of Caryota mitis
  • Caryota flowers are arranged in triads
  • Caryota urens flowers at anthesis
  • The fruits of Caryota mitis
  • Fruits of Arenga engleri
  • Arenga leaves are pinnate
  • Leaves of Arenga undulatifolia - note the praemorse margins
  • Young specimen of Arenga engleri
  • Wallichia disticha leaves are arranged in two ranks
  • The flowers of Wallichia oblongifolia

References
  1. Uhl, Natalie W.; Dransfield, John (1987). Genera Palmarum: a classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore Jr. Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.: The L. H. Bailey Hortorium and the International Palm Society. ISBN 9780935868302.
  2. Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2005). "A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family, Arecaceae". Kew Bulletin. 60: 559–569 – via ResearchGate.
  3. Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2014). Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of Palms. International Palm Society. ISBN 978-1842461822.
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