Cham calendar
The Cham calendar (Cham: ꨧꨆꨥꨪ sakawi) is a lunar calendar used by the Cham people of Vietnam since ancient times.
System
The names of the days of the Cham week were derived from their Sanskrit names used in the traditional Hindu calendar.
Day | Cham day (Haray) |
---|---|
Sunday | Adit |
Monday | Som |
Tuesday | Angar |
Wednesday | But |
Thursday | Jip |
Friday | Suk |
Saturday | Thanchar |
The length of the month: the full month (balan tapăk) has 30 days and the hollow month (balan u) has 29 days.
Gregorian month | Cham month (Balan) |
---|---|
1st month | Balan sa |
2nd month | Balan dua |
3rd month | Balan klau |
4th month | Balan pak |
5th month | Balan lima |
6th month | Balan nam |
7th month | Balan tijuh |
8th month | Balan dalapan |
9th month | Balan salapan |
10th month | Balan sa pluh |
11th month | Balan sa plu sa |
12th month | Balan sa plu dua |
Cham zodiac
The Cham zodiac is similar to the Chinese zodiac in its usage and arrangement of animals, but replaces the Monkey with the turtle (kra).
Zodiac animal sign | Cham zodiac (anuk nuthăk) | Characteristic |
---|---|---|
Rat | Tikuh | 2 dragons look for food- 2 dragons go out- 2 dragons take water and make rain. February, March, October: sunny, dewy. Early June: rainy. September, November: rainfall is low. Creatures multiply. Bumper crop of rice. Easy to be taken ill for people. |
Buffalo | Kubao | 2 dragons stay at home- 3 dragons take water and make rain. February, March: rainy. April: rainfall is low. June: dewy. July: rainfall is high. Bumper secondary crop. Epidemic disease of people and cattle. |
Tiger | Rimaong | 1 dragon is ill- 6 dragons take water and make rain. January, February: sunny. March, April: rainy. July, August: early:sunny, lately: rainy. September: rainy. Bumper secondary crop. Several of little disturbances. |
Rabbit | Tapay | 4 dragons are ill- 2 dragons stay at home- 6 dragons take water and make rain. January, March, August: rainy. July: sunny. September: flood. Bumper crop of fruit. Epidemic disease. |
Dragon | Inagirai | 8 dragons are ill- 2 dragons take water and make rain. Flood. Bumper of fruit and seafood. Insects harm crop. Epidemic disease, many people died. Disturbance. The court worries. |
Snake | Ulanaih | 1 dragon is ill- 2 dragons stay at home- 6 dragons take water and make rain. February, August, November, December: little rain. April, June: much rain. Bumper secondary crop. Many cattle died. |
Horse | Athaih | 2 dragons stay at home- 2 dragons take water and make rain. January, February: rainy. July: sunny. Bumper crop of rice and secondary crop. Epidemic disease for people and cattle. |
Goat | Pabaiy | 2 dragons are ill- 2 dragons stay at home- 3 dragons take water and make rain. January: sunny. February, March, April, June: little rain. Lately July: much rain, strong wind. August, September: rats harm crop. October: rainy. |
Turtle | Kra | 2 dragons are ill- 2 dragons stay at home- 2 dragons take water and make rain. February: bumper of rice and secondary crop. March, April: worry, died. |
Chicken | Manuk | 4 dragons are ill- 2 dragon take water and make rain. February, April, June: little rain, poor crop. The weather is unusual. Hurricane. Worrying. |
Dog | Athau | 3 dragons are ill- 1 dragon stay at home- 3 dragons take water and make rain. January, February: rainy. Early July, August, September: rainy. Bumper secondary crop. Peaceful. Several of epidemic diseases. |
Pig | Papwiy | 5 dragons are ill- 2 dragons stay at home- 2 dragons take water and make rain. February: much rain. March, April, July, August: sunny. June: strong wind. September, October: flood. Trees are withered. Disturbances. |
Further reading
- Tran Ky Phuong, Bruce Lockhart, The Cham of Vietnam: History, Society and Art, NUS Press, Jan 1, 2011, p 326-328, accessed October 3, 2016 at https://books.google.com/books?id=GUHeBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA326
- ASIAN HIGHLANDS PERSPECTIVES 28: Collection of Papers p. 164
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