Chatra (community development block)

Chatra is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Chatra subdivision of the Chatra district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Chatra
Community development block
Chatra
Location in Jharkhand
Chatra
Chatra (India)
Coordinates: 24.2038°N 84.8703°E / 24.2038; 84.8703
Country India
StateJharkhand
DistrictChatra
Government
 • TypeFederal democracy
Area
 • Total400.21 km2 (154.52 sq mi)
Elevation
508 m (1,667 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total101,014
 • Density250/km2 (650/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialHindi, Urdu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
825401 (Chatra)
Telephone code06541
Vehicle registrationJH-13
Literacy55.54%
Lok Sabha constituencyChatra
Vidhan Sabha constituencyChatra
Websitechatra.nic.in

Overview

Chatra district forms a part of the Upper Hazaribagh Plateau, Lower Hazaribagh Plateau and northern scarp. Located at an elevation of about 450 metres (1,476 ft), the general slope of the district is from north to south. Red laterite acidic soil predominates in an area that is primarily dependent upon rain-fed agriculture. Around 60% of the district is covered with forests. The district has a population density of 275 persons per km2. Around two-thirds of the families in the district live below poverty line.[1] In the extreme south of the district some portions of Tandwa CD Block are part of North Karanpura Coalfield.[2]

Maoist activities

Jharkhand is one of the states affected by Maoist activities. As of 2012, Chatra was one of the 14 highly affected districts in the state. 5 persons were killed in Chatra district in 2012, but Maoist activities, such as arms training camps and organisation of ‘Jan Adalats’ (kangaroo courts) were on the decline.[3] As of 2016, Chatra was identified as one of the 13 focus areas by the state police to check Maoist activities.[4]

Geography

Chatra is located at 24°12′14″N 84°52′13″E.[5] It has an average elevation of 508 metres (1669 feet).

Chatra CD block is bounded by Shaligram Ramnarayanpur and Kanhachatti CD blocks in the north, Gidhour and Pathalgada CD blocks in the east, Simaria and Lawalong CD blocks in the south and Kunda CD block in the west.[6]

Chatra CD block has an area of 400.21 km2.[7]Chatra Sadar police station serves this block.[8] The headquarters of Chatra CD block is at Chatra town.[9]

There are 18 panchayats and 182 villages in Chatra CD Block.[1]

Gram panchayats of Chatra CD Block/ panchayat samiti are: Moktama, Darha, Sikid, Paradih, Dewaria, Ara, Baraini, Brahmana, Godhai, Sima, Tikar, Damdoiya, Jangi, Gandharia, Dariatu and Lem.[1]

Demographics

Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, Chatra CD block had a total population of 101,014, all of which were rural. There were 51,958 (51%) males and 49,056 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 20,206. Scheduled Castes numbered 38,364 (37.98%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 3,777 (3.74%).[10]

Literacy

As of 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Chatra CD block was 44,884 (55.54% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 27,164 (65.27% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 17,720 (36.13% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 29.15%.[10]

As of 2011 census, literacy in Chatra district was 60.18% [11] Literacy in Jharkhand (for population over 7 years) was 66.41% in 2011.[12] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[13]

See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate

Language and religion

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, as of 2001, among the different mother tongues (languages mentioned under 8th Schedule of Constitution of India), Hindi was spoken by 703,337 persons forming 88.87% of the population of Chatra district, followed by Urdu 68,301 persons (8.63%), Oraon 11,115 persons (1.40%) and other languages (with no details) 8,681 (1.10%). The population of the Scheduled Tribes in the district of Chatra during 2011 Census was 45,563 constituting 4.36 percent of the total population of the district.[14]

Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language.[15]

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Hindus numbered 903,179 and formed 86.60% of the population of Chatra district, followed by Muslims 116,710 (11.19%).[16]

Rural poverty

Total number of BPL households in Chatra CD block in 2002-2007 was 16,489.[17] According to 2011 census, number of households in Chatra CD block was 17,395.[18] Rural poverty in Jharkhand declined from 66% in 1993–94 to 46% in 2004–05. In 2011, it has come down to 39.1%.[19]

Note: BPL data possibly includes that of Kanhachatii CD block

Economy

Livelihood

Livelihood
in Chatra CD block

  Cultivators (25.21%)
  Agricultural labourers (30.63%)
  Household industries (5.51%)
  Other Workers (38.66%)

In Chatra CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 13,799 and formed 25.21%, agricultural labourers numbered 16,766 and formed 30.63%, household industry workers numbered 3,015 and formed 5.51% and other workers numbered 21,162 and formed 38.66%. Total workers numbered 54,742 and formed 36.25% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 96,257 and formed 63.75% of the population.[20]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[21]

Infrastructure

There are 167 inhabited villages in Chatra CD block. In 2011, 38 villages had power supply. 4 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 165 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 164 villages had hand pumps, and all villages had drinking water facility. 6 villages had post offices, 7 villages had sub post offices, 9 villages had telephones (land lines), 64 villages had mobile phone coverage. 163 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 7 villages had bus service (public/ private), 24 villages had autos/ modified autos, 9 villages had taxi/vans and 73 villages had tractors. 3 villages had bank branches, 1 village had agricultural credit societiey, 1 village had cinema/ vieo hall, 2 villages had public library and public reading room. 57 villages had public distribution system, 5 villages had weekly haat (market) and 49 villages had assembly polling stations.[22]

Agriculture

Chatra is a predominanty forest district with 65% of the land area being covered with forests. The balance 35% of the area has both rocky and alluvial soil. Aluvial soil is found mostly near river valleys. Rice is the main crop of the district. Other important crops grown are bazra, maize and pulses (mainly arhar and gramme).[23]

Backward Regions Grant Fund

Chatra district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund created by the Government of India is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.[24][25]

Transport

NH 22 (old numbering NH 99) connects Sonbarsha (India-Nepal border) with Muzaffarpur, Patna, Gaya, Dobhi, Hunterganj and Chatra and terminates at its junction with NH 39 in Chandwa CD block in Latehar district. NH-22 crosses NH 19 (old numbering NH 2) at Dobhi in Gaya district of Bihar.[26]

Education

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Chatra CD block had 27 villages with pre-primary schools, 127 villages with primary schools, 65 villages with middle schools, 13 villages with secondary schools, 6 villages with senior secondary schools, 39 villages with no educational facility.[27]
.*Note:Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand

Healthcare

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Chatra CD block had 5 villages with primary health centres, 10 villages with primary health subcentres, 5 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 5 villages with allopathic hospitals, 4 villages with dispensaries, 3 villages with veterinary hospitals, 3 villages with family welfare centres, 10 villages with medicine shops.[27]
.*Note: Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included

References
  1. "Chatra - the official website". Blocks, Circles & Panchayats – List of villages under Panchayats. Chatra district authority. Archived from the original on 2016-06-27. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  2. "The North Karanpura Coalfields". Jharkhand. sinclair-environmental. Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  3. "Jharkhand Assessment 2013". Satp. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  4. "13 focus areas identified in Jharkhand to check Maoist activities". Eenadu Jndia, 14 June 2016. Archived from the original on 27 September 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  5. "Chatra, India Page". fallingrain.com. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  6. "Chatra". CD Block/Tehsil Map. Chatra district administration. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  7. "Chatra District Census Handbook," (PDF). Census of India 2011, Page 26. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  8. "District Police Profile – Chatra". Contact Number. Jharkhand Police. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  9. "Administrative Boundary Map, Chatra District, Jharkhand". Chatra district administration. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  10. "2011 Census C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". Jharkhand – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  11. "District Census 2011". Population Census 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  12. "Jharkhand Profile" (PDF). Census Info India 2011 – Final population totals. Census Commissioner, Government of India. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  13. "Literacy in India". Census 2011. Census population 2015 data. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  14. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census" (PDF). page 22: Note on mother tongue of earlier census. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  15. "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  16. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census" (PDF). page 23: Note on religion. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  17. "Departments: Food and Supply". Blockwise Statistics BPL List 2002-2007. Chatra district administration. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  18. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII B, 2011 census" (PDF). page 26: District Primary Census Abstract. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  19. "Eliminating poverty" (PDF). Jharkhand government. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
  20. "District Census Handbook 2011 Chatra, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Tables 30 and 33, pages 48 and 51. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  21. "District Census Handbook 2011 Chatra, Series 21 Part XII A" (PDF). Census Concepts, Pages 10-21. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  22. "District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 673-675, Appendix I: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  23. "District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 9-10. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  24. "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  25. "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  26. "Rationalisation of numbering system on National Highways" (PDF). Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  27. "District Census Handbook Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 671-673. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
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