Cherokee Sewer Site

The Cherokee Sewer Site is a multi-component Prehistoric Indian Archaic bison processing site excavated in 1973 and 1976 near the sewage treatment plant of Cherokee, Iowa, United States. (Note: It is not associated with the Cherokee tribe of the Southeast or Oklahoma.)

Cherokee Sewer Site
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Nearest city	Cherokee, Iowa
NRHP reference No.	74000777 [1]
Added to NRHP	December 24, 1974

Analysis of evidence from the site shows a transition in bison hunting strategy on the East Plains during the Archaic period in the Americas. Data from the Cherokee sewer excavations produced some of the earliest models for climate change in the Midwest.[2]

A revisiting in the 1990s of "bison dentition and fetal elements" from the site indicates that the indigenous people of the Paleoindian and Early Archaic horizons conducted a late-fall to early-winter season of bison kill, rather than a mid- to late-winter season of kill, as suggested in the 1980 report.[3] The evidence showed that there was a shift in the age of bison killed "from younger animals to older ones"[3] during what is now known as the "mid-Holocene, roughly 6,000 years BP.[4] Together these results suggest that "bison hunters on the eastern Plains used different adaptive strategies to cope with climate change than those seen on the western Plains."[3]

The site is listed as an archeological site on the National Register of Historic Places.

References

1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
2. Anderson, Duane; Semken, Holmes A. (1980). The Cherokee Excavations: Holocene Ecology and Human Adaptations in Northwestern Iowa. New York: Academic Press.
3. Whittaker, William E. (1999). "The Cherokee Excavations Revisited: Bison Hunting on the Eastern Plains". North American Archaeologist. 19(4): 293–316. Retrieved 18 Nov 2020.
4. "Mid-Holocene Warm Period – About 6,000 Years Ago". National Centers for Environmental Information - NOAA. n.d. Retrieved 18 Nov 2020.

Further reading

• Anderson, Duane C. and Shutler, Richard. (1978) "The Cherokee Sewer Site (13CK405): A Summary and Assessment," in Bison Procurement and Utilization: A Symposium, Davis, L. B. and Wilson, M. C. (eds.), pp. 132–139, Plains Anthropologist Memoir No. 14.