Chief Makhanda Regiment

The Chief Makhanda Regiment (formerly known as the First City) is a reserve air assault infantry regiment of the South African Army.[1]

First Eastern Rifles First City Chief Makhanda Regiment
SANDF First City emblem
Active	1875 to present
Country	South Africa
Allegiance	Republic of South Africa  Republic of South Africa (1994–present)
Branch	South African Army  South African Army (1994–present)
Type	Light Infantry
Role	Air Assault and Training
Size	One Air Assault battalion & a Training Wing
Part of	South African Infantry Formation Army Conventional Reserve
Garrison/HQ	RHQ: Drill Hall, Hill Street, Grahamstown Training Base: Fort Ihlosi Training Base, Grahamstown Military Base
Nickname(s)	The Fighting Grahams (Airborne Highlanders) During WW2 the FC/CTH wore the Green and Gold Hackle and were nicknamed "the Budgies"
Colours (8)	1876 Regimental FCVA 1904 Kings Colour QVR 1904 Kings Colour FCV 1905 Regimental Colour QVR 1905 Regimental Colour FCV 1965 Regimental Colour FC Damaged by fire 1969 Regimental Colour FC 1989 National Colour FC
March	Bonny Dundee
Mascot(s)	Albany Leopard
Anniversaries	Founders Weekend closest weekend to 18 November Delvillewood July of each year
Commanders
Colonel-in-Chief	The Duke of Kent, Maj Gen, Prince George KG MC GCVO 1935–1942 KIA The Duke of Montrose KT CB 1946–1961
Honorary Colonel	Col Cecil Peter Jones-Phillipson SM (Appointed 2010)
Insignia
Abbreviation	CMR
Tartan	Graham of Montrose
Company level Insignia
SA Motorised Infantry beret bar circa 1992	SA Motorised Infantry beret bar

History

Colony Frontier

The regiment was formed from the First City Volunteers (FCV) of Grahamstown that were formed in 1875 in Grahamstown and the Queenstown Rifle Volunteers (QVR) that were formed in 1860 (Re-raised 1883) in Queenstown and these regiments were formed due to the unrest on the then frontier.

The QVR and the FCV fought in the Cape Frontier Wars and the 9th Frontier War (1877–1878). The QVR fought in the Morosi Campaign (1879). The FCV fought in the Basutoland Gun War (1880–1881). The QVR and the FCV later fought in the Bechuanaland campaign (1897), and in the Second Boer War (1899–1902).[2]

Union Defence Force

On 1 July 1913, the QVR amalgamated with the FCV and was incorporated into the Citizen Force of the new Union Defence Force as the 4th Infantry (First Eastern Rifles). It served in German South-West Africa 1914–1915.[2]

However, in 1924 the First Eastern Rifles were renamed the 4th Infantry (First City). The numerical part of the title was dropped in 1932, making the regiment simply First City.

In the mid 1930s, the regiment adopted Scottish uniform, including the Graham of Montrose tartan.

World War 2

During World War II, FC served in the Madagascar campaign (1942). On 5 October 1943, First City, South Africa's senior Scottish unit, was temporarily "married up" with the Cape Town Highlanders to form the FC/CTH which was part of the 12th South African Motorised Brigade of the South African 6th Armoured Division. The "marriage" lasted until 8 May 1945. After completing its training in Egypt, the division landed at Taranto, Italy on 20 April 1944 and fought exclusively in Italy during its existence.[3] In 1946, the regiment was reconstituted as a component of the country's part-time forces and reformed First City.[2]

From 1954 to 1956, FC was amalgamated with the Kaffrarian Rifles, known as First City/Kaffrarian Rifles. In 1956 it reverted to being called First City.

Border War

The regiment served in the South African Border War from 1977 to 1986, and was also involved from 1983 until 1994 in Internal Operations. The regiment was affiliated with 84 Motorised Brigade, part of 8th Armoured Division.

Post 1994

In 2004 it was decided to rebuild First City and by 2006 the regiment was training its own members as well as members of the Prince Alfred's Guard, The Buffalo Volunteer Rifles and Regiment Piet Retief these all being Eastern Cape regiments. Many members have also been trained in Air Assault. The Regiment has also sent members on UN & AU peace keeping missions to the DRC, Burundi and the Sudan.

2008 saw First City winning the trophy for the best reserve force regiment in the SA Army Infantry Formation. The regiment retained this award for 2009.[1]

Name Change

In August 2019, 52 Reserve Force units had their names changed to reflect the diverse military history of South Africa.[4] The First City became the Chief Makhanda Regiment, and have 3 years to design and implement new regimental insignia.[5]

Regimental Symbols

Badges

• Bonny Badge: silver crest of Montrose; directly behind the void areas of the badge on the Montrose tartan the following is worn:
  • Scarlet – officers and warrant officers
  • Blue – All other members
  • Maroon – All Airborne qualified members
  • The officers & WOs wear a diamond-shaped tartan backing, while the NCOs and Rfn wear a square tartan backing.
• Cap badge backing (1935– ): Graham of Montrose tartan. 1935 to 1943 pale red hackle also worn.
• 1943 to 1945 only a green and gold hackle was worn during this period. FC/CTH
• Collar badge: albany leopard on a branch
• Shoulder & epaulette title: "First City"
  • Officers & WOs wear the gold metal epaulette designation on the red tab.
  • NCOs & Rfn wear a gold and green cloth shoulder title

SADF era First City Regiment insignia

• Qualification: Air Assault Badge

Headdress

Blue Balmoral bonnet with blue and white dicing, with a red toorie in 1935. The regiment's Highland company wore a Tam o'shanter without the toorie from 1906–1913, while the pipers wore a dark blue Glengarry. The new blue glengarry with blue and white dicing has the Maroon toorie to symbolise the regiment's airborne role. (Worn by officers & WOs) The khaki tam o'shanter when worn by air assault members has a maroon toorie. (Worn by S/Sgt/Rfn) The officers and WOs when in service/combat dress wear the light khaki balmoral.

Tartan

Graham of Montrose. The highland company was kilted in 1906, while the officers and warrant officers were allowed to wear trews from 1935 and the whole regiment was kilted in 1940.

Motto

New motto: "Expecto" (be alert/be prepared/I await)

• Old FCV Motto: Virtute et opera (By Virtue and Deeds)
• Old QVR Motto: Semper Paratus (Always Ready)

Current Dress Insignia

SANDF era Infantry Formation insignia

Alliances

• British: The Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment (from 1928 to 1958),then renamed The Royal Anglian Regiment (1958 to 1961).

Battle honours

Awarded

Gaika Gcaleka 1877

Basutoland 1880-81

Bechuanaland 1897

South Africa 1899-1902

South West Africa 1914 - 1915

Madagascar 1942

Italy 1944-45

Paliano

Casino II

Chiusi

Florence

The Greve

Gothic Line

Monte Stanco

Monte Pezza

Sole/Caprara

Po Valley

South West Africa/Angola 1976-1989

Outstanding

South Africa 1879

Leadership

Leadership

From	Colonel-in-Chief	To
1935	The Duke of Kent, Maj Gen, Prince George KG MC GCVO	1942
1946	The Duke of Montrose KT CB	1961
From	Honorary Colonel	To
1989	Brig Gen A C Chemaly SM MMM JCD	2009
2009	Col Cecil Peter Jones-Phillipson SM	Present
From	Commanding Officer	To
2017	Acting Maj Robin Collins	Present
From	Regimental Sergeants Major	To
2003	MWO Craig Stuart Brown MMM JCD	2013

References

1. "First City - The Fighting Grahams" (PDF). Republic of South Africa: Defense Reserves. Retrieved 3 February 2017.
2. "Unit Info First City Regiment". South African Military Units. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
3. "6 SA Armoured Div". Retrieved 10 November 2017.
4. "New Reserve Force unit names". defenceWeb. 7 August 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
5. "Renaming process has resulted in an Army structure that truly represents SA". IOL. 16 August 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2020.