Chromis punctipinnis

The blacksmith (Chromis punctipinnis), also known as the blacksmith chromis and blacksmith damselfish, is a fish in the damselfish family. It is native to the northeastern Pacific Ocean, where it range is from Monterey Bay, California, USA, to central Baja California, Mexico.[2] This small fish is associated with rocky reefs and kelp forests.[2]

Chromis punctipinnis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Family: Pomacentridae
Genus: Chromis
Species:
C. punctipinnis
Binomial name
Chromis punctipinnis
(J.G. Cooper, 1863)
Synonyms

Ayresia punctipinnis J.G. Cooper, 1863

School of Blacksmith on the Peacock Wreck, offshore of Anacapa Island

Description

The blacksmith can reach 25 centimetres (10 in) in length.[2] It is blue-black in color with small black spots towards the tail. The scales are large. The tail is forked. The juvenile is two-toned with a blue-grey front and a brownish-orange rear.

Ecology

Habitat

The fish lives at depths up to 46 metres (151 ft), usually close to the sea floor, over rocks, or on slopes. It also inhabits kelp forests.

Diet

The diet includes marine algae and zooplankton.

Behaviour

The blacksmith rests in rocky crevices during the night. It is known to be territorial, and, although small, it acts aggressively toward other fish. Juveniles are pelagic and form schools. The blacksmith is symbiotic with the señorita. When it feels that it is starting to deteriorate in hygiene it will turn until it is perpendicular to the ground, allowing the señorita to clean it.

Reproduction

The blacksmith spawns during summer and autumn. The male cleans a nesting site, then herds a female to it. After spawning, the male guards the eggs until they hatch.

References
  1. Collen, B.; Richman, N.; Beresford, A.; Chenery, A. & Ram, M. (Sampled Red List Index Coordinating Team). (2010). "Chromis punctipinnis". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T154831A4645603. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T154831A4645603.en.
  2. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). "Chromis punctipinnis" in FishBase. February 2006 version.
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