Chronologie

Chronologie (English: "chronology" – some later reissues use the English spelling) is the eleventh studio album by French electronic musician and composer Jean-Michel Jarre, and was released on Disques Dreyfus (with license to Polydor) in 1993. It is inspired by Stephen Hawking's book A Brief History of Time. "Chronologie Part 4" and "Chronologie Part 5" started out as a composition for the Swiss watch company Swatch. The sound of Chronologie was based on a new wave of electronic dance music that had been developing since the late 1980s. Like Jarre's previous album Waiting for Cousteau, Chronologie charted at Number 11 in the UK charts. The album cover art was created by long-time collaborator Michel Granger.[2]

Chronologie
Studio album by
Jean-Michel Jarre
Released24 May 1993
Recorded1992–93
GenreEDM, electronica, house, techno, trance, breakbeat, ambient, new-age, chill-out, synthpop, electro, electropop, pop
Length42:07
LabelDisques Dreyfus
ProducerJean Michel Jarre
Jean-Michel Jarre chronology
Images - The Best of Jean Michel Jarre
(1991)		 Chronologie
(1993)		 Hong Kong
(1994)
Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic[1]

Overview

In 1993, Jarre released Chronologie, an album influenced by the techno-music scene. From a technical standpoint, the album is a reversion to a concept seen in Jarre's Oxygène/Équinoxe period, where a grandiose overture precedes more rhythmic sections.[3] The album features Jarre's traditional collection of instruments like the ARP 2600 and Minimoog, as well as newer synthesisers such as the Roland JD-800 and the Kurzweil K2000.[4]

In the state of mind I did Chronologie, it's quite close to what I did for Oxygène, using a lot of the old synthesizers of the '70s, like the Moog synthesizer — which I consider to be the Stradivarius of electronic music — mixed with the digital sound and the beat of the dance scene of the '90s. In a sense, Chronologie is a kind of mixture between the sounds of the '70s and the sounds of the '90s.[3]

Jarre was invited to the inaugural celebrations of the Palace of the Lost City, a hotel located within the Sun City resort in South Africa. Three concerts were held on 1, 2 and 3 December 1992. Each concert was attended by 15,000 people.

Chronologie was performed at a series of 16 performances across Europe called Europe in Concert. These were on a smaller scale than his previous concerts, featuring a miniature skyline, laser imaging and fireworks. Locations included Lausanne, Mont St Michel, London, Manchester, Barcelona, Seville and the Versailles Palace near Paris.[5] A concert was also held in Hong Kong in March 1994, to mark the opening of the city's new stadium.[6] Jarre performed many of his most well-known hits at the Concert for Tolerance on Bastille Day in 1995, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the United Nations. The Eiffel Tower was specially lit for the occasion, prompting the installation of a more permanent display.[7] The following December, he created the website "A Space for Tolerance", which featured music from En Attendant Cousteau, played while the user browsed a variety of "visual worlds".[8]

Track listing

All tracks by Jean Michel Jarre.

Side one
No.TitleLength
1."Chronologie Part 1"10:51
2."Chronologie Part 2"6:05
3."Chronologie Part 3"3:59
Side two
No.TitleLength
1."Chronologie Part 4"3:59
2."Chronologie Part 5"5:34
3."Chronologie Part 6"3:45
4."Chronologie Part 7"2:17
5."Chronologie Part 8"5:33

Personnel

Certifications
Region CertificationCertified units/sales
France (SNEP)[9] none 427,200 [10]*
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[11] 3× Platinum 300,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[12] Platinum 50,000^

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References
  1. https://www.allmusic.com/album/r186942
  2. http://www.granger-michel.com/project/disque-jean-michel-jarre-cover2/
  3. Chronologie & Europe in Concert Interview (Part 1 of 3) – Jean-Michel Jarre, youtube.com, 1993, retrieved 20 June 2009
  4. Chronologie sleeve notes, Disques Dreyfus, 1991
  5. Europe in Concert – 1993, jeanmicheljarre.com, archived from the original on 21 June 2009, retrieved 20 June 2009
  6. Holland, Fiona (12 March 1994), "Laser show wows stadium crowd", Hong Kong Standard, p. 1
  7. Concert For Tolerance – 1995, jeanmicheljarre.com, archived from the original on 9 September 2009, retrieved 23 June 2009
  8. LeGrand, Emmanuel (23 March 1996), Jarre Creates an 'Online Space', Billboard Magazine, p. 46, retrieved 23 June 2009
  9. "French album certifications – JMJ – XChronologie" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique.
  10. https://www.infodisc.fr/Ventes_Albums_Tout_Temps.php?debut=750
  11. "Solo Exitos 1959–2002 Ano A Ano: Certificados 1991–1995". Solo Exitos 1959–2002 Ano A Ano. ISBN 8480486392.
  12. "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (JMJ; 'Chronologie')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien.
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