Ciona robusta

Ciona robusta is a species of marine invertebrate in the genus Ciona of the family Cionidae. The holotype was collected on the northeastern coast of Honsyu Island, Japan.[1] Populations of Ciona intestinalis known as Ciona intestinalis type A found in the Mediterranean Sea, the Pacific Ocean, West coast of North America, and the Atlantic coasts of South Africa have been shown to be Ciona robusta.[2]

Ciona robusta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Subphylum:
Tunicata
Class:
Ascidiacea
Order:
Enterogona
Suborder:
Phlebobranchia
Family:
Cionidae
Genus:
Ciona
Species:
C. robusta
Binomial name
Ciona robusta

C. robusta is a delineation of C. Intestinalis. In the early 2000s, molecular research concluded that C. intestinalis was composed of four distinct lineages named type A, B, C and D. Conia intestinalis type A was later reclassified as C. robusta. It was not until 2015 that the four different classifications of C. intestinalis were accepted into the scientific community, and thus reported on.[3]

References
  1. "Ciona robusta Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967". WoRMS. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  2. Brunetti, Riccardo; Gissi C; Pennati R; Caicci F; Gasparini F; Manni L (2015). "Morphological evidence that the molecularly determined Ciona intestinalis type A and type B are different species: Ciona robusta and Ciona intestinalis". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 53 (3): 186–193. doi:10.1111/jzs.12101.
  3. Malfant, Marine; Darras, Sebastien; Viard, Viard (24 January 2018). "Coupling molecular data and experimental crosses sheds light about species delineation: a case study with the genus Ciona". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 1480. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19811-2. PMC 5784138. PMID 29367599.


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