Clamator

Clamator is a genus of large brood-parasitic cuckoos with crests and graduated tails.

Clamator
Jacobin cuckoo, Clamator jacobinus (serratus on the left and pica to the right) Illustration by Keulemans, 1891
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Cuculiformes
Family:	Cuculidae
Genus:	Clamator Kaup, 1829
Species
C. glandarius C. jacobinus C. levaillantii C. coromandus

The genus was erected by German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829 with the great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) as the type species.[1] The name Clamator is Latin for "shouter" from clamare, "to shout".[2]

There are four species:[3]

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Distribution
	Clamator coromandus	Chestnut-winged cuckoo	northern Indian subcontinent, China and Southeast Asia
	Clamator glandarius	Great spotted cuckoo	Africa and the Mediterranean Basin
	Clamator levaillantii	Levaillant's cuckoo	Sub-Saharan Africa
	Clamator jacobinus	Jacobin cuckoo or pied cuckoo	South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Clamator cuckoos are found in warmer parts of southern Europe and Asia, and in Africa south of the Sahara Desert. These are birds of warm open scrubby habitats, but some species are at least partially migratory, leaving for warmer and wetter areas in winter.[4]

These are large cuckoos, all at least 33 cm (13 in) long, with broad chestnut wings and long narrow tails. They are strikingly patterned with black, white and brown plumage. The sexes are similar but the juvenile plumages are distinctive. The two African species each also have two distinct colour morphs, light and dark.

All the Clamator cuckoos are brood parasites, which lay a single egg in the nests of medium-sized hosts, such as magpies, starlings, shrikes, laughingthrushes, bulbuls and babblers, depending on location. Unlike the common cuckoo, neither the hen nor the hatched chick of Clamator species evict the host's eggs, but the host's young often die because they cannot compete successfully with the cuckoo for food.

These are noisy birds, with persistent and loud calls. They feed on large insects, with hairy caterpillars, which are distasteful to many birds, being a speciality.

References

1. Kaup, Johann Jakob (1829). Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und Naturliches System der Europaischen Thierwelt (in German). Darmstadt: In commission bei Carl Wilhelm Leske. p. 53.
2. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
3. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Turacos, bustards, cuckoos, mesites, sandgrouse". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
4. Friedmann, H (1964). "Evolutionary trends in the genus Clamator". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 146 (4): 1–106.