Clive Palmer's United Australia Party

Clive Palmer's United Australia Party (Clive Palmer's UAP), formerly known as the United Australia Party (UAP) and Palmer United Party (PUP), is an Australian political party formed by mining magnate Clive Palmer in April 2013. It was deregistered by the Australian Electoral Commission in 2017, but revived and re-registered in 2018. It brands itself as a revival of the original United Australia Party, which had been the main non-Labor federal party from 1931 to 1945. However, it was known as the Palmer United Party from May 2013 until it was briefly deregistered.

This article is about the contemporary political party founded by Clive Palmer. For the historic party, see United Australia Party.

Clive Palmer's United Australia Party
AbbreviationClive Palmer's UAP
LeaderClive Palmer
FoundedApril 2013 (2013-04)
Headquarters240 Queen Street, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
IdeologyRight-wing populism
Australian nationalism
Political positionRight-wing[1]
Colours  Yellow
SloganMake Australia Great
Website
www.unitedaustraliaparty.org.au

The party fielded candidates in all 150 House of Representatives seats at the September 2013 federal election. Palmer, the party's leader, was elected to the Division of Fairfax and it reached a peak of three Senators following the rerun of the Western Australian senate election in 2014.

At state and territory level, the party has been represented in the Parliament of the Northern Territory (NT) and the Parliament of Queensland. Two former Liberal National (and later independent) members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly joined the PUP in April 2013, while three former Country Liberal (CLP) (and briefly independent) members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, joined the party in April 2014. Both of the Queensland members left to become independents again during 2014,[2] and all the NT members left the party that same year, with two becoming independents and one re-joining the CLP.[3] The party unsuccessfully contested the South Australian, Tasmanian, and Victorian state elections in 2014. Thus far (May 2019), no PUP or UAP candidates have been elected to a state or territory parliament.

The party was revived under its original name in 2018, with ex-One Nation senator Brian Burston representing it in parliament.[4][5] The second incarnation of the party was registered by the Australian Electoral Commission on 12 December 2018, with a Brisbane address and Palmer as the registered officer.[6]

As of 17 September 2020, the party is facing deregistration for failure to comply with the minimum 500-member requirement.[7]

Background
Clive Palmer, party leader

Palmer announced in November 2012 he was considering re-forming the United Australia Party, which had been folded into the present-day Liberal Party of Australia in 1945. He had been a longtime supporter of the federal National Party and the Liberal National Party of Queensland (LNP). Palmer's nephew, Blair Brewster, had applied to trademark the party name two months earlier.[8] There was speculation it would join forces with Katter's Australian Party.[8] A month following the party's founding, Palmer announced that the party would be renamed the Palmer United Party to ease registration and to avoid confusion with a separate party already registered with the Australian Electoral Commission, the Uniting Australia Party.[9] Despite its name change, the party still branded itself as a revival of the old UAP. According to its Website, the party reckons the three leaders of the original party—Joseph Lyons, Robert Menzies and Billy Hughes—as its former leaders.

Federal politics

2013 election

In April 2013, Palmer announced he was relaunching the UAP with the goal of running candidates in the 2013 federal election and had applied for registration in Queensland.[10][11] He told Lateline "It's a reformation of the original party".[12] The party also endorsed candidates to run in the Senate.[13] In the state of Victoria, two retired sportsmen were announced as Senate candidates: Australian rules football player Doug Hawkins and boxer Barry Michael.[14] Peter Slipper, the independent (formerly LNP) member for the Division of Fisher (and previously Speaker of the House of Representatives), joined the party on 11 May 2013.[15] Hours after announcing his membership had been accepted, the party released a statement on its website announcing members had decided to revoke Mr Slipper's membership under clause D26 of the constitution of the party.[16]

In the 2013 election, Palmer won the Sunshine Coast-area seat of Fairfax with a 26.49 percent primary and 50.03 percent two-candidate preferred vote, a margin of 53 votes. Senate candidates Glenn Lazarus (a former player of the National Rugby League's Canberra Raiders, Brisbane Broncos and Melbourne Storm) and Jacqui Lambie were elected for Queensland and Tasmania on votes of 9.89 percent and 6.58 percent respectively. The nationwide vote in the Senate was 4.91 percent. The outcome of the Senate vote in Western Australia was disputed and the Australian Electoral Commission ordered a re-run of the vote for 5 April 2014.

Two candidates (Glenn Lazarus of Queensland and Jacqui Lambie of Tasmania) were elected to the Senate. Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party senator-elect Ricky Muir, of Victoria, later agreed to enter into an informal alliance with the PUP. Dio Wang of Western Australia was elected to the Senate at a special election held in April 2014, after the original Senate election in the state was voided by the Court of Disputed Returns. The PUP bloc thus had four senators (3 PUPs plus Muir) when new members took their seats in July 2014. However, Muir soon left the alliance,[17] followed by Lambie who resigned to sit as an independent in November 2014,[18] and similarly, Lazarus in March 2015.[19]

2014 Western Australia Senate election

With a 12.34 percent vote, an increase of 7.33 percent, the party won a Senate seat at the Western Australian special Senate elections of April 2014.[20] The Palmer United Party's candidate, Zhenya (Dio) Wang won the fifth of six available seats. The publicity for Wang was minor, while the party's advertising was prominent.[21]

Following the April 2014 election, advertising monitoring company Ebiquity reported that PUP spent A$477,000 on 788 television commercial slots during the party's re-election campaign. The amount exceeded the combined spending of the Liberal, Labor and Greens parties on campaign advertising.[20]

Resignations

On 11 August 2014, Queensland Palmer United Party MP Alex Douglas resigned from the party to become an independent citing cronyism: "When I resigned from the LNP in November, 2012, I publicly stated there was a culture in the LNP, and there still is, of looking after mates and relatives, and that I do not support these flawed ideas."[22]

On 8 September 2014, Northern Territory PUP MP Francis Xavier Kurrupuwu resigned from the party and returned to the CLP, saying "there is no party structure in PUP and no help available". He said that Palmer had promised to give resources and staff to himself, Anderson and Lee, but had gotten "nothing" at all. He added that Palmer hadn't met with him at all since his initial defection from CLP.[23]

On 8 October 2014, Queensland's only remaining PUP MP Carl Judge resigned from the party to become an independent.[24]

On 24 November 2014, Senator Jacqui Lambie resigned from the PUP, announcing that she would remain in the Senate as an independent.[25] Lambie's resignation followed several weeks of disagreements with party leader Clive Palmer, culminating in her voting with a group of senators calling themselves the "coalition of common sense" in passing a disallowance motion on legislation supported by PUP to repeal the Future of Financial Advice reforms introduced by the previous Labor government.[26]

On 29 November 2014, Northern Territory MPs Alison Anderson and Larisa Lee announced they were resigning from the PUP to sit as independents. Anderson stated that she and Lee could no longer tolerate the "absolute chaos" in a party that had become a "national disgrace". She also accused the PUP of doing almost nothing to connect with them. Lee said that the PUP had "just kind of left (us) in the dark" after promising that she, Anderson and Kurrupuwu would be in a position to carry the party's banner and help them fight for Aboriginal rights.[27]

On 13 March 2015, Queensland Senator Glenn Lazarus announced his resignation from the PUP, accusing Clive Palmer of bullying, swearing and yelling at people. Lazarus stated "I have a different view of team work. Given this, I felt it best that I resign from the party and pursue my senate role as an independent senator." His wife Tess Sanders-Lazarus joined in, saying "I did make it clear to Clive that I was not happy with being bullied and spoken to using foul language." Palmer responded by sacking her, and then denying their accusations.[28][29]

In a PUP media release, the national director Peter Burke, was quoted as saying; "There is no doubting the timing of Senator Lazarus's defection from the party which came after Tess' sacking as a result of her not doing her job." Mr Burke said Tess Lazarus was dismissed for spending her time writing speeches and questions for her husband instead of working on agreed party duties. "After repeated efforts to have her engage in the correct party duties were ignored, the party had no alternative but to dismiss her."[30]

2015 federal by-elections and loss of support

Palmer United Party support collapsed at the 2015 federal by-elections, losing more than two thirds of its vote at the December 2015 North Sydney by-election, polling last of 13 candidates with a primary vote of just 0.5 percent, compared to 1.7 percent at the 2013 federal election.[31] The party lost more than half its vote at the September 2015 Canning by-election with a primary vote of 3.1 percent, compared to 6.9 percent at the previous election.

2016 election

Despite having had four parliamentarians elected at the 2013 election and subsequent 2014 Western Australian Senate election, only one, Dio Wang, contested the 2016 federal election for the Palmer United Party. Glenn Lazarus and Jacqui Lambie quit the party mid-term. In early May 2016, party leader Clive Palmer announced he would not seek re-election to his seat of Fairfax and later that month also ruled out running for a federal senate seat, ending his involvement in Australian electoral politics.[32][33]

The party fielded a single House of Representatives candidate in the Division of Herbert, and senate candidates in every state.[34]

Disbandment

In May 2016, party leader Clive Palmer announced he would not seek re-election to his seat of Fairfax or run for a federal senate seat, ending his official involvement in Australian politics.[32][33] Two months later, Wang lost his Senate seat in the double dissolution election, as the Party lost all representation in a near-total swing against it, receiving less than 0.01% of the House of Representatives vote.

On 23 September 2016, the PUP applied for deregistration in all states.[35] A party spokesperson stated that the party was always set up primarily as a federal party, but would no longer contest state elections.[36]

On 19 April 2017, Clive Palmer announced that he was formally disbanding the Palmer United Party and would cancel its registration as a federal political party with the Australian Electoral Commission.[37][38] It was formally deregistered on 5 May 2017.[39]

2018 revival

On 23 February 2018, Palmer announced that he would register the party again to contest seats at the next federal election. On 17 June 2018, he relaunched the party as the United Australia Party.[40][41]

On 18 June 2018, Clive Palmer announced the reformation of the party as the United Australia Party, with former One Nation senator, Brian Burston joining as its first political member and senate leader.[4] The party contested every lower house seat in the 2019 Australian federal election[42] and did a preference deal with the Liberal party.[43] The UAP failed to win seats in either chamber. However, by directing its preferences to the LNP, the UAP helped the LNP garner a two-seat swing in Queensland, allowing the Coalition to regain its majority.[44]

Palmer spent $60 million at the 2019 election.[45]

The United Australia Party was renamed as Clive Palmer's United Australia Party on 31 January 2020.[46]

State and territory politics

Northern Territory

In April 2014, three independent members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly – Alison Anderson, Larisa Lee, and Francis Xavier Kurrupuwu – joined Palmer United, with Anderson becoming the party's leader in the Territory.[47][48] The trio had resigned from the ruling Country Liberal Party (CLP) during the previous month, leaving the CLP with a one-seat majority in the unicameral Northern Territory Parliament.[49] After the MPs joined Palmer United, Campbell Newman, the Premier of Queensland, suggested Clive Palmer was attempting to "buy votes", which resulted in Palmer initiating defamation proceedings against Newman.[50][51] The PUP is not registered with the Northern Territory Electoral Commission,[52] but the party already meets the NTEC's eligibility requirements for registration because it is "registered under the Commonwealth Electoral Act".[53][54] However, Francis Xavier resigned from the party to rejoin the CLP in September 2014, and Lee and Anderson resigned to become Independents in November.

Queensland

The United Australia Party (UAP) was registered with the Electoral Commission of Queensland (ECQ) on 5 June 2013.[55] Alex Douglas and Carl Judge, the members for Gaven and Yeerongpilly, respectively, in the Queensland Legislative Assembly, joined the party the following day, having announced their intention to join the week before.[56] Both had been elected as Liberal National Party MPs at the 2012 state election, but fell out with the LNP and resigned from the party later that year, sitting as independents in the interim.[57][58] The party remained registered with the ECQ under the United Australia Party name until 28 February 2014, when its registration was updated to reflect the change to Palmer United Party.[59][60] The proposed name change had been announced late the previous year,[61] with Douglas announcing it in parliament on 20 November 2013.[62] Douglas quit the party and sat as an independent from August 2014, and Judge followed suit two months later.[2]

PUP contested its first Queensland state election in 2015. Its state leader was John Bjelke-Petersen, son of former Queensland Premier Joh Bjelke-Petersen.[63] PUP had a poor run-up to the election; although actively stopping a number of federal education and health reforms in the Senate, Lambie's decision to leave the party following the departure of Carl Judge and Alex Douglas at the state level, gave an impression that the party was in disarray. This was reflected in the pre-election polling that had PUP at less than 4%. To complicate matters, Clive Palmer was sick during much of the campaign, missing the election launch. This left the inexperienced Bjelke-Petersen to do most of the electioneering. Despite these difficulties, PUP managed to field 50 candidates out of a possible 89 electoral districts in Queensland. PUP policies included: a First Farm Buyers Grant; to abolish payroll tax for businesses and; tighter regulation of coal seam gas operations.[64] The PUP received 5.1% of first preference votes.[65] While counting was underway, the PUP candidate for Ferny Grove, Mark Taverner, was revealed to be an undischarged bankrupt. Under Australian electoral law, Taverner was ineligible to run. This led to speculation that a by-election would be required in the seat; Labor was narrowly ahead on the two-party vote, and Taverner had preferenced Labor.[66] However, when the tally from Ferny Grove was released, Taverner's votes had no bearing on the outcome, destroying any chance of a by-election.[67]

On 23 September 2016, The PUP applied for deregistration in Queensland, effectively terminating its operation in that state.[35] A party spokesperson stated that the party was set up as and would remain a federal party, but no longer contest state elections.[36]

South Australia

Two independent candidates at the 2014 South Australian state election were endorsed by Palmer United.[68] Ngoc Chau Huynh and Kristian Rees (a former soccer player who finished his career at the then Clive Palmer-owned Gold Coast United) ran on a combined ticket for the Legislative Council, and polled 1.6 percent without either being elected.[69] The party had failed to achieve registration by the required date, with the election held on the same date as the Tasmanian state election.[70]

Tasmania

After an appeal against the party's registration was dismissed in the Supreme Court of Tasmania, Palmer United was registered with the Tasmanian Electoral Commission (TEC) on 17 February 2014, and was one of seven parties to contest the March 2014 state election.[71] The party polled 4.97 percent of first-preference votes in the House of Assembly, but did not win a seat. It achieved its best result in the Division of Braddon, where its candidates polled 7.18 percent to finish ahead of the Tasmanian Greens, and third overall, behind the Liberals and Labor.[72] Kevin Morgan, a former public servant who stood in Braddon, was the party's leader during the election,[73][74] while Barbara Etter, the former CEO of the Integrity Commission Tasmania and a former assistant commissioner of Western Australia Police, was deputy leader, standing in Denison.[75][76] Palmer United and the Liberals were subject to TEC investigations over claims they had breached electoral advertising rules by publishing the name and photos of opposing candidates without their permission.[77] The party reportedly spent "more than $1 million on saturation advertising" during the campaign.[78]

Media relations

As of late 2014, Andrew Crook and his firm Crook Media were employed to handle media relations for the Palmer United Party and Clive Palmer. Crook has handled public relations for Palmer effectively full-time since 2013.[79] Andrew Crook is now a person of interest in Queensland Police Taskforce Maxima investigations. Palmer and the party are not implicated in any way.[80]

Policies
  • Party officials should not be lobbyists, thereby taking a strong position on paid political lobbyists.[81]
  • Establish an emissions trading scheme, another form of carbon pricing, that will not come into effect until other countries – United States, China, European Union, Japan and South Korea – also establish such a scheme.[82][83]
  • Revising the current Australian government refugee policy to ensure Australia is protected and refugees are given opportunities for a better future and lifestyle.[81]
  • Creating mineral wealth to continuously contribute to the welfare of the Australian community. This will be achieved by utilising mineral resources from Queensland and Western Australia, and incentives from the Commonwealth of Australia to establish downstream processing in the States of Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia; and exporting products at a higher dollar value, thereby creating more revenue, jobs, tax and more facilities.[81]
  • Establishing a system where people create wealth in various parts of the country and for that wealth to flow back to the community that generates the wealth.[81]
  • Closing down detention centres for asylum-seeker boat arrivals: "... abolish the detention camps, restore our navy to its traditional role, save the lives of children and families, keep families together and recognise the legitimate rights of those that have a lawful reason for entering Australia."[84]
  • Moving towards free trade and closer economic relations with Asia.[84]
  • Decentralisation and regional self-government, such as a new North Queensland state.[85][86]
  • Encouraging competitive markets by restricting monopoly and prohibiting unfair trading practices.[84]
  • Abolish higher education fees.[87]
  • “There needs to be a fundamental change in Australia to ensure our prosperous future and that is why the Palmer United Party is committed to reducing taxes, stimulating our economy and providing Australians with access to basic services.”
  • Reduce taxes and abolish the Fringe Benefits Tax (FBT) and cut tax on the second job to 50% of what is currently paid. “Reducing taxes will mean more money for Australians and will see people begin to spend again, this will stimulate growth and our economy,” Palmer said. “FBT is a negative tax and by abolishing it we will automatically inject $4 billion into the Australian economy. Our policy to cut tax on the second job to 50 per cent of what is paid at the moment will help hardworking Australians who are trying to provide for their families but are being over-taxed by the government."
  • Palmer said the party will also move to increase the aged pension by 20 per cent and will inject $80 billion into the health budget right across Australia. “Currently Australian pensioners are paid less than what asylum seekers are paid a fortnight. This is a disgrace and by increasing the aged pension by 20 per cent the Palmer United Party will provide pensioners with an additional $150 a fortnight.” Mr Palmer said another disgrace for Australia is the state of the health system right across the nation. “Australians are dying in hospital corridors and waiting rooms and many families do not have access to the simplest of health services like GPs and dentists,” he said. “This has got to stop, and this is why the Palmer United Party will inject $80 billion into the health budget right across Australia so that all Australians have access to a first class health system wherever they may live.[88]

Controversy

As the 2019 federal election approached, it was reported that the nomination papers submitted by at least 19 UAP candidates were too incomplete or inconsistent to demonstrate that they are not dual citizens, which would render them ineligible under section 44 of the Constitution, although the nomination forms require candidates to affirm that they are eligible under s 44.[89]

During the 2019 federal election, a UAP Senate candidate in Queensland, Yodie Batzke, has claimed in her campaign material to be an "adjunct lecturer" at the Cairns campus of James Cook University. The university has denied this, stating: "Yodie Batzke has delivered guest lectures at JCU but is not an adjunct lecturer at JCU".[90]

In 2020 the party's founder Clive Palmer was charged with fraud and corporate misconduct offences. Palmer faces up to 12 years in jail over the alleged diversion of at least $10 million to the benefit of the Palmer United party in the weeks before the 2013 election.[91]

Electoral results
House of Representatives
Election year # of
overall votes		 % of
overall vote		 # of
overall seats won		 # of
overall seats		 +/– Notes
2013 709,035 5.49 (#5)
1 / 150
1 / 150
 1
2016
(D-D)		 315 0.00 (#50)
0 / 150
0 / 150
 1
2019 488,817 3.43 (#6)
0 / 150
0 / 150
Senate
Election year # of
overall votes		 % of
overall vote		 # of
overall seats won		 # of
overall seats		 +/– Notes
2013 658,976 4.91 (#4)
3 / 40
3 / 76
 3 Shared balance of power
2016
(D-D)		 26,230 0.19 (#35)
0 / 76
0 / 76
 1
2019 345,199 2.36 (#7)
0 / 40
0 / 76

See also

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