Colt Police Positive Special

Introduced in 1907, the Colt Police Positive Special is a small frame, double-action revolver with a six round cylinder, primarily chambered for .38 Special. The Police Positive Special was intended primarily for sale to law enforcement agencies and enjoys the distinction of being Colt’s most widely produced revolver design with over 750,000 built.[2]

Colt Police Positive Special
.38 Colt Police Positive Special
TypeRevolver
Place of originUnited States
Service history
In service1907–Present
Production history
ManufacturerColt's Manufacturing Company
Produced1907–1995
No. builtover 750,000[1]
Specifications
Barrel length
  • 4 in (101.6 mm)
  • 5 in (127 mm)
  • 6 in (152.4 mm)
Cartridge
Actiondouble-action
Feed systemsix round cylinder
SightsFixed iron; Blade front, V-notch rear

Development and history
Colt Police Positive-revolver in .32 Colt New Police with a 6" barrel.

The Police Positive Special was an iterative improvement of Colt's earlier Police Positive model, the only differences being a slightly lengthened cylinder and elongated and strengthened frame to allow the chambering of the longer, more powerful .32-20 Winchester and .38 Special cartridges.[3] It was also made in .32 Colt New Police and .38 Colt New Police. It was made with 4", 5" and 6" barrels and came with either wood or hard rubber grips.

In the early 20th century the Colt Positive and Positive Special teamed with Colt's other admired model, the Official Police, to capture the lion's share of the law enforcement firearms market.[4] Very popular with law enforcement officers due to its lightweight, the Positive Special went through a number of series or “issues”. The first issue ran from introduction to 1927 and had the early 1900-era distinctive Colt black hard rubber grips. The second issue introduced wooden grips which were smooth in the early years, later giving way to a checkered style, also the smooth top strap was replaced with a serrated one to reduce glare. The Third issue began in 1947, and the Fourth issue in 1977 introduced a Colt Python-style shrouded ejector-rod housing. Production of the Police Positive Special ended in 1995.[3]

Features
1905 advertisement for Colt's new Police Positive.

Produced with fine carbon steel, the Positive Special featured Colt’s characteristic highly polished surfaces and was available with Colt's signature bright royal blued finish as well as a nickel-plated veneer. Built on Colt’s “D” frame,[2][3] it was offered in four, five, and six inch barreled models,[5] weighing a scant 23 ounces in the four inch.[3] The Positive Special also incorporated Colt’s “Positive Lock” safety which prevented the firing pin from hitting the primer unless the trigger was deliberately pulled. Intended to address deficiencies of earlier models such as the Single Action Army, Colt's Positive Lock prevented an accidental discharge even if the lowered hammer was struck or the pistol was dropped, allowing the revolver to be safely carried with all six chambers loaded.[2] The pistol’s sights consisted of a blade front with a fixed iron open rear sight, which was a simple V-notch shaped groove milled into the revolver’s topstrap.[2]

Fitz Special
Fitz Special

John Henry Fitzgerald first came up the Fitz Special snubnosed revolver concept around the mid-1920s, when he modified a .38 Special Colt Police Positive Special revolver, whose shortest available barrel length was four inches.[6]

Fitz Special revolvers are made by taking any standard size Colt revolver, shortening the barrel to two inches, shortening the ejector rod, bobbing the hammer spur, rounding the butt, and removing the front half of the trigger guard. Reshaping the hammer and the butt allows the gun to be drawn quickly with little risk of the weapon snagging on clothing. The halved trigger guard facilitates quick trigger acquisition, even for shooters with large fingers or gloves. [7]

Although some historians disagree, it is believed that somewhere between forty to two hundred Fitz Specials left the factory, made from various Colt revolvers, by Fitzgerald himself.[8] The Fitz Special was the precursor to the modern snubnosed revolver and specifically the prototype for the Colt Detective Special the first production two-inch snubnosed revolver. Even after the introduction of the Detective Special in 1927, Fitz continued to make custom revolvers for special clientele.

Colonels Rex Applegate[9] and Charles Askins were proponents of the Fitz Special,[10][11] and it would become a popular after-market conversion for many gunsmiths. Charles Lindbergh, William Powell and Clyde Barrow were also known to carry Fitz Specials.[12]

References
  1. "total built".
  2. Cumpston, Mike. “.32 Colt Police Positive Special” Archived September 11, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Gunblast Webzine. Accessed September 11, 2008.
  3. Miller, Peyton. “Colt Police Positive Special” Archived 2008-10-07 at the Wayback Machine, Guns and Ammo magazine Web site. Accessed September 11, 2008.
  4. Scarlata, Paul. “Colt's Official Police Revolver” Archived 2008-09-26 at the Wayback Machine, Shooting Times magazine Web site – Handgun Reviews. Accessed August 13, 2008.
  5. "Colt Police Positive" Bellum Web site. Accessed September 11, 2008.
  6. https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2012/4/20/the-fitz-special/ The Fitz Special by Gary Paul Johnston, April 20, 2012,
  7. FindArticles.com | CBSi
  8. https://www.guns.com/news/2015/09/02/fitz-colt-snub-nosed-revolver-benchmark The Fitz Colt: The snub-nosed revolver benchmark 9/02/15 by Chris Eger
  9. https://www.personaldefenseworld.com/2016/12/rex-applegate-fitz-special/ Perfect Fitz: Col. Rex Applegate’s One-of-a-Kind Fitz Special. COL. APPLEGATE'S FITZ SPECIAL IS TRULY A ONE-OF-A-KIND FIREARM WITH DEEP HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE. By MICHAEL JANICH
  10. https://www.guns.com/news/2015/09/02/fitz-colt-snub-nosed-revolver-benchmark The Fitz Colt: The snub-nosed revolver benchmark 9/02/15 by Chris Eger
  11. Taffin, John (2005). "Colt's New Service". American Handgunner. 30 (4): 109.
  12. https://www.guns.com/news/2015/09/02/fitz-colt-snub-nosed-revolver-benchmark The Fitz Colt: The snub-nosed revolver benchmark 9/02/15 by Chris Eger
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