Comesperma

Comesperma is a genus of shrubs, herbs and lianas in the family Polygalaceae. The genus is endemic to Australia. It was defined by the French botanist Jacques Labillardière in his 1806 work Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen.[1][2] The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek words come ("hair") and sperma ("seed"), and relates to the seeds bearing tufts of hair. The genus is distributed over southern Australia, particularly in the southwest of Western Australia,[3] where 19 species are found.[4] 24 species have been described.[5]

Not to be confused with Conospermum or Comospermum.

Comesperma
Comesperma ericinum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Polygalaceae
Tribe: Polygaleae
Genus: Comesperma
Labill.
Species

See text

The genus was classified in the tribe Polygaleae by Swiss botanist Robert Hippolyte Chodat in 1896. It was also considered a section of the genus Bredemeyera by van Steenis in 1968.[6] This was not adopted widely, and a cladistic study based on morphology published in 1993 suggested they remain as separate genera. This analysis placed Comersperma basal to a group comprising the genera Polygala, Monnina subg. Monninopsis, Nylandtia, Muralita and Epirixanthes.[7]

They are generally small shrubs, climbers or trailing plants, with small to vestigial leaves arranged alternately on the stem. The flowers resemble those of pea-flowers, and are borne in racemes. They are generally pink through shades of purple to blue in colour, although yellow-flowered species are known.[3] Although the flowers are smaller than those of the related genus Polygala, the racemes can be showy,[8] especially of floriferous species such as Comesperma ericinum.[3]

Comesperma ericinum and C. volubile are sometimes seen in cultivation.[3]

Species
  • Comesperma acerosum Steetz
  • Comesperma aphyllum Benth.
  • Comesperma breviflorum Pedley
  • Comesperma calcicola Keighery
  • Comesperma calymega Labill. - blue-spike milkwort
  • Comesperma ciliatum Steetz
  • Comesperma confertum Labill.
  • Comesperma defoliatum F.Muell.
  • Comesperma drummondii Steetz - Drummond's milkwort
  • Comesperma ericinum DC. - pyramid flower, heath milkwort
  • Comesperma esulifolium (Gand.) Prain
  • Comesperma flavum DC.
  • Comesperma griffinii Keighery
  • Comesperma hispidulum Pedley
  • Comesperma integerrimum Endl.
  • Comesperma lanceolatum Benth.
  • Comesperma nudiusculum DC.
  • Comesperma oblongatum (Benth.)
  • Comesperma pallidum Pedley
  • Comesperma patentifolium F.Muell.
  • Comesperma polygaloides F.Muell. - small milkwort
  • Comesperma praecelsum F.Muell.
  • Comesperma retusum Labill.
  • Comesperma rhadinocarpum F.Muell. - slender-fruited comesperma
  • Comesperma scoparium J.Drumm. - broom milkwort
  • Comesperma secundum DC.
  • Comesperma sphaerocarpum Steetz
  • Comesperma spinosum F.Muell. - spiny milkwort
  • Comesperma sylvestre Lindl.
  • Comesperma virgatum Labill. - milkwort
  • Comesperma viscidulum F.Muell.
  • Comesperma volubile Labill. - love creeper
  • Comesperma xanthocarpum Steud.

References
  1. "Comesperma Labill". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  2. Labillardiere, J.J.H. de (1806). "Diadelphia. Octandria". Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen. 2 (16): 21, t. 159.
  3. Elliot RW, Jones DL, Blake T (1984). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation:Volume 3 - Ce-Er. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-85091-167-1.
  4. Margaret G. Corrick; Bruce Fuhrer (2009). Wildflowers of Southern Western Australia. Kenthurst, New South Wales: Rosenberg Publishing. p. 152. ISBN 978-1-877058-84-4.
  5. "Comesperma". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust. Retrieved 2007-10-08.
  6. Steenis, C. G. van (1968). "Notes on Bredemeyera (Comesperma) with a new Papuan Species and the Australian species listed (PolygaIaceae)". Acta Botanica Neerlandica. 17 (5): 377–84. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1968.tb00142.x.
  7. Eriksen, Bente (1993). "Floral anatomy and morphology in the Polygalaceae". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 186 (1–2): 33–55. doi:10.1007/bf00937712.
  8. Fairley A, Moore P (2000). Native Plants of the Sydney District: An Identification Guide (2nd ed.). Kenthurst, NSW: Kangaroo Press. p. 245. ISBN 978-0-7318-1031-4.
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