Comet Machholz

Comet Machholz, formally designated C/2004 Q2, is a long-period comet discovered by Donald Machholz on August 27, 2004. It reached naked eye brightness in January 2005. Unusual for such a relatively bright comet, its perihelion was farther from the Sun than the Earth's orbit.

Not to be confused with 96P/Machholz or 141P/Machholz.
C/2004 Q2 (Machholz)
Comet Machholz in February 2005
Discovery
Discovered byDonald Machholz
Discovery date2004
Alternative
designations		Comet Machholz
Orbital characteristics A
Epoch2453415.5 (February 14, 2005)
Aphelion~1070 AU[1]
Perihelion1.205 AU
Semi-major axis~537 AU[1]
Eccentricity0.9995
Orbital period12,400 yr (epoch 2050)[1]
Inclination38.6°
Last perihelionJanuary 24, 2005
Next perihelionunknown

Period
C/2004 Q2 appears to pass near the Pleiades cluster in 2005.

Given the orbital eccentricity of this object, different epochs can generate quite different heliocentric unperturbed two-body best-fit solutions to the aphelion distance (maximum distance) of this object. For objects at such high eccentricity, the Suns barycentric coordinates are more stable than heliocentric coordinates. Using JPL Horizons the barycentric orbital elements for epoch 2050 generate a semi-major axis of 537 AU and a period of approximately 12,400 years.[1] This gives it a barycentric orbital period just a little larger than Sedna.

There are six other long-period comets named Machholz: C/1978 R3 (a.k.a. 1978 XIII, 1978l), C/1985 K1 (a.k.a. 1985 VIII, 1985e), C/1988 P1 (a.k.a. 1988 XV, 1988j), C/1992 N1 (a.k.a. 1992 XVII, 1992k), C/1994 T1 (a.k.a. 1994 XXVII, 1994r), and C/2010 F4. In addition, there are C/1992 F1 (Tanaka-Machholz), C/1994 N1 (Nakamura-Nishimura-Machholz) and C/2018 V1 (Machholz-Fujikawa-Iwamoto).

See also

References
  1. Horizons output. "Barycentric Osculating Orbital Elements for Comet C/2004 Q2 (Machholz)". Retrieved 2011-02-03. (Solution using the Solar System Barycenter and barycentric coordinates. Select Ephemeris Type:Elements and Center:@0)


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