Coronado Historic Site

Coronado Historic Site is the Tiwa Indian pueblo of Kuaua and a historic site that is part of the State-governed Museum of New Mexico system. It is located along New Mexico Highway 550, 1 mile west of Bernalillo and 16 miles north of Albuquerque.[3]

Kuaua Ruin
Aerial view of Kuaua ruins, circa 1940
Nearest cityBernalillo, New Mexico
Coordinates35°19′51″N 106°33′26″W
Area5.7 acres (2.3 ha)
Built1939 (1939)
ArchitectJohn Gaw Meem
Architectural stylePueblo
NRHP reference No.76001199[1]
NMSRCP No.225
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJanuary 1, 1976
Designated NMHS1935[2]
Designated NMSRCPDecember 30, 1971

History

The Coronado Historic Site is most noted for Kuaua Pueblo (Tiwa for "Evergeen"). The pueblo or village was settled about 1325 and abandoned toward the end of the 16th century. The Coronado Historic Site was the first state archaeological site to open to the public. It was dedicated on May 29, 1940, as part of the Cuarto Centenario commemoration (400th Anniversary) of Francisco Vásquez de Coronado's entry into New Mexico.[4] Although it is named for Vasquez de Coronado, who camped in the vicinity in 1540–1542, the site is of Kuaua Pueblo which was one of several Tiwa-speaking pueblos in the area when the conquistador Vasquez de Coronado arrived, and the village was almost certainly abandoned due to Coronado and the after effects of the Tiguex War (February 1541).

The ruins of Kuaua Pueblo were excavated from 1934 to 1939[5] by an archaeological team led by Edgar Lee Hewett and Marjorie F. Tichy (later Lambert). The excavation revealed a south-to-north development over the village's three centuries of existence, as well as six kivas built in round, square and rectangular shapes. The site is particularly noted for a series of pre-contact (pre-1541) murals that were recovered from a square kiva in the pueblo's south plaza. These murals represent one of the finest examples of pre-contact Native American art to be found anywhere in North America.

Visitor's Center

The Coronado visitor's center was designed by noted Southwest architect John Gaw Meem. It displays fourteen of the restored kiva murals as well as Pueblo Indian and Spanish Colonial artifacts. An interpretive trail winds through the ruins and along the west bank of the Rio Grande.

Kuaua pueblo Kiva mural (restored), late 15th to early 16th century

See also

References
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. "About New Mexico's Historic Sites". New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
  3. Noble, David Grant, Ancient Ruins of the Southwest: An Archaeological Guide, Northland Publishing, Flagstaff, Arizona, 2000, p. 208
  4. Zimmerman, James (February 1940). "The Coronado Cuarto Centennial". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 20 (1). JSTOR 2507507.
  5. Sinclair, John (1951). "The Story of the Pueblo of Kuaua". Papers of the School of American Research. 45.
External video
Coronado Historic Site (6:37), C-SPAN[1]
  1. "Coronado Historic Site". C-SPAN. February 7, 2013. Retrieved March 14, 2013.
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