Cynognathia
Cynognathia ("dog jaw") is one of two major clades of cynodonts, the other being Probainognathia. Cynognathians included the large carnivorous genus Cynognathus and the herbivorous traversodontids. Cynognathians can be identified by several synapomorphies including a very deep zygomatic arch that extends above the middle of the orbit.
| Cynognathia Temporal range: Early Triassic to Early Jurassic | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Skull of the cynognathian Cynognathus crateronotus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Therapsida |
| Clade: | Cynodontia |
| Clade: | Eucynodontia |
| Clade: | †Cynognathia Hopson and Barghusen, 1986 |
| Subgroups | |
| |
Cynognathian fossils are currently known from South America, Antarctica, and South Africa.
Taxonomy
- Suborder Cynodontia
- Infraorder Eucynodontia
- (unranked) Cynognathia
- Family Cynognathidae
- (unranked) Gomphodontia
- Family Diademodontidae
- (unranked) Neogomphodontia
- Family Trirachodontidae
- Subfamily Trirachodontinae
- Subfamily Sinognathinae
- Beishanodon
- Sinognathus
- Cricodon
- Family Traversodontidae
- Etjoia
- Nanogomphodon
- Scalenodon
- Subfamily Traversodontinae
- Unnamed clade
- Andescynodon
- Pascualgnathus
- Mandagomphodon
- Subfamily Massetognathinae
- Subfamily Arctotraversodontinae
- Arctotraversodon
- Boreogomphodon
- Plinthogomphodon
- Habayia
- Maubeugia
- Microscalenodon
- Mandagomphodon
- Rosieria
- Subfamily Gomphodontosuchinae
- Gomphodontosuchus
- Menadon
- Protuberum
- Ruberodon
- Scalenodontoides
- Exaeretodon
- Siriusgnathus
- Family Trirachodontidae
- (unranked) Cynognathia
- Infraorder Eucynodontia
See also
- Evolution of mammals
- Mammaliaformes
- Prehistoric mammals
References
- Hendrickx, C.; Gaetano, L. C.; Choiniere, J. N.; Mocke, H.; Abdala, F. (2020). "A new traversodontid cynodont with a peculiar postcanine dentition from the Middle/Late Triassic of Namibia and dental evolution in basal gomphodonts". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (20): 1669–1706. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1804470.
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